2019-2020年中考英語 語法專題突破 專題八 動(dòng)詞 人教新目標(biāo)版考查點(diǎn)年份題號(hào)考查角度選項(xiàng)設(shè)置分值名詞詞義辨析xx42動(dòng)詞詞義辨析read/watch/guess/listen1分46動(dòng)詞詞義辨析rest/shake/look/work1分50動(dòng)詞詞義辨析save/help/care/relax1分xx35感官動(dòng)詞辨析smells/tastes/feels/sounds1分48動(dòng)詞詞義辨析asked/told/replied/spoke1分49動(dòng)詞詞義辨析boring/buy/take/sell1分xx46動(dòng)詞詞義辨析mind/keep/like/remember1分55動(dòng)詞詞義辨析moves/happens/appears/develops1分xx46動(dòng)詞詞義辨析moves/es/returns/leaves1分48動(dòng)詞詞義辨析won/began/failed/ended1分50動(dòng)詞詞義辨析tried/forgot/stopped/remembered1分201137感官動(dòng)詞辨析feels/sounds/tastes/smells1分47動(dòng)詞詞義辨析liked/hated/found/lost1分50動(dòng)詞詞義辨析happened/changed/ended/appeared1分類別功能例詞表示狀態(tài)表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。am，is，are，was，were表示持續(xù)表示主語繼續(xù)或保持某種身份和狀態(tài)。keep，remain，stay，stand，lie表示感官表示人體感官的系動(dòng)詞。look，feel，smell，taste，sound表示狀態(tài)變化表示主語從一種狀態(tài)變換到另一種狀態(tài)。bee，get，go，grow，turn分類作用beam/is/are現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were現(xiàn)在分詞過去進(jìn)行時(shí)be過去分詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)do形式有do，does，did，用于構(gòu)成疑問句和否定句，或用在動(dòng)詞前加強(qiáng)語氣havehave/has過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)had過去分詞過去完成時(shí)havebeen現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)will/shallwill/shall動(dòng)詞原形一般將來時(shí)would/should動(dòng)詞原形過去將來時(shí)形式構(gòu)成例詞動(dòng)詞原形不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式形式。be，do，have，e第三人稱單數(shù)一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加s。workworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加es。gogoeswashwashes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加es。flyfliesstudystudies過去式與過去分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加ed。workworkedstaystayed在以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加d。closeclosedlikeliked以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加ed。studystudiedcarrycarried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加ed。stopstoppedplanplanned現(xiàn)在分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加ing。sleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加ing。smilesmilingmovemoving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加ing。sitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y，再加ing。diedyinglielyingCcontact Dconnect()10.(xx無錫中考)The school network will be shut down for safety reasons.That doesnt _ me at all.Im not a networm，anyway.Asatisfy BsurpriseCworry Dinclude()11.(xx邯鄲35中模擬)My brother _ to move the heavy box，but I didnt give up.Areminded BrefusedCagreed Dconsidered()12.(xx秦皇島中考模擬)The girl is greatly interested in the song.The lyrics of it _ her thoughts and feelings.Aexpress BdiscussCexpect Dimagine()13.(xx唐山一模)Im sorry I left my homework at home.Shall I go and _ it?No，you neednt.Bring it here tomorrow.Aget Bsend Ctake Dpass()14.(xx承德中考模擬)Who reached the station on time?I _！ In fact，I arrived there 5 minutes earlier.Awas Breached Cdid Ddo()15.(xx廊坊中考模擬)I dont _ the heat，for Im used to hot weather.Alike Bmind Cknow Dstand()16.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))He is an honest boy.I have no reason to _ what he said.AhearBdoubtCrepeatDbelieve()17.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))It _ about eight minutes for sunlight(陽光)to travel from the sun to the earth.Atakes BspendsCcosts Dpays()18.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))He always doesnt know where to _ for vacation.Ago Blead Cmake Dinvite()19.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))We all know that learning a foreign language _ time and effort.Arequires BreducesCremoves Drepeats()20.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))I got a message saying my phone number won a prize worth $3 ，000.Too good to be true.Dont _ it.Ado Bhold Cmake Dbelieve()21.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Although Lucy is only three years old，she is able to _ herself.Aput Bmake Cwear Ddress()22.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))The local people like that Italian restaurant because it _ both delicious food and good service.Auses BwantsCshares Dprovides第二節(jié)動(dòng)詞短語河北中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢(shì)考查點(diǎn)年份題號(hào)考查角度選項(xiàng)設(shè)置分值動(dòng)詞短語xx35動(dòng)詞短語辨析look for/pay_for/ask for/wait for1分48動(dòng)詞短語辨析give up/put_down/pick up/think about1分xx36get短語辨析get up/get_off/get to/get in1分52動(dòng)詞短語辨析take out/cut off/put down/pick_up1分84動(dòng)詞短語turned_on1分xx41動(dòng)詞短語辨析take down/turn up/take away/turn_off1分53動(dòng)詞短語辨析looking for/worrying about/waiting_for/thinking about1分xx39down短語辨析cut down/look down/turn down/put_down1分201135take短語辨析take out of/take_care_of/take part in/take away from1分河北中考單項(xiàng)選擇題對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語的考查主要偏向take/turn/put/down短語等?？疾樾问街饕性谌齻€(gè)方面：同一動(dòng)詞不同介詞，如xx年36題的get短語，2011年35題的take短語；不同動(dòng)詞同一介詞，如xx年39題的down短語；不同動(dòng)詞不同介詞，如xx年的41題。設(shè)題形式為簡(jiǎn)單句，詞數(shù)多為913。預(yù)測(cè)xx年河北中考的單項(xiàng)選擇題會(huì)考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。河北中考重難點(diǎn)突破【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】()1.Its hot today，isnt it?Yes，it is.Why not _ your jacket?Atake careBtake placeCtake after Dtake off()2.To keep healthy，many people _ every day.Atake a shower Btake prideCtake a look Dtake exercise()3.(xx保定8中模擬)I have _ my watch everywhere.But I cannot find it.Alooked at Blooked upClooked for Dlooked after()4.Again and again the doctor _ the crying baby girl but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her.Alooked over Blooked afterClooked for Dlooked out()5.There arent many tickets left for the concert，so youd better _ that you get one today.Amake sure of Bmake a decisionCmake sure Dmake plans()6.The firemen soon _ the big fire.Aput off Bput upCput out Dput on()7.(xx邯鄲25中模擬)The Olympic Games of xx will _ in Brazil.Atake after Btake offCtake place Dtake away()8.Well _ an English play Snow White during this years Art Festival.Alook up Blook outCput off Dput on()9.Because of the bad weather，we have to _ the meeting till next week.Atake off Bget offCput off Dset off()10.My bike is broken.Could you help me to _？Afix it up Bset it upCmake it up Dput it up()11.The heavy snow didnt _ the international airlines.Apay attention toBadd toCmake a difference toDkeep to()12.This morning I _ some new restaurants on the Internet for I wanted to take Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday.Apicked up Blooked upCcleaned up Dgave up()13.(xx承德2中模擬)Alice，could you help me _ the meat？I want to make some dumplings for dinner.OK.Ill do it right away.Aput up Bgive upCuse up Dcut up()14.Dont _ so often.Its bad for your health.Aget up Bstay upClook up De up()15.He failed in the math test and looks sad.Lets _.Aput him up Bset him upCcheer him up Dclean him up()16.(xx石家莊42中模擬)More and more students _ too much homework and they are really tired of it.Aplain about Bcare aboutClearn about Dhear about()17.Its cold outside._ your sweater before you go out.APut on BTurn onCPut up DGive up()18.The people in Yaan have met lots of difficulties，but they havent _ hope.Apicked up Bgiven upClooked for Dwaited for()19.I am too tired.I dont know how to _ the problem.Acare about Bdeal withCdepend on Dworry about【滿分點(diǎn)撥】動(dòng)詞短語在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞短語辨析是近年來各省市中考?？键c(diǎn)，同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與不同介詞或副詞的搭配、不同動(dòng)詞與同一個(gè)介詞或副詞的搭配會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同意義的動(dòng)詞短語。動(dòng)詞短語的詞義辨析試題旨在通過題干或微型語境考查考生對(duì)上下文的理解、動(dòng)詞短語的不同搭配識(shí)別、記憶及動(dòng)詞短語詞義的辨析并恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞短語的能力。分析河北近5年中考真題可看出單項(xiàng)選擇對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語的考查主要集中在三方面：(1)同一動(dòng)詞不同介詞；(2)不同動(dòng)詞同一介詞；(3)不同動(dòng)詞不同介詞。A同一動(dòng)詞不同介詞。如：get短語：get up，get off，get to，get inturn短語：turn on，turn off，turn up，turn downB不同動(dòng)詞同一介詞。如：cut down，look down，turn down，put downput up，get up，look up，wake upC不同動(dòng)詞不同介詞。如：put on，take off，look for，cut down河北中考考點(diǎn)精練()1.(xx鄂州中考)I hope to be a volunteer on weekends.You could help to _ the city parks.Acheer upBmake upCtake up Dclean up()2.(xx淄博中考)Hurry up! The plane will _ at six oclock.Aput off Btake offCget off Dturn off()3.(xx攀枝花中考)Dont _ too late，or you will feel tired next day.Awake up Bget upCstay up Dshow up()4.(xx撫順中考)Dont worry.I can help you _ your pet cat when you go on a trip.Alook up Blook atClook after Dlook like()5.(xx烏魯木齊中考)Have you read little women yet?Yes.It was so fantastic that I couldnt _.Aput it off Bput it downCput it away Dput it up()6.(xx昆明中考)Waiter，I ordered beef noodles，but I cant see any beef in the noodles!_ your glasses and you can see the beef.APut off BPut upCPut on DPut into()7.(xx隨州中考)As we know，many successful people never _ no matter what difficulties theyve had.Astay up Bcheer upCtake up Dgive up()8.(xx河南中考)Jane is very busy these days，for she has a lot of problems to _.Adeal with Bkeep up withCagree with De up with()9.(xx孝感中考)These problems are too hard to _ .Will you give me some advice?There are many ways.The most important is to have a careful plan.Ahand out Bwork outClook out Dbreak out()10.(xx萊蕪中考)_！ Its not the end of the world.Lets try again.APut up BSet upCCheer up DPick up()11.(xx十堰中考)_these past three years，I remember many things.ALooking up toBLooking outCLooking back atDLooking after()12.(xx宜昌中考)The organization Wild Aid is _ to protect wild animals.It has done a lot so far.Acheered up Bpicked upCtaken up Dset up()13.(xx邢臺(tái)二模)Spring has e.We cant_ the plan.The trees must be planted this week.Aput off Bmake upCe up with Dlook up()14.(xx保定8中模擬)When will _ your new book _？It has not been decided yet.Afind out Be outClook up Dset up()15.(xx唐山9中模擬)This bus doesnt go to the train station.Im afraid youll have to _ at the library and take the A52.Atake off Bput offCget off Dturn off()16.(xx承德2中模擬)Do you _ your son after school?No.He es back home on the school bus.Apick up Blook afterCdrop in Dsend for()17.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))CoCo Lee was born in Hong Kong but _ in America.Apicked up Bgave upCgrew up Ddressed up()18.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))After hours of discussion，we finally_ a new way to solve the problem.Acame up withBcaught up withCkept up withDput up with()19.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))We should think of others if we want to _them.Aget on well withBhear ofCget ready forDhear from()20.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè))Mr.Wang is _ his wallet at home，but he cant find it anywhere.Alooking out Blooking upClooking at Dlooking for第三節(jié)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞河北中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢(shì)考查點(diǎn)年份題號(hào)考查角度選項(xiàng)設(shè)置分值情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法xx28cant的用法may/cant/must/neednt1分xx34cant表示不能cant/mustnt/shouldnt/neednt1分xx34may表請(qǐng)求的用法may/must/should/need1分201136neednt基本用法shouldnt/mustnt/neednt/cant1分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)xx35must表肯定推測(cè)can/may/must/need1分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞為河北歷年的必考點(diǎn)，主要為其基本用法和詞義辨析，如：may在疑問句中表請(qǐng)求，neednt表示沒必要，cant表否定推測(cè)和不能。特別是must的各種用法，如：must表肯定推測(cè)和強(qiáng)制命令。尤其注意在have to和must的問句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to。同時(shí)，也涉及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的運(yùn)用。設(shè)題形式多為單句或?qū)υ捫问剑以~數(shù)為1016。預(yù)計(jì)xx年河北中考的單項(xiàng)選擇題會(huì)出現(xiàn)一道考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法的題，且偏向考查must的用法及其問句的答語。河北中考重難點(diǎn)突破【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】()1.Theres only one day to go.You _ finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.AcanBwillCmustDmay()2.(xx保定17中模擬)Excuse me，sir.You _ open the door before the train stops.Amustnt BneedntCmay not Ddont have to()3.Honey，stay home before I return.I _，Mom.Amust Bcan Cwill Dshould()4.It _ be my book.My book has a signature of mine.Aneednt BmustntCcant Dwont()5.That Tshirt _ be expensive because its designed by a famous designer.Acant BmustntCmust Dshould【滿分點(diǎn)撥】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義，本身并不表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而僅僅表達(dá)說話人的態(tài)度。它在句中須和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法例句can表示能力，意為“能、會(huì)”。Sam can speak English well.Sam英語講得很好。表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句。She cant be at home now because I saw her out.她現(xiàn)在不可能在家，因?yàn)槲铱匆娝鋈チ?。表示?qǐng)求、允許，意為“可以”。Can I borrow your bike？我能借你的自行車嗎？couldcan的過去式，意為“能、會(huì)”，表示過去的能力。Lang Lang could play the piano well when he was young.郎朗很小的時(shí)候鋼琴就彈得非常好。在疑問句中表示委婉的請(qǐng)求Could I have one cup of tea？我可以要一杯茶嗎？must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、應(yīng)該”。You must finish your homework first！你首先必須完成你的家庭作業(yè)！表示有把握的推測(cè)，用于肯定句，表示“一定”。The coat must be Marys because her name was on it.這個(gè)大衣肯定是瑪麗的，大衣上面有她的名字。should/ought to意為“應(yīng)該”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示勸告或建議。We should protect the air fresh.我們應(yīng)該保持空氣清新。You ought to teach them carefully.你應(yīng)該耐心地教導(dǎo)他們。may表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為“可以”。You may sit here if you want.如果你想的話，你可以坐在這兒。表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句中，意為“可能，也許”。She may e back tomorrow，but I am not sure.她可能明天回來，但是我不確定。mightmay的過去式。He asked if he might go home.他問是否他可以回家了。表示請(qǐng)求、許可，語氣比may更委婉。Might I smoke here？我可以在這里吸煙嗎？表示推測(cè)，常用于肯定句，意為“可能、也許”(可能性比may小)。It might rain tomorrow.明天可能有雨。need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。You neednt say sorry to him.你不需要對(duì)他說對(duì)不起。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法一、must和have tohave to表示因外部因素而使得某人“不得不”；must表示主觀上感到“有必要”。此外，must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示“過去”通常用had to，表示將來要用will have to。have/has/had to動(dòng)詞原形，在改否定句或疑問句時(shí)要外加助動(dòng)詞do/does/did。如：She has to stay at home and look after her sick mother.她得待在家里照顧生病的媽媽。Does she have to stay at home and look after her sick mother？她得待在家里照顧她生病的媽媽嗎？Must I go there with you？我必須和你去那兒?jiǎn)幔慷?、can和be able to兩者表“能力”時(shí)用法相同，但can只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式，其他時(shí)態(tài)要用be able to來表示。另外，be able to常常有“做成了某事”的意味。如：Jim cant speak Chinese.吉姆不會(huì)說中文。We will be able to see him next week.下個(gè)星期，我們將會(huì)看到他。三、can和may1can和may均可用來表示請(qǐng)求或許可，意為“可以”，一般可互換使用。如：Can/May I help you？我能幫助你嗎？2can與may表示可能性時(shí)的區(qū)別(1)在肯定句中表推測(cè)時(shí)，may表示具體事情實(shí)際發(fā)生的可能性，can表示客觀的(理論上的)可能性。(2)在疑問句中表推測(cè)時(shí)用can(可能)，不用may。(3)在否定句中表推測(cè)時(shí)用cant(不可能)，may not(可能不)。如：She may be in the classroom.她可能在教室里。Where can they be now？他們現(xiàn)在可能在哪兒？四、maybe和may be前者是副詞，意為“大概，或許”，與perhaps/probably同義；后者屬于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，may與be動(dòng)詞用，意為“或許是”。如：Maybe she is in the office.或許她在辦公室。She may be in the office.她或許是在辦公室。五、cant和mustnt表否定推測(cè)時(shí)應(yīng)用cant。mustnt意為“禁止，不允許”，不用來表推測(cè)，在肯定句中可用must表推測(cè)，意為“一定”。六、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞bedone(過去分詞)”。做題時(shí)要兼顧情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和語態(tài)這兩個(gè)方面的用法。如：More and more trees must be planted in China.在中國(guó)，越來越多的樹必須被種植。注意：(1)由need引出的一般疑問句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用neednt。如：Need I answer the question？需要我回答這個(gè)問題嗎？Yes，you must/have to./No，you neednt.是的，你必須回答。/不，你不需要。(2)need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞及帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式；可用于肯定句、疑問句和否定句中。如：She doesnt need to see the doctor.She just needs a rest.她不需要看醫(yī)生，她只需要休息一下。河北中考考點(diǎn)精練()1.(xx德州中考)Mr.Wang，must I e again to clean the classroom on Sunday?No，you_.I have asked Kate to do it.AcantBmustntCneednt Dshouldnt()2.(xx廣安中考)Look! It _ be David in the classroom.It _ be him.Because I saw him in the library a moment ago.Amay；mustnt Bmust；cantCcan；cant Dmustnt；can()3.(xx保定8中模擬)Harrys been driving all day，he _ be tired.AneedBcanCshallDmust()4.(xx濰坊中考)I have been to the moon twice.You_ be joking! Its impossible!AcanBmayCmustDneed()5.(xx安徽中考)Do you have any plans for this Sunday?Im not sure.I _ go to the countryside to see my grandmother.AcanBmustCmayDneed()6.(xx江西中考)Nathan likes his job because he _enjoy the beauty of nature.Acan BmustCshould Dis supposed to()7.(xx聊城中考)Will Karen e to our party?She hasnt decided yet.She _ e.Aneed Bmust Cmay Dhas to()8.(xx日照中考)You_ go through the security check(安檢) before getting on the train.AcanBmightCmayDmust()9.(xx青島中考)You_ return the book now.You can keep it until next week if you like.Ahave to BcantCmustnt Dneednt()10.(xx綿陽中考)Look! Here es your moms car.It _ be hers.She sold her car yesterday.AmustBcantCneedntDmight()11.(xx保定17中模擬)People _ drive after drinking alcohol(酒)Its against the law.Amustnt BneedntCcouldnt Dwouldnt()12.(xx揚(yáng)州中考)You look pretty in green，Kate.Thank you.I like green.Green _ give me energy.Acan Bmust Cshould Dhas to()13.(xx安徽無錫中考)I think we need to sit down and have a talk.I _ agree more.Lets take the bench over there.Acould BcouldntCshould Dshouldnt()14.(xx上海中考)Mom，_ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow?It is closed on Monday.Amust Bmay Cshould Dneed()15.(xx常州中考)Who will give us the speech on public manners?Mr.Brown _，but Im not sure.Acan Bneed Cmust Dmight()16.(xx石家莊42中模擬)Mom，must I take out the trash now?No，you _.You may take a rest first.Amustnt BcantCshouldnt Ddont have to()17.(xx石家莊一模)The manager says that theres no hot water after 8：00 tonight.You mean we _ go to bed without a shower.How terrible!Acan Bhave to Cmay Dcould()18.(xx承德聯(lián)考)Excuse me.Can you tell me what time it is now?Sorry，I _.My watch doesnt work.Acant Bmay notCmustnt Dneednt()19.(xx石家莊新華一模)Look at the “No parking” sign.You _park your car here.Ashould BmustCneednt Dmustnt()20.(xx唐山路南一模)How nice that Lucy has been invited to the party too!Well，Lucy_ not e.She is not certain whether her mother will allow her to.Amight Bwould Cmust Dneed