表語從句:對主語進(jìn)行解釋說明。在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語,常放在be動(dòng)詞的后面. 引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that (that 不可省略), whether; 代詞有who, what ,which;副詞 when ,where, how, why ,as if, why, because 等.可以接表語從句的系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。另外, 常用的還有the reason why is that 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。 1). The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2). This is why we cant get the support of the people.3). But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4). The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the bus. 1.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. 2.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand _ they insist on going on motor-bike. 3.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. wherewhy what 1.What I want to say is _ you like best. a. that b. whether c. which2. My problem is _ I cant make myself heard. a. if b. what c. that d. whether3. It looks like rain=It looks _ it is going to rain.4. He was ill, that was _ he cannot come to school.as if/though why The Object Clause賓語從句(Revision) 賓語從句：連詞：that, whether，if, who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when, where, how, why.1. I wonder who you are. I find it necessary that we should do the homework.特殊賓語從句：2. Im interested in what you are saying.3. Im afraid (that) I have to go now.4. Provided that you had done it, what harm can you see in it?介詞后的賓語從句某些形容詞后如afraid, pleased surprised非謂語動(dòng)詞或獨(dú)立成分后 注意： 1.含有疑問詞的賓語從句有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?疑問詞+ to do sth.(主句和從句的主語必須一致)I asked the teacher how I should do it.I asked the teacher how to do it. 2. that ?？墒÷?但當(dāng)從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不能省略。如: We believe (that) he is honest.I told him (that) I would come back soon.He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there 3、否定轉(zhuǎn)移1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動(dòng)詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。I dont think I know you.我想我并不認(rèn)識你。I don t believe he will come.我相信他不來。注意：若謂語動(dòng)詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。I hope you werent ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。 2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。It doesnt seem that they know where to go. 看來他們不知道往哪去。It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會碰上好天氣。 3) 注意此類賓語從句的反義疑問句。He does not think that she is beautiful, ? I think you are right, ? 4、 it?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為形式賓語, 而真正的賓語從句則放在句尾, 特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。 We heard it that she would get married next month. Conjunction連 接 詞 that wh- question words if / whetherWord order語 序 Conjunction+Subject+Predicate連 接 詞 主 語 謂 語Tense時(shí) 態(tài) a.主 句 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) ， 從 句 根 據(jù) 句 意b.主 句 過 去 時(shí) ， 從 句 改 成 相 應(yīng) 的 過 去 時(shí) thatwh- question words if / whether 1. He always thinks _ he can do better.（ how, who）2. The teacher told us _ we shouldnt waste water.( if, that)3. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.（ why, how）4. Could you tell me _ you will stay at home or not? (whether, if)howthatwhywhether 1. Could you tell me _ Shanghai is famous for ? A. what B. where C. whether D. how2. Im not sure _ her aunt has been to Paris. A. that B. if C. what D. where3. He has just gone out. I dont know _he will come back. A. how long B. how often C. how fast D. how soon4. He promised _ he would take my advice. A. why B. how C. that D. whether Whats the date today? He asks meHe asks me what the date is today.Did he buy any food yesterday? She asksShe asks if/whether he bought any food yesterday.My brother will go to America. I know I know that my brother will go to America. 1. What will I do next? I havent decided I havent decided _.2. Did you see him off yesterday? I want to know. I want to know _.3. Who has got the first prize? Please tell me. Please tell me_.what I will do nextif you saw him off yesterdaywho has got the first prize 1. I know (that) he _ (join) the League in 1985.2. I see that they _ (play) football over there now.3. Tell me where he _ (live).4.I hear that he_ (come) tomorrow. joinedare playingliveswill come 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般將來時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 過去將來時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. 從 句 表 達(dá) 的 是 客 觀 真 理 ，2 Could(Would) youThe teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.Could you tell me who he is?Light travels faster than sound. ( The teacher told us .)who is he? (Could you tell me.)用 一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí)表 示 語 氣 婉 轉(zhuǎn) He often goes sightseeing on holiday.Jack told me (that) he often went sightseeing on holiday. Jack told me.改 為 賓 語 從 句 改 為 賓 語 從 句Will Miss Li be in charge of our class?The students wondered. The students wondered if Miss Li would be in charge of our class. 改 為 賓 語 從 句What did Father Christmas put in his stocking?He didnt say He didnt say what Father Christmas had put in his stocking. 改 為 賓 語 從 句Did you remember?Has he entered for the contest?Did you remember whether he had entered for the contest? 改 為 賓 語 從 句We soon learnedThey are having a picnic at nine oclock in the morning.We soon learned they were having a picnic at nine oclock in the morning. More practice1. He didnt remember _ his watch. A. where he had put B. where he has put B. where had he put C. where has he put2. I dont know _ last night. A. why they didnt go to the movies B. when they didnt go to the movies C. why didnt they go to the movie D. when didnt they go to the movie3. He asked me _ during the winter holidays. A. where I had gone B. where I had been C. where had I gone D. where had I been 4. Will you please tell me _. A. where Pudong Airport is B. how far Pudong Airport was C. how can we go to Pudong Airport D. when was Pudong Airport built5. Id like to know _. A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English Evening 6. Our class teacher asked the monitor_. A. why didnt Bill come to school B. why doesnt Bill come to school C. why Bill didnt come to school D. why Bill doesnt come to school 7. The boy asked his mother, “Does the earth turn round the sun?” The boy asked his mother _ the earth _ around the sun.8. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your thing?” Jacks mother asked him _ he _ packed his thing if/whetherturns if/whether had 9. She didnt know which she should choose. she didnt know _ _ _. 10. Tell me where I can find him. Tell me _ _ _ him.11. Please tell us what we should do. Please tell us _ _ _ next.which to choosewhere to findwhat to do 1.John comes every Wednesday. ( I know )2. Is Mary in the office? ( I asked )3. Whose answer is right? (Can you tell me . )4. She can answer the question. ( I dont think.) 5. Does Mr Brown live in that house? ( Could you tell us)6. What did he say? ( I didnt hear)7.He will come on time. (I believe)8. Did he work out the problem himself? ( I wonder . ) 9. What are they listening to? ( Did you know.)10. She is feeling much better. (Grandma said.)11. Will he be able to join us? ( I asked.)12. How can I get to your school? ( I didnt know. ) 13. Whats wrong with you? ( I wanted to know.)14. Why was the train late? ( Could you tell me.)15. Why didnt they go to the cinema? ( She asked me. )16. The earth goes around the sun. ( The teacher told us.) 1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) 9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playinghave returned had been travels are talking were were doing 10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Fen told me he _ to Beijing several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been rises did 將 下 列 句 子 合 并 為 一 句 :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. Jim asked if he was doing his homework. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?10. “Where is Tom?” They asked. Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was. 1.He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart.2. My worry is that he can get there on time.3. The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard.4. What we need are time.5. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want. is thatwhetherthatwhichever改錯(cuò)。 用賓語從句或表語從句翻譯下列句子。 1. 老師說月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth.2. 他們都在擔(dān)心是否能按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。 They are all worrying about whether they can get there on time. 3. 我覺得他們按時(shí)完成自己的任務(wù)是很重要的。 I think it is important for them to finish their own task on time.4. 問題是這本書是否有讀的價(jià)值。 The question is whether the book is worth reading. 5. 我不知道湯姆今天早上為什么沒來。 I dont know why Tom didnt come this morning.6. 我的意見是你不應(yīng)單獨(dú)前往。 My opinion is that you should not go alone. 7. 今日的中國不再是過去的中國了。 China today is no longer what she used to be. 8. 那是因?yàn)樗麤]有理解我。 Thats because he didnt understand me. 9. 我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。 My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow morning. 10. 誰知道將來會發(fā)生什么？ Who knows what will happen in the future? 1. He told me _ he would go to college the next year.2. I dont know _ there will be a bus.3. I really dont know _ you should depend on if you dont depend on your parents.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，使下列賓語從句和表語從句意思完整。that / 不填if / whetherwhom / who 4. He didnt tell me _ he would come back from Shanghai next time.5. Let me know _ train youll be arriving on.6. Can you work out _ much we will spend during the trip?7. Make sure _ there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. when whichhowthat 8. We think it necessary _ we take plenty of hot water every day.9. Tom is very lazy. That is _ he didnt pass the exam.10. This is _ we found the strange trees.11. My idea is _ we should all do our best to do everything well.thatwhywhere / howthat 12. It looked _ he had understood this question.13. The reason why I was sad was _ he didnt understand me.14. His first question was _ Mr. Smith had arrived or not.15. We all find it important _ we (should) make a quick decision about this matter. thatas ifthat whether 直 接 引 語 變 間 接 引 語 與 賓 語 從 句 的 關(guān) 系陳 述 句 變 為 that引 導(dǎo) 的 賓 語 從 句e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 直 接 引 語 變 間 接 引 語 與 賓 語 從 句 的 關(guān) 系一 般 疑 問 句 變 為 if (whether)引 導(dǎo) 的 賓 語 從 句e.g. 1. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ”2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall. 直 接 引 語 變 間 接 引 語 與 賓 語 從 句 的 關(guān) 系特殊疑問句變?yōu)閣ho, what, when等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. He asked where I lived. He asked how they could get to the post-office. 注 ： that 在 句 中 無 詞 匯 意 義 ， 在 從 句 中 不 能 充 當(dāng) 成 分 ，在 口 語 當(dāng) 中 往 往 省 略e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小時(shí)后他會回來）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun 由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我們一起去公園）2. Ask him _. （他是否能來）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not當(dāng)句末為or not時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if. 由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及連接副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1. He asked _. (誰 能 回 答 這 個(gè) 問 題）2. Do you know_. （他 們 在 等 誰）3. He asked _. （誰 的 書 法 是 班 上 最 好 的） 5. Do you know _.（地 球 和 月 亮 ， 哪 一 個(gè) 比 較 小）6. Please tell me _. （我 們 什 么 時(shí) 候 開 會）7. Can you tell me _. （他 在 哪 兒）8. Could you tell me _. （我 該 怎 么 去 車 站）9. Would you tell me _（為 什 么 火 車 遲 到 了） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late More practice1. He didnt remember _ his watch. A. where he had put B. where he has put B. where had he put C. where has he put2. I dont know _ last night. A. why they didnt go to the movies B. when they didnt go to the movies C. why didnt they go to the movie D. when didnt they go to the movie3. He asked me _ during the winter holidays. A. where I had gone B. where I had been C. where had I gone D. where had I been 4. Will you please tell me _. A. where Pudong Airport is B. how far Pudong Airport was C. how can we go to Pudong Airport D. when was Pudong Airport built5. Id like to know _. A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English Evening 6. Our class teacher asked the monitor_. A. why didnt Bill come to school B. why doesnt Bill come to school C. why Bill didnt come to school D. why Bill doesnt come to school 7. The boy asked his mother, “Does the earth turn round the sun?” The boy asked his mother _ the earth _ around the sun.8. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your thing?” Jacks mother asked him _ he _ packed his thing if/whetherturns if/whether had 9. She didnt know which she should choose. she didnt know _ _ _. 10. Tell me where I can find him. Tell me _ _ _ him.11. Please tell us what we should do. Please tell us _ _ _ next.which to choosewhere to findwhat to do 1.John comes every Wednesday. ( I know )2. Is Mary in the office? ( I asked )3. Whose answer is right? (Can you tell me . )4. She can answer the question. ( I dont think.) 5. Does Mr Brown live in that house? ( Could you tell us)6. What did he say? ( I didnt hear)7.He will come on time. (I believe)8. Did he work out the problem himself? ( I wonder . ) 9. What are they listening to? ( Did you know.)10. She is feeling much better. (Grandma said.)11. Will he be able to join us? ( I asked.)12. How can I get to your school? ( I didnt know. ) 13. Whats wrong with you? ( I wanted to know.)14. Why was the train late? ( Could you tell me.)15. Why didnt they go to the cinema? ( She asked me. )16. The earth goes around the sun. ( The teacher told us.)