免費學(xué)習(xí)資料 囊括小初高九大學(xué)科（知識點/練習(xí)題/模擬卷/真題卷/學(xué)霸筆記）考點11 主謂一致一、教材重點回顧：主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。對于主謂一致的考查，主要集中在單項選擇、完形填空、漢譯英及其它類型的填空題中。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，要掌握主謂一致的基本用法及常見搭配。其考查重點： 主謂一致的三個原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。一：主謂一致的三個原則1. 意義一致意義一致就是根據(jù)句子主語的意義來確定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。如：Maths is difficult for us. 數(shù)學(xué)對我們來說很難。The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察們正在山上盡力搜查小偷。2. 語法一致語法一致即單數(shù)主語要用單數(shù)謂語動詞，復(fù)數(shù)主語要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。如：My bike is under the tree. 我的自行車在樹下。These books are old. 這些書是舊的。3. 就近原則就近原則即當(dāng)主語被某些連詞(短語)連接時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與離它最近的詞保持一致。Either my father or brother is coming. 我父親來，要不然就是我弟弟來。Not only you but also they are good students. 不僅你是好學(xué)生，而且他們也是好學(xué)生。二：并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語由and或both. and連接兩個名詞、代詞作主語，表示不同的人或事物時，句子的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。John and Mike are good friends. 約翰和邁克是好朋友。Both bread and milk are good for you. 面包和牛奶對你都有好處?！咀⒁狻縜nd連接的兩個名詞作主語，在意義上指同一人、同一物或同一概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The famous singer and dancer is coming to Chongqing. 那位著名的歌唱家兼舞蹈家要來重慶。三：名詞+介詞短語作主語名詞或代詞后接as well as，with，along with，together with，except，but等短語作主語時，謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)和介詞短語前的名詞或代詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。(就前原則）She as well as other students likes playing computer games. 她和其他學(xué)生都喜歡玩電腦游戲。He with his parents is working in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。Nobody but you and me knows it. 除了你和我，沒人知道。四：不定代詞作主語1. 當(dāng)作主語的名詞前有each，neither，either，every修飾或each，neither，either作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Each student has a book. 每一個學(xué)生都有一本書。Either answer is correct. 兩個答案都是正確的。Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都沒有和他在一起。Every minute is important to us. 每一分鐘對大家都很重要。2. 當(dāng)復(fù)合不定代詞someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Somebody is waiting for you outside. 有人在外面等你。Is everybody here today? 今天大家都到了嗎？ Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天沒有人離開。五：There be和Here be的就近原則There be和Here be 結(jié)構(gòu)后面接并列名詞時，謂語動詞be均應(yīng)與最近的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。There is a pen，a pencil，a knife and three books on the desk. 書桌上有一支鋼筆，一支鉛筆，一把刀和三本書。Here are some flowers and a card. 這里有一些花和一張卡片。六：特殊名詞作主語1. 國名、人名、書名、報刊名、組織機構(gòu)等專有名詞作主語時，即使其形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)。The United States lies to the east of China. 美國在中國的東方。(國名)Engels was good at learning foreign languages. 恩格斯擅長學(xué)外語。(人名)2. the+形容詞作主語時，表示某類人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The sick are taken good care of. 病人得到很好的照顧。The old are supposed to be spoken to politely. 跟老人講話要有禮貌。3. 以-s結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞，如maths，physics，politics等和以-s結(jié)尾的抽象名詞，如news，plastics等作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。Physics is very difficult for me to learn. 物理對我來講很難學(xué)。The news was very exciting. 這條新聞十分激動人心。4. 單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的名詞，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞前的修飾語來確定。A Chinese wants to see you. 一個中國人想見你。Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那邊有10只綿羊在吃草?！咀⒁狻緾hinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一國人，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The Chinese speak Chinese. 中國人說漢語。七：表數(shù)量概念的詞或短語作主語1. 表示時間、金錢、距離、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，通?？醋饕粋€整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就過去了。Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就夠了。100 kilometers is a long way. 100千米是一段很長的路。2. 加減乘除運算中的謂語動詞用單數(shù)，其中加法與乘法也可用復(fù)數(shù)。Two and two is/are four. 2加2等于4。Six times one is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。3. many a/more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。There is more than one answer. 有不止一個答案。Many a student has passed the exam. 許多學(xué)生通過了考試。4. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部時間。One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一個半梨被留在盤子里。5. the rest of. 短語作主語時，如果of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；如果of后接不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。The rest of the bikes are on sale. 余下的自行車降價出售。The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不見了。6. none of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。None of the dogs was/were there. 那兒沒有狗。7. a number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示許多/大量的，其后的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示的數(shù)量，其中心詞為number，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A number of farmers are standing over there. 許多農(nóng)民站在那邊。The number of the students in this school has reached over 2,000. 這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到2 000多人。8. a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名詞作主語，謂語動詞由of后的名詞來確定。如果of后是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果of后是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A lot of time is needed. 需要大量的時間。Plenty of workers are working. 許多工人在工作?？枷虬耍簞用~、不定式和從句作主語動名詞、不定式或從句作主語時，謂語一般用單數(shù)。Doing morning exercises is good for your body. 做早操對你的身體有益。To play with fire near a gas station is very dangerous. 在加油站附近玩火很危險。What he said at the meeting is very important. 他在會上的發(fā)言很重要。其他情況例句and連接并列主語時，謂語動詞常常使用復(fù)數(shù)；但是and連接的并列主語指同一人、同一物時，謂語使用單數(shù)。The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來了(作家和教師指同一個人)The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。(作家和老師是兩個人)單數(shù)名詞或代詞+名詞或代詞+but/besides/except/including/like/with/along with/as well as /rather than/such as/together with+名詞或代詞作主語，謂語使用單數(shù)形式，如果之前的名詞或代詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語使用復(fù)數(shù)。Mike with his father has been to England.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。Mike, like his brother，enjoys playing football. 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語謂語用單數(shù); a(good/large) number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The number of the students is over eight hundred. 學(xué)生人數(shù)超過八百。A number of teachers are present today，and the number of them is 500. 許多教師今天都出席了，有500人。由兩個相同部分組成的一個整體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如chopsticks，glasses，shoes，socks，stockings, trousers, boots等。若此類名詞被a kind of/a pair of修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The scissors are on the shelf next to the cupboard. 剪刀在櫥柜旁邊的架子上。A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. 近些天，眼鏡的售價很高。當(dāng)not only. but also.，not. but.，or，either. or.，neither. nor.等連接并列主語時，以及在there be句型中，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式采用就近原則。Neither Jack and I have seen this film.杰克和我都沒有看過這部電影Either you or he is to attend the meeting tomorrow.或者是你或者是他去參加明天的會議。某些集體名詞，如class, club, family, team, group等，作主語時，謂語動詞采用意義一致原則，即依據(jù)名詞的具體含義來確定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。The company has grown rapidly in the last five years.這家公司五年來迅速發(fā)展壯大。The family are celebrating Thanksgiving in this picture.在這張相片里，全家人正在慶祝感恩節(jié)?！局R拓展】如果這一類集體名詞作為一個整體看待時，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式;如果這一類詞指的是具體成員，則謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。二、中考考點梳理1、語法一致：是指主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?？键c一：一般情況下，主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?？键c二：動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?？键c三：1). 復(fù)合不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2). neither of . / none of . 作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。3). either指“兩者之中任何一個”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。either of . 作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。4). each作同位語時，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于主語的數(shù)；each of . 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。考點四：當(dāng)用both . and . 連接并列主語時，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)and連接的兩個名詞表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)表示同一人、同一物或同一個概念，或表示不可分的整體時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式?？键c五：當(dāng)主語后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等詞語引導(dǎo)的短語時，謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定?？键c六：一些由兩部分構(gòu)成的表示物體的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如shoes, trousers, jeans, scissors, chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與量詞保持一致?？键c七：1). “a (large / small) number of + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2). “分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + 名詞”和“the rest / most of +名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由名詞決定。2、意義一致：是指謂語動詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式，而是由其意義所決定?？键c一：當(dāng)數(shù)詞作主語或當(dāng)表示距離、金額、時間等名詞(短語)作主語時，通常作為整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。考點二：有些集體名詞常指復(fù)數(shù)的人或物，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語時，如果作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；當(dāng)population意為“人口數(shù)量”時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；意為“全體居民”時，謂語動詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。考點三：以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞如news, physics, maths, politics等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?？键c四：1). “the + 形容詞”表示一類人作主語時，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類詞有the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。2). “the + 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?？键c五：定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。3)、就近一致：是指謂語動詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?？键c一：以or, not only . but also ., either . or ., neither . nor . 等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時，謂語動詞要和離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?？键c二：在there be 句型中，如果有兩個或兩個以上的主語時，主語與謂語的一致通常遵循就近一致原則。主謂一致記憶口訣單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見，集體名詞謂用單。如若強調(diào)其成員，復(fù)數(shù)謂語記心間。有些名詞謂常復(fù)，牛人警察和船員。主語單數(shù)后接介，謂語單數(shù)介無關(guān)。主語從句非謂語，many a再加more than one，謂語動詞均用單。or，nor，but also，there be，近主原則掛嘴邊。主語neither，either，one，謂語總是用三單。主語雖有and連，and后面沒有冠，僅指一人或一事，謂語仍然是單三。時間、價值度量衡，謂語常作單數(shù)看。no，each，every后用單，兩件/種事物/情系一概念。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)的情況口訣：人們加警察，家禽并牛群，常作復(fù)數(shù)沒問題；服裝鞋襪及手套，自然全是用復(fù)數(shù)。1、 典例分類1.Lucy, there _ too many things on the desk. What a mess!Sorry, Mum. Ill put them away.A. have B. is C. are【答案】C【解析】考查主謂一致。句意：露西，在桌子上有許多東西。真亂！對不起，媽媽，我將把他們收起來。A. have有；B. is是；單數(shù)；C. are是，復(fù)數(shù)。這里是there be句型，主語是too many things是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用are。根據(jù)題意，故選C。2. Not only you but also I _ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.A. am B. is C. are【答案】A【解析】考查句子的主謂一致。句意：不僅是你，我也對卡通片粉紅豬小妹感興趣。A. am用于主語是I的一般現(xiàn)在時；B. is用于主語是單數(shù)第三人稱的一般現(xiàn)在時；C. are用于主語是復(fù)數(shù)的一般現(xiàn)在時。短語not onlybut also引導(dǎo)的主語和后面動詞主謂一致遵循臨近一致原則，比較近的主語I是第一人稱，be動詞用am, 故選A。3. _ students in our class _ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths; isB. Second fifths; areC. Second fifths; isD. Two fifths; are【答案】D【解析】句意：我們班五分之二的學(xué)生打算下周去北京參加夏令營。表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，因此五分之二的表達(dá)應(yīng)該是two fifths，排除B、C；分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞students，根據(jù)主謂一致的原則，只能用are，故答案選D。【擴展】：本題考查的知識點有分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)和主謂一致，一般情況下，表示分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子要用基數(shù)詞，分母要用序數(shù)詞，如果分子大于1，表示分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：two thirds 三分之二。由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)名詞構(gòu)成的短語作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。如：60% of the students in our class are girls.我們班60的學(xué)生是女生。Two thirds of the apple is red.這個蘋果的三分之二是紅色的。4. Each of us _ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future. A. has B. have C. will have D. had【答案】A【解析】考查意義一致原則。英語句中的each，既可作代詞充當(dāng)主語，又可作形容詞修飾主語，這時的謂語動詞一律用單數(shù)。Each of us has a computer. 我們每個人都有一部電腦。Each of them likes playing basketball. 他們每個人都喜歡打籃球。中考試題題意為“我們每個人有生活目標(biāo)，它將指引我們走向光明的未來?！贝祟}each充當(dāng)主語成份，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。答案應(yīng)為A。 5.Whats in the picture on the wall? There _a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A. has B. are C. is D. have 【答案】C【解析】考查語法一致原則。在there be句型中，be動詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and連接的兩個主語，則應(yīng)與靠近的那個主語保持一致。如；There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 房間里有兩張椅子和一張桌子。There is a pen and some pieces of paper on the desk.?桌子上有一支鋼筆和幾張紙。中考試題題意為“墻上圖畫里有什么？”“有一位老師和上些學(xué)生在操場上踢足球。”此題空格后的主語是a teacher，謂語動詞應(yīng)選擇is，答案應(yīng)為C。6. Either the students or the teacher _ him very well. A. Knows B. to know C. know D. knew 【答案】A【解析】考查鄰近一致原則。either.or.連接的并列主語, 謂語動詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。 如：Either you or she is good at English. 你或她都擅長英語。Are either you or he wrong? 是你錯了還是他錯了? 中考試題題意為“不是學(xué)生就是老師非常了解他?！贝祟}由連詞either.or.連接主語the students和the teacher，附近主語是the teacher，故答案應(yīng)為A。7. Not only Jack but also I _crazy about the football match. A. am B. is C.are D. be 【答案】A【解析】考查鄰近一致原則。中考試題題意為“不僅 Jack 而且我都熱衷于足球?！贝祟}含有連詞not only. but also.，根據(jù)鄰近一致原則，答案應(yīng)為A。 8. Neither my sister nor I _been to Xian before Ahave never Bhave ever Chas never Dhas ever 【答案】B【解析】考查鄰近一致原則。neither.nor.“”連接兩個主語時，與最靠近的主語一致。如：Neither his parents nor Tom is at home.湯姆和他的父母都不在家。Neither the teacher nor his studetns know anything about it. 老師和他的學(xué)生都不知道那件事。中考試題題意為“我妹妹和我以前都沒去過西安”由于neithernor.本身就是否定意義，則可排除含有never的A和C兩項；根據(jù)鄰近一致的原則，則應(yīng)選擇have ever，答案應(yīng)為B。 9. Peter with his classmates _ for the bus when the earthquake happened. A. is waiting B. was waiting C. are waiting D. were waiting 【答案】B【解析】考查語法一致的原則。當(dāng)主語有with 或together with短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語部分一致。如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教師和一些學(xué)生在參觀工廠。中考試題題意為“當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生的時候，Peter與他的同學(xué)正在等公共汽車。”根據(jù)此題介詞短語with his classmates前主語是Peter，謂語動詞須用單數(shù)。根據(jù)時間狀語when the earthquake happened可知，主句謂語動詞須用過去進行時，答案應(yīng)為B。10.（2019年永州）Playing computer games too often _ bad for us. A. am B. is C. are 【答案】B【解析】考查語法一致的原則。動名詞、動詞不定式，從句等作主語時謂語動詞一律視作一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Playing football on Sunday is one of his habits. 周日踢足球是他的一個習(xí)慣。When to leave has not been decided. 什么時候離開還沒有定下來。What he said has been recorded .他說的話已被錄音了。中考試題題意為“玩電腦游戲太經(jīng)常對我們有害。”此題動名詞短語playing computer games用作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，答案應(yīng)為B。 二、易混易錯點撥1. We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her _ birthday.A. seventyB. the seventyC. the seventiethD. seventieth【答案】D【解析】句意：我們?yōu)槲覀兊膰腋械津湴粒?019年是她的70歲生日。seventy70，seventieth第70；根據(jù)幾歲生日時用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性的物主代詞時，要把the省略掉；故選D。2. Wu Dajing, a _ Chinese skater, set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup last year.A. 25-years-oldB. 25 year oldC. 25-year-oldD. 25 years old【答案】C【解析】句意：25歲的中國滑冰運動員吳大靖在去年的短道世界杯上創(chuàng)造了新的世界紀(jì)錄?？疾橄薅ㄔ~辨析。由數(shù)字、名詞和形容詞加連字符構(gòu)成的詞為復(fù)合形容詞，也稱限定詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)為數(shù)字-名詞-形容詞，中間的名詞必須用單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選C。3. September is the _ month of a year.A. seventhB. eighthC. ninthD. tenth【答案】C【解析】句意：九月是一年中的第九個月。A. 第七；B. 第八；C. 第九；D. 第十。根據(jù)常識可知，九月是第九個月，故選C。4. We gave away _ books to the school library last year.A. six thousandsB. six thousandC. six thousands ofD. six thousand of【答案】B【解析】句意：去年我們把6000本書捐給了學(xué)校圖書館。結(jié)合選項，本題考查數(shù)詞的用法，英文的數(shù)目表達(dá)方式有兩種：精確數(shù)目和含糊數(shù)目。精確數(shù)目如：two million dollars，兩百萬美元；數(shù)詞無復(fù)數(shù)，也沒有of；含糊數(shù)目如：millions of dollars，數(shù)百萬美元；數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，且有of；這個句中的數(shù)目屬于精確數(shù)目，6000本書。就應(yīng)該表達(dá)成 six thousand books；不加of，數(shù)詞也無復(fù)數(shù)。故選B。5. Every year, _ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.A. thousandB. thousands ofC. thousand of【答案】B【解析】句意：每年，成千上萬本書被捐給鄉(xiāng)下的窮孩子們。A. thousand 千，前面有具體數(shù)字時用不能變復(fù)數(shù)；B. thousands of成千上萬的；C. thousand of語法錯誤。根據(jù)題意這里表示約數(shù)用thousands of，thousands of books表示成千上萬的書。根據(jù)題意，故選B。6.Which month of the year do you like best?July, the _ month, because summer vacation begin in this month.A. sevenB. sixC. seventhD. sixth【答案】C【解析】句意：你最喜歡一年中的哪個月?七月，第七個月，因為暑假在這個月開始?？疾閿?shù)詞辨析。定冠詞the修飾序數(shù)詞，six和seven都是基數(shù)詞，可排除。seventh第七，sixth第六；根據(jù)July（七月）可知選C。7.Wellcelebratethe _ NationalDaythisyear.Thatsreallyexciting。A.seventyB.seventeenC.seventieth【答案】C【解析】表示第幾個節(jié)日、生日和紀(jì)念日需要用序數(shù)詞。此處指我們今年將要慶祝第七十個國慶節(jié)。8. There _ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.A. isB. areC. be【答案】A【解析】考查 there be 句型，該題主要考查主謂一致，a large bowl of jiaozi 為單數(shù)，故選 A。9. In the near future, there _ self-driving cars in our city.A. isB. wasC. areD. will be【答案】D【解析】句意：在不久的將來，我們城市將有自動駕駛汽車。選項A、C為一般現(xiàn)在時；B為一般過去時；D為一般將來時。根據(jù)In the near future可知，本題考查there be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時。該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種表達(dá)：there is going to be或there will be。分析選項可知，D正確。10.There _ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a look with me?Sure. Id love to.A. is B. have C. are【答案】A【解析】句意：在我們學(xué)校有個圖書特賣活動。你愿意和我一塊去看看嗎？當(dāng)然，我愿意去。there be句型表示某處有某物，有此句型不能有have，這個句型中be動詞的就近原則，be動詞取決于與之鄰近的名詞。名詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用is，其它情況用are。此題中名詞abooksale是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，所以be動詞用is。故選A。11.Whats in the picture on the wall? There _ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground. A. has B. are C. is D. have【答案】C【解析】句意：墻上的畫里是什么？有一個老師和一些學(xué)生在操場上正在踢足球。there be句型表示某地有某物，用此句型不能再由have；此句型有個就近原則，be動詞的選擇取決于與之挨著的名詞。名詞的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或者是不可數(shù)名詞的話就用is，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞用are。根據(jù)句中的ateacher可以判斷be動詞用is。故選C。12. Nowadays, _ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about _ of them are adults.A. the number of; four-fifthsB. a number of; four-fifthC. a number of; four-fifthsD. the number of; four-five【答案】 C【解析】句意：如今，許多人更喜歡華為手機，其中約五分之四是成年人。考查介詞短語和分?jǐn)?shù)。1. the number of：的數(shù)量，作主語，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)；a number of：許多，大量的，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，它和可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞使用復(fù)數(shù)；本句謂語動詞like是復(fù)數(shù)，可知填a number of。2.分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：基數(shù)詞做分子，序數(shù)詞做分母，當(dāng)分子大于一，分母用復(fù)數(shù)，五分之四是four-fifths，故第二個空填four-fifths；故選C。1. There are _ floors in Tobys house. And his room is on the _ floor.A. three; twoB. third; secondC. third; twoD. three; second【答案】D【解析】句意：Toby家有三層樓。他的房間在第二層。three三，是基數(shù)詞；third第三，是序數(shù)詞；two二，是基數(shù)詞；second第二，是序數(shù)詞。第一空修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞floors，故用基數(shù)詞three。第二空修飾單數(shù)名詞floor，故用序數(shù)詞second。故選D。2.Dad, about _ of our classmates wear glasses.Oh, thats terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.A. three fourthB. third fourthC. third fourthsD. three quarters【答案】D【解析】句意：爸爸，我們的同學(xué)大約有四分之三戴著眼鏡。哦，那太可怕了。你們都應(yīng)該照顧好你們的眼睛。表示分?jǐn)?shù)時，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子用基數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子大約一時，分子用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示四分之一用one fourth或one quarter，表示四分之三用three fourths或three quarters，故選D。3. _ people come to the lost and found office every day.A. HundredsB. HundredC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of【答案】D【解析】句意：每天都有數(shù)百人來到失物招領(lǐng)處。hundred前面有具體數(shù)字時不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，與of連用時，hundred要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示不確定的數(shù)字，hundreds of數(shù)以百計的，故答案為D。4. _ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.A. Thousand B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands of【答案】D【解析】句意：成千上萬的游客在度假期間來Hongyadong拍照?？疾閿?shù)詞的用法。thousand前有具體數(shù)字時，用單數(shù)形式；如果沒有具體數(shù)字時，用復(fù)數(shù)形式和of連用。結(jié)合本題語境，假期來Hongyadong參觀的人肯定是指約數(shù)，意為成千上萬的，所以根據(jù)以上分析應(yīng)表達(dá)為thousands of表示成千上萬的、數(shù)以千計的；故答案選D。5. In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their _ birthdays.A. one hundredB. hundredC. hundreds ofD. hundredth【答案】D【解析】句意：在未來，人們會活得更久，更多的人將慶祝他們的百歲生日?？疾樾驍?shù)詞。A. one hundred一百；B. hundred百；C. hundreds of數(shù)以百計的；D. hundredth第一百。根據(jù)In the future people will live longer and more and more people will celebrate their birthdays.可知句意為在未來，人們會活得更久，更多的人將慶祝他們的百歲生日。這里指的是第一百個生日，所以應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞形式，hundred的序數(shù)詞為hundredth，故答案選D。6. About _ of the earth _ covered with water, but we have less and less fresh water.A. three-fourth; areB. three-fourths; isC. three-fourth; areD. three-fourths; are【答案】B【解析】句意：地球上大約四分之三的部分被水覆蓋，但是我們有越來越少的淡水。第一空處考查分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法，即分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母加s，three-fourths四分之三，排除A和C；分?jǐn)?shù)或者百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)of后的名詞決定，根據(jù)of后的earth可知，用單數(shù)is，故選B。7. The number of the students in my class _ fifty. A large number of them _ from the countryside.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are【答案】A【解析】句意：我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是50，他們中很多都來自農(nóng)村。這個題目考查主謂一致，is用于主語為單數(shù)時；are用于主語是復(fù)數(shù)時。第一句話the number of.表示的數(shù)量，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；第二句話是a large number of許多，大量，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。8.Ann, when do you plan to go for your ten-day holiday?Next month. Im going away on the _ and coming back on the 12th.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth【答案】C【解析】句意：Ann，你計劃什么時候去過你十天的假期？下個月，我打算三號離開，12號回來。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根據(jù)句意go for your ten-day holiday可知，Ann的假期是10天，句中說到coming back on the 12th，12號回來，所以離開的日期應(yīng)該是三號。故選C。9. Jim failed twice, but he wanted to have _ try. A. a secondB. a thirdC. the secondD. the third【答案】B【解析】句意：吉姆失敗了兩次，但是他想再試一次?？疾樾驍?shù)詞用法。A. a second再一；B. a third又一次；C. the second第二；D. the third第三。a +序數(shù)詞是在前面數(shù)字的基礎(chǔ)上再出現(xiàn)，而the序數(shù)詞單指第幾個。吉姆失敗了兩次，再一次用a third。故選B。10. _ people attending the meeting is 2975 and about _ are women. A. A number of; one fourthB. The number of; one fourthC. A number of; one fourthsD. The number of; one fourths【答案】B【解析】句意：參加會議的人數(shù)是2975，大約四分之一是女性。A number of是大量、很多的意思，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或代詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The number of意思是的數(shù)字/數(shù)目，介詞of同其后名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，修飾the number，當(dāng)它作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。根據(jù)謂語is可知第一個空用The number of。分?jǐn)?shù)的表示是分子在前、分母在后。分子以基數(shù)（one， two， three）表示，分母以序數(shù)（first， second， third）等表示。分子超過1時，分母必須加上-s。所以第二個空填one fourth。故選B。三好網(wǎng)中高級教師1對1，在線輔導(dǎo)，真師可靠！官方網(wǎng)站：資料來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，版權(quán)歸原作者所有,不得商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載；如有疑義請?zhí)砑游⑿盘杁d2247443566，感謝支持！