2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法 專題十二 介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)境詞義辨析1Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _ animals both on land and sea？(xx浙江，3)Aabout BtoCwith Dover2Most people work because its unavoidable._，there are some people who actually enjoy work.(xx浙江，10)AAs a result BIn additionCBy contrast DIn conclusion3Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _ Thomas Edison.(xx江蘇，34)Athanks to Bregardless ofCaside from Dbut for4This meeting room is a nonsmoking area.I would like to warn you _ that if you smoked here you would be fined.(xx湖北，30)Ain advance Bin detailCin total Din general5The little pupil took his grandma_ the arm and walked her across the street.(xx陜西，12)Aon BbyCin Dat6A mon memory they all have _ their school days is the school uniform.(xx福建，22)Aof BonCto Dwith考點(diǎn)歸納1幾組常見(jiàn)的介詞短語(yǔ)(1)out of名詞out of question毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；out of the question不可能；out of order次序顛倒；out of sight看不見(jiàn)；out of place不合適；out of pity出于同情；out of curiosity出于好奇(2)in名詞介詞in case of以防萬(wàn)一；in honor of為了紀(jì)念；in favor of支持；in memory of為了紀(jì)念；in charge of負(fù)責(zé)；in terms of從角度；in need of需要；in praise of表?yè)P(yáng)；in view of鑒于；in return for作為對(duì)的回報(bào)；in response to對(duì)的答復(fù)或反應(yīng)(3)to ones情感名詞to ones surprise令某人驚訝的是；to ones joy使某人高興的是；to ones disappointment令某人失望的是；to ones delight使某人高興的是2注意下列短語(yǔ)中介詞的用法for nothing不花錢，免費(fèi)e across the room穿過(guò)房間feel like doing sth.想要做某事get paid by the week按周獲得報(bào)酬be particular about.對(duì)苛求、挑剔with satisfaction滿意地be second to none不輸于任何人；不比任何東西差on ones own獨(dú)自地in great quantity大量地，大批量in great demand需求量很大take a turn for the better正朝更好的方向發(fā)展keep an eye on照看，照料解題方法方法1漢語(yǔ)對(duì)照法在高考試題中，考查的介詞有一大部分是表示方位、范圍的，這就涉及到一些表示方位的介詞，這時(shí)可以根據(jù)其漢語(yǔ)意思來(lái)解答此類試題。(1)Dont you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?Aacross BoverCabove Dthrough 答案A解析句意為：難道你不覺(jué)得這件襯衣肩部太緊了？across the shoulder從肩的一邊到另一邊。over，above指在上方；through指從事物的內(nèi)部穿過(guò)。(2)Sean has formed the habit of jogging _ the treelined avenue for two hours every day.Abetween BalongCbelow Dwith 答案B解析句意為：Sean已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了每天沿林蔭大道慢跑兩個(gè)小時(shí)的習(xí)慣。between在兩者之間；along沿著；below在下方；with與在一起，用，隨著。(3)Four Chinese models were _ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel petition.Aamong BbetweenCalong Dbeside 答案A解析句意為：在周五世界超模大賽上，四位中國(guó)模特躋身14位獲獎(jiǎng)選手當(dāng)中。among位于(兩者以上)之間；between在兩者之間；along沿著；beside在旁邊。方法2固定短語(yǔ)法關(guān)于介詞的固定搭配，在解答試題時(shí)，要注意從句子中找出中心詞匯，也就是這個(gè)詞和選項(xiàng)中的詞能夠構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定搭配，符合句子意思，這樣問(wèn)題就會(huì)很快解決。(1)My father warned me _ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.Aby BonCfor Dagainst 答案D解析句意為：爸爸警告我不要去西海岸，因?yàn)槟抢飻D滿了游客。warn sb.against doing sth.warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事。(2)A great man shows his greatness _ the way he treats little men.Aunder BwithCon Dby 答案D解析句意為：一位偉人的偉大之處往往通過(guò)他對(duì)待小人物的方式體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。by表示方式，意為“靠，用，通過(guò)”。方法3利用置入法解決介詞短語(yǔ)的相關(guān)題目關(guān)于介詞短語(yǔ)的相關(guān)題目，一般采用將介詞短語(yǔ)置入句子，進(jìn)行逐一翻譯的方法。解決此類題目的關(guān)鍵就是平時(shí)多積累相關(guān)知識(shí)，然后讀懂題干的含義。(1)I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just_.Aby nature Bin returnCin case Dby chance答案C解析句意為：我估計(jì)我們以前討論過(guò)此事，不過(guò)我再問(wèn)你一次只是以防(免)我記錯(cuò)了。by nature生來(lái)，本來(lái)；in return作為報(bào)答；in case以防萬(wàn)一，以免；by chance偶然地，意外地。由句意可以看出，in case為最佳答案。(2)_ his being late again，he lost his job and had to stay at home.AOwe to BAs result ofCIn case of DBecause of答案D解析根據(jù)句意可知，逗號(hào)前應(yīng)為原因狀語(yǔ)，故C項(xiàng)不對(duì)；A項(xiàng)應(yīng)為owing to；B項(xiàng)應(yīng)為as a result of。故只有D項(xiàng)正確。提醒：完成作業(yè)強(qiáng)化練(十二)強(qiáng)化練(十二)強(qiáng)化練(十二)介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)(建議用時(shí)：12分鐘)1_ the previous approach to offering lowcost models to the market，Chinese car makers are focusing on displaying alternative energydriven vehicles to meet environmental concerns.(xx泰州二模，34)AWith regard to BOn account ofCIn contrast to DIn response to2He abandoned teaching _ a career as a musician.(xx南京、鹽城二模，28)Ain favor of Bin terms ofCwith regard to Dwith reference to3_ his broken legs，Tom was forced to abandon the ing provincial sports meeting，which made him very depressed.(xx揚(yáng)州一模，32)AIn case of BIn terms ofCOn top of DOn account of4A great deal of hotel business es from not only people travelling for holidays but people travelling _ their business activities.(xx南京、鹽城一模，32)Ain harmony with Bin conflict withCby order of Dby virtue of5The campaign is _ only partially successful，so we have to keep on working hard.(xx南通、連云港二模，22)Aat last Bat latestCat least Dat best6_their cultures，Americans have taken over from the Indians many other things.(xx蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模，22)AOn behalf of BIn praise ofCIn possession of DOn top of7Are you going on a visit to New Zealand next Saturday?I havent decided yet.It is still _.(xx南通第二次調(diào)研，31)Ain the air Bbetween the linesCto the point Dover the moon8The record about the massacre(大屠殺) is fairly clear and beyond dispute _ those activities the Japanese soldiers were involved in.(xx蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模，28)Ain memory of Bwith assistance ofCwith respect to Din place of9Why have they been working on the project for so long?_ safety.Nothing is as important as that，you know.AOn the point of BAt the mercy ofCFor the sake of DIn the presence of10_ the warning message，more lives would have been lost in the flood.ABut for BExcept forCRegardless of DInstead of11He has set us a good example by serving people heart and soul，_ his personal gain and loss.Ain terms of Bregardless ofCin favor of Dby means of12At the ceremony，the president delivered a thankyou speech _ the pany.Aon account of Bin charge ofCon behalf of Din terms of13On the way home last night，Sarah struggled through the wind，rain beating _ her face.Aabove BagainstCupon Dbeyond14Bob is kind，hardworking and intelligent；_，I cant speak too highly of him.Aas a result Bin a wordCby the way Don the contrary15It is known that theory is based on practice and _ serves practice.Ain need Bin returnCin turn Din place16_ the culture gap and language differences，we still can understand each other through our body languages.ARegarding BDespiteCWithout DConsidering17My phone was _ and I didnt realize it until this morning.No wonder I couldnt get through last night.Aout of date Bout of placeCout of order Dout of reach18Im waiting for the group to decide our traveling plan _ making it myself.Arather than Bother thanCapart from Dfar from19It is _ ill health that she is now not so active in the movement.Ainstead of Bin place ofCthanks to Din face of20People in the south live on rice._，they eat a great deal of fruit.AIn addition BIn agreementCIn conclusion DIn condition學(xué)生用書(shū)答案精析專題十二介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)1B本題考查固定搭配。句意為：你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)是海陸兩棲動(dòng)物棲息地的樹(shù)嗎？be home to為固定搭配，意為“是的棲息地，是的家園”。2C考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：大多數(shù)人工作因?yàn)檫@是無(wú)法避免的，相比之下，也有一些人確實(shí)喜歡工作。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示前后對(duì)比。by contrast相比之下，符合語(yǔ)境。as a result結(jié)果；in addition另外，此外；in conclusion總之。3D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：如果沒(méi)有托馬斯愛(ài)迪生的話，我們現(xiàn)在所受益的許多東西是不會(huì)出現(xiàn)的。thanks to幸虧，由于；regardless of不管，不顧；aside from除了，除以外；but for要不是，如果沒(méi)有的話。由句意知選D項(xiàng)。4A本題考查“in名詞”型短語(yǔ)意義辨析。句意為：這個(gè)會(huì)議室是“無(wú)煙區(qū)”。我想提前提醒你，如果你在這里吸煙，你將會(huì)被罰款。根據(jù)題干中that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可知，說(shuō)話者是在“提前”告訴對(duì)方這一事實(shí)，所以選擇in advance。in detail詳細(xì)地；in total總共；in general一般來(lái)說(shuō)。5B句意為：那個(gè)小學(xué)生攙著奶奶的胳膊，送她過(guò)了街道?！皠?dòng)詞sb.介詞the人體部位”是習(xí)慣用法，根據(jù)身體的不同的部位變化介詞，如：pat sb.on the head，hit sb.in the face等。6A考查介詞的用法。句意為：他們對(duì)校園歲月的共同記憶就是校服。本句使用了have a memory of這一搭配，意為“對(duì)的記憶”。二輪專題強(qiáng)化練答案精析強(qiáng)化練(十二)介詞與介詞短語(yǔ)1C考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：為了消除人們對(duì)環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂，與以前為市場(chǎng)提供低成本型號(hào)的方法形成對(duì)比，現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)汽車制造者正集中注意力展示可替代能源驅(qū)動(dòng)車輛。with regard to關(guān)于；on account of由于；in response to對(duì)作出回應(yīng)；in contrast to與對(duì)比，此處就是指前后兩種方法的對(duì)比，故選C項(xiàng)。2A句意為：為了把音樂(lè)作為自己的職業(yè)，他放棄了教學(xué)。in terms of就而言；with regard to關(guān)于。with reference to關(guān)于；in favor of贊同，支持，符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。3D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：由于腿受傷，湯姆被迫放棄即將到來(lái)的省運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，這使得他非常沮喪。in case of如果，假使；in terms of就而言；on top of除之外；on account of由于，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。4D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：很多旅館生意不僅是來(lái)自度假旅游的人，也有因?yàn)樯虡I(yè)活動(dòng)來(lái)旅游的人。in harmony with與一致；in conflict with和沖突；by order of按照的命令。by virtue of由于，因?yàn)?，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)。5D句意為：這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役充其量?jī)H僅取得階段性成功，因此我們必須繼續(xù)努力。at last最后；at latest最近；at least至少；at best充其量，最多。根據(jù)題干中的only partially可判斷選D。6D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：除了他們的文化，美國(guó)人還從印第安人那里奪取了很多其他的東西。on behalf of代表；in praise of表?yè)P(yáng)，贊揚(yáng)；in possession of擁有，占有。on top of除了還有，此處相當(dāng)于besides，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)。7A考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：下個(gè)周六你要去新西蘭參觀嗎？我還沒(méi)決定呢。這還懸而未決。between the lines字里行間，言外之意；to the point中肯，切題；over the moon欣喜若狂。in the air懸而未決，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。8C考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：至于日本士兵參與的那些活動(dòng)，大屠殺的記錄是相當(dāng)清楚和不容置疑的。in memory of為了紀(jì)念；with assistance of在的協(xié)助下；in place of代替。with respect to至于，談到，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。9C考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：他們?yōu)槭裁丛谶@項(xiàng)工程上花這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間??？為了安全起見(jiàn)。你知道，沒(méi)什么和安全一樣重要的了。for the sake of.為了起見(jiàn)，符合題意。on the point of正要的時(shí)候；at the mercy of任擺布；in the presence of在面前，都不符合題意。10A考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：要不是警告信息，洪災(zāi)中將會(huì)失去更多的生命。but for要不是；except for除了以外(從整體中去除一部分)；regardless of不管；instead of而不是。故選A。11B考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：他不顧個(gè)人得失，全心全意為人民服務(wù)，給我們樹(shù)立了良好的榜樣。in terms of就而言；regardless of不管，不顧；in favor of贊同；by means of通過(guò)的方法。故選B。12C考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：在開(kāi)幕式上，董事長(zhǎng)代表公司作了演講，表達(dá)感激之情。on account of因?yàn)?，由于，基于；in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，掌管；on behalf of代表；in terms of就而言。故選C。13B句意為：昨晚回家路上，Sarah在風(fēng)中掙扎著前進(jìn)，雨水拍打在她的臉上。above在之上；against襯托，靠著，反對(duì)，逆著，碰，撞；upon相當(dāng)于on；beyond指“超出，在能力范圍以外”。根據(jù)句意可判斷B項(xiàng)正確。14B考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：Bob是個(gè)善良的、工作努力且勤奮的人，總之，我怎么夸獎(jiǎng)他都不過(guò)分。as a result結(jié)果；in a word總之；by the way順便問(wèn)一下；on the contrary正相反。由句意可知選B項(xiàng)。15C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：眾所周知，理論是以實(shí)踐為基礎(chǔ)，反過(guò)來(lái)又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。in need處于困難中；in return作為回報(bào)；in turn反過(guò)來(lái)；in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩Ｓ删湟饪芍xC項(xiàng)。16B考查介詞。句意為：盡管有文化上的隔閡和語(yǔ)言的差異，但是我們通過(guò)身勢(shì)語(yǔ)仍然能彼此理解。根據(jù)前后句意可知此處有“盡管但是”的意思，故答案B合適。regarding關(guān)于，就而論；despite盡管；without沒(méi)有，缺乏；considering考慮到，就而論。17C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。第一句句意為：我的手機(jī)壞了，直到今天早晨我才意識(shí)到。out of date過(guò)時(shí)；out of place不合適；out of order壞了；out of reach夠不著。由句意知選C。18A考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：我正在等著那伙人決定我們的旅行計(jì)劃而不是我自己制定。rather than而不是；other than除了；apart from除了；far from遠(yuǎn)非。由句意知選A。19C考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：正是由于不健康，她現(xiàn)在不能積極參與活動(dòng)。thanks to由于，多虧，符合句意。20A考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意為：南方人以大米為生。此外，他們還吃大量的水果。in addition此外，符合句意。in agreement贊同；in conclusion總之；in condition健康，狀況良好。