2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)聚焦 Unit 2 English around the world習(xí)題 新人教版必修1.閱讀理解(xx江南十校聯(lián)考)The number of American students who learned a language other than English decreased by about 100,000 between xx and xx. For many, taking a class in economics might seem more beneficial than a French course. But is it real?The Chinese dialects bined already have more native speakers than any other language, followed by Hindi and Urdu. English es next with 527 million native speakers. Arabic is spoken by nearly 100 million more native speakers than Spanish, which has 389 million speakers.Which languages will dominate the future? Predictions vary, depending on your location and purpose.You want to make money in growth markets? These will be your languages.A recent UK.focused report features languages spoken in the socalled BRIC countriesBrazil, Russia, India, Chinathat are usually known as the worlds biggest emerging economies. Hindi, Bengali, Urdu and Indonesian will control much of the business world by 2050, followed by Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic and Russian. If you want to get the most money out of your language course, studying one of the languages listed above is probably a safe bet.You want to speak to as many people as possible? How about Chinese, Spanish or French?1Chinese. Although Chinese has three times more native speakers than English, its still not as evenly spread over the world. Moreover, Chinese is rarely used in sciences and difficult to read and write.2. Spanish. Spanish makes up for a lack of native speakerspared with Chinaby being particularly popular as a second language, taught in schools around the world.3. French. French has lost grounds in some regions and especially in Europe in the last decades. French, however, could gain influence again if west Africa where it is frequently spoken were to bee more politically stable and economically attractive.文章大意：本文介紹12種語(yǔ)言在世界擁有的人數(shù)以及它們的主要地位和作用。1How many native speakers of Arabic are there?A100 million.B389 million.C489 million.D527 million.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話“Arabic is spoken by nearly 100 million more native speakers than Spanish, which has 389 million speakers.”可知，選C。2Those who want to make money in growth market might be more interested in _.ASpanish, Arabic and ChineseBBengali, Urdu and IndonesianCPortuguese, German and FrenchDJapanese, Italian and Chinese答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話可知，選B。3What do we know about Spanish from the passage?AIt is learnt mostly by themselves.BIts popular as a second language.CIt is widely spoken by native speakers.DIt will be spoken most in the business world答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段對(duì)Spanish的介紹可知，選B。4Whats the authors attitude towards foreign language learning?AFavorable.BNegative.CDoubtful.DNeutral.答案：A作者態(tài)度題。通過(guò)作者對(duì)各種語(yǔ)言的地位和作用的描述可以看出作者持贊同的態(tài)度。.完形填空(xx蘭州實(shí)戰(zhàn)考試)Many students often say that they dont have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork.My _1_ is often brief, “You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about _2_ twentyfour hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not an _3_ explanation of _4_ something done._5_ in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors _6_ saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “Thats irrelevant (無(wú)關(guān)緊要的). _7_ is important is the _8_ of your work.” Since then I have had time to think carefully about the trick (訣竅) of “_9_”， and I have e to some _10_all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, _11_， the matter of “time”， which we can think of _12_. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, its not how hard one works _13_ the quality of the product thats important.That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That _14_ is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someones office: “Dont work harder. _15_.” There is a lot of sense in that idea.If you cant get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of _16_ time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means “homework”， the expression “work habits” should be read as “_17_ habits”Then, as a smart student, you will _18_ those skills that you use in study, _19_ reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that _20_ in all your studies.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。每個(gè)人每天擁有的時(shí)間都是相同的，那么想把事情做好就要有一定的技巧。作者認(rèn)為：不要苦干，而要巧干。1A.questionBideaCreplyDkey答案：C根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知，此處是對(duì)上文很多同學(xué)說(shuō)沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間做功課這一問(wèn)題的答復(fù)(reply)。2A.there beingBthere areCthere beDthere to be答案：A介詞后面應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞，因此此處用there being的形式。3A.strangeBacceptableCsurprisingDdemanding答案：B每個(gè)人都是一天擁有24小時(shí)，因此“沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間”是一個(gè)不可接受的解釋。strange“奇怪的”；acceptable“可接受的”；surprising“令人驚奇的”；demanding“苛求的，要求過(guò)高的”。4A.no gettingBnot gettingCno lettingDnot letting答案：B此處介詞后面應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞，對(duì)動(dòng)名詞的否定其前應(yīng)加not；此處是考查“get sth. done”的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此選not getting。5A.Since thenBJust nowCEverDOnce答案：D此處敘述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，因此選Once“曾經(jīng)”。since then“自從那之后”常與完成時(shí)的句子連用；just now“剛才”；ever“在任何時(shí)候”，常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句、比較結(jié)構(gòu)或帶if的句子中。6A.byBinConDupon答案：Aby表示“通過(guò)，以”。7A.ThatBWhatCWhetherDIf答案：B重要的是你工作的質(zhì)量。“_7_ is important”是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此此處用what引導(dǎo)從句。8A.quantityBamountCnumberDquality答案：D參見(jiàn)上題解析，此處應(yīng)填quality“質(zhì)量”。quantity“數(shù)量”；amount“數(shù)額，數(shù)量”；number“數(shù)字”。13空后的“quality”也是提示。9A.hard workerBhonest studentCbusy presidentDfuture graduate答案：A根據(jù)上文教授的回答可知，此處是說(shuō)“我”在思考勤奮工作的人的訣竅。hard worker“勤奮工作的人”，符合語(yǔ)境。10A.constructionsBcontributionsCconclusionsDconcentrations答案：C根據(jù)破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容可知，“我”在思考后，得出了一些結(jié)論。construction“建造物”；contribution“貢獻(xiàn)”；conclusion“結(jié)論”；concentration“集中，聚集”。11A.of courseBin factCas a resultDas a whole答案：A根據(jù)上文提到的與時(shí)間相關(guān)可知，此處是說(shuō)當(dāng)然是時(shí)間的問(wèn)題。of course“當(dāng)然”；in fact“事實(shí)上”；as a result“結(jié)果”；as a whole“總的來(lái)說(shuō)”。12A.if followedBif fixedCas followedDas fixed答案：D我們認(rèn)為時(shí)間是固定的(as.fixed)。此處是think of.as.“認(rèn)為是”。13A.soBbutCnorDand答案：B正像教授建議的那樣，一個(gè)人工作那么努力并不重要，重要的是產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。此處考查的是短語(yǔ)“not.but.”的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是而是”。14A.conceptBsenseCexplanationDsolution答案：A根據(jù)上文的“我”的新想法可知，應(yīng)選concept“觀念，想法”。sense“意義”；explanation“解釋”；solution“解決方法”。15A.Work smarterBWork fasterCThink twiceDThink aloud答案：A根據(jù)上文可知，“我”說(shuō)的是不要苦干，而要巧干。Work smarter“更加聰明地工作”，符合語(yǔ)境。16A.a littleBthe moreCthe lessDthe same答案：D那就意味著想辦法從同樣多的時(shí)間里得到更多。17A.livingBstudyCthinkingDsleeping答案：B既然對(duì)于學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)“工作”通常意味著“家庭作業(yè)”，那“工作習(xí)慣”就應(yīng)該被理解為“學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”。18A.seek improvingBseek to improveCfind improvingDfind to improve答案：B作為一個(gè)聰明的學(xué)生，你應(yīng)該努力尋求方法來(lái)提高這些在學(xué)習(xí)上使用的技能。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：seek to do sth.，符合語(yǔ)境。19A.chieflyBbrieflyCactuallyDoccasionally答案：A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在學(xué)習(xí)上的技能主要是閱讀和寫(xiě)作。chiefly“主要地”；briefly“簡(jiǎn)要地”；actually“事實(shí)上”；occasionally“偶爾”。20A.are paidBis paidCpays offDpay off答案：D如果你學(xué)會(huì)了更好地閱讀和寫(xiě)作，那么會(huì)有極大的好處來(lái)回報(bào)你學(xué)習(xí)的各個(gè)方面。短語(yǔ)pay off“回報(bào)”，符合語(yǔ)境；再根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that指代的先行詞benefits可知，應(yīng)選D。.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(xx洛陽(yáng)統(tǒng)考)How do learning habits influence learning results? Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous _1_(say)“Good habits lead to good endings”， which shows the importance of habits.“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also _2_(show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge _3_(include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitude _4_ the content of our learning. _5_(obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habitskeeping _6_ learning diary every day. We can start the habit by _7_(write)a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, _8_ gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.Whats _9_(much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits _10_ well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣會(huì)影響學(xué)習(xí)效果，本文就如何養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣給我們提出了建議。答案：1saying考查名詞。there is a famous saying表示“有一句名言”。2shows考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子的主語(yǔ)為：“An apple a day keeps the doctor away”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。3included考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。high scores and abundant knowledge和include之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。4to/towards考查介詞。attitude to/towards表示“對(duì)的態(tài)度”。5Obviously考查副詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。6a考查固定搭配。keep a diary“記日記”。7writing考查動(dòng)名詞。by為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。8and考查固定句型。這是一個(gè)固定句型“祈使句and陳述句”。9more考查固定詞組。whats more表示“而且”。10as考查固定搭配。as well表示“還”。.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加，刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(xx青島市一模)English has always been my most favorite subject, so I signed up for the school English speech petition with hesitation. Since I was confident that I would win a prize easy, I didnt spend much time get myself fully prepared. However, as soon as I stepped on the stage, word escaped me. As result, my performance couldnt be worse. The unexpected failure brought myself endless regret and shame. Just then my English teacher came to me and says, “Pride es before a fall”. I was deeply touched by her words, that I would treasure forever. Indeed, the contest was not only a shock to me and a harvest as well.答案：English has always been my most favorite subject, so I signed up for the school English speech petition hesitation. Since I was confident that I would win a prize ， I didnt spend much time myself fully prepared. However, as soon as I stepped on the stage, escaped me. As result, my performance couldnt be worse. The unexpected failure brought endless regret and shame. Just then my English teacher came to me and ， “Pride es before a fall”. I was deeply touched by her words, I would treasure forever. Indeed, the contest was not only a shock to me a harvest as well.1命題立意：考查形容詞。解析：去掉mostfavorite本身就是最高級(jí)含義。2命題立意：考查介詞。解析：withwithoutwithout hesitation毫不猶豫。3命題立意：考查形容詞與副詞。解析：easyeasily修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞。4命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析：getgettingspend time doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事。5命題立意：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。解析：wordwordswords話，word消息，誓言。6命題立意：考查冠詞。解析：result前加aas a result結(jié)果，因此。7命題立意：考查代詞。解析：myselfme此處是賓語(yǔ)，而且主要并不是I，所以不用反身代詞，而用其賓格形式。8命題立意：考查時(shí)態(tài)。解析：sayssaid由全文時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。9命題立意：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。解析：thatwhich非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用which，不用that。10命題立意：考查連詞。解析：andbut由前后句意可知，應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。