主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ： 表 示 主 語 是 動(dòng) 作 的 執(zhí) 行 者 。 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ： 表示 主 語 是 動(dòng) 作 的 承 受 者 。for example：Many chinese study English.(主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ) English is studied by many chinese.(被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ) 1.一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu) ： is/are+過 去 分 詞Books are made of paper .English is spoken widely in the world.如 何 由 主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 變 成 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 呢 ？ by many Chinese 1.Many Chinese study English.English is studied2.My mother makes shoes in the factory.Shoes are made by my mother in that factory.1.一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu) ： is/are+過 去 分 詞 1.將 主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 賓 語 變 為 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 主 語 。2. 將 主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 謂 語 動(dòng) 詞 由 主 動(dòng) 變 為 被 動(dòng)3. 將 主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 主 語 變 為 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 中 介 詞 by 的 賓 語 放 在 謂 動(dòng) 詞 之 后運(yùn) 用 一 下 吧 They play basketball on weekends.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.Basketball is played by them on weekends.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing. 1. They bought a computer last term by them last term.2.一 般 過 去 時(shí) 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu) ：was/were +過 去 分 詞by us last year.Many trees were plantedA computer was bought They built a tall building last year.He looked after his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom last night.They used the rooms for resting.A tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was looked after by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us last night.The rooms were used for resting by them. 3.一 般 將 來 時(shí) 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu) ： be going to be+過 去 分 詞 will be+過 去 分 詞1.We will finish the work in ten days.by us in ten days.The work will be finished2.He is going to clean the room tomorrow.The room is going to be cleanedby him tomorrow. We will held a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk is going to be given by the headmaster this afternoon. 4.含 有 情 態(tài) 動(dòng) 詞 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu) ：can/may/must/should + be+過 去 分 詞1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Gina can be taken good care of 1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them. 1.Some workers are painting the roomsnowby some workers now.The roomsare being painted 1.We have made a key by us.A key has been made The passive voice 英 語 中 動(dòng) 詞 有 主 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 和 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 兩 種 語 態(tài) . 主 動(dòng) 語態(tài) 表 示 主 語 是 動(dòng) 作 的 執(zhí) 行 者 ,被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 表 示 主 語 是 動(dòng) 作 的承 受 者 , 在 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 中 動(dòng) 作 的 執(zhí) 行 者 有 時(shí) 用 by短 語 表 示出 來 .被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 :助 動(dòng) 詞 be+ (及 物 動(dòng) 詞 的 ) 過 去 分 詞 一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí)一 般 過 去 時(shí)am (is, are) + donewas (were) + done 一 般 將 來 時(shí) shall / will + be + done 過 去 將 來 時(shí) would / should + be + done 現(xiàn) 在 進(jìn) 行 時(shí) am / is / are + being+ done 過 去 進(jìn) 行 時(shí) was / were + being + done 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時(shí) have / has + been + done 過 去 完 成 時(shí) had + been + done 1.帶 雙 賓 語 句 子 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) .一 般 把 間 接 賓 語 變 為被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 主 語 ， 則 另 一 個(gè) 不 動(dòng) 。 如 把 直 接 賓 語變 為 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 的 主 語 則 需 在 間 賓 前 加 for 或 to如 ： 1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 2. I bought him a book. He was bought a book by me. A book was buoght for him by me. 4.主 動(dòng) 結(jié) 構(gòu) 表 被 動(dòng) 含 義1） look . smell . sound . feel . taste 等 作 連 系動(dòng) 詞 用 時(shí) ， 主 動(dòng) 形 式 表 被 動(dòng) 意 義 。Eg. 棉 花 摸 起 來 很 柔 軟 。Cotton feels soft.這 老 婦 人 看 起 來 焦 急 。The old woman looks worried .2) write; read; sell; wash; 等 用 主 動(dòng) 表 被動(dòng) 。 Eg This pen writes well. 這 筆 很 好 用 。這 書 很 暢 銷This book sells well.3) 動(dòng) 詞 need ; require 接 動(dòng) 名 詞 作 賓 語 構(gòu) 成 主 動(dòng) 結(jié) 構(gòu)表 被 動(dòng) 含 義Eg 他 的 鞋 需 要 修 理 。His shoes needed mending.= His shoes needed to be mended. The clothes need washing. = The clothes need to be washed. 接 雙 賓 的 詞 的 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ： 1. Tom gave me a gift yesterday. 被 動(dòng) ： I was given a gift (by Tom) yesterday. Tom gave a gift to me yesterday. 被 動(dòng) ： A gift was given to me yesterday. 2. My father bought me a new dictionary. A new dictionary was bought for me by my father. 填 空 （ 完 成 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) 填 空 ） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （ 改 為 被 動(dòng) 語 態(tài) ） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （ 同 上 ） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . 3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . （ 同 上 ） English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. （ 同 上 ） English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. They will read these story-books next month. （ 同 上 ） These story-books _ _ _ next month. 1.Our school _ in 2002.(開 辦 )2.The young trees must_ _ _ well.3. _ this building_(建 成 )last year?4.The book _ _(寫 )by him last year.5. The bridge _ _(不 建 造 )in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games _ _(舉 行 ) in UK in 2012.was opened be looked afterWas built was writtenwasnt builtwas held