2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)聚焦 Unit 3 Life in the future習(xí)題 新人教版必修5.閱讀理解(xx廣東四校第一次聯(lián)考)See a cellphone cover that you like on Taobao? Forget about placing an order, paying the bill online and waiting for days for it to be delivered to you. In the near future, youll be able to get it in minutes just by hitting “print” on your puter.You might find it hard to believe that you could actually “print” an object like you would a picture. But it is not that hard to understand how it would work. Just as a traditional printer sprays (噴) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.Instead of ink, the materials the 3D printer uses are mainly plastic, resin(樹(shù)脂) and certain metals. The thinner each layer isfrom a millimetre to less than the width of a hairthe smoother and finer the object will be.This may sound like a pletely new technology, but the truth is that 3D printing has been around since the late 1980s. Back then, it was barely affordable for most people, so few knew about it.Last year, though, saw a big change in the 3D printing industryprinters became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3D printer might have cost 20, 000, while now they cost only about 1, 000, according to the BBC.Taken out of the factory and introduced to more diverse and mon uses, 3D printing can create just about anything you can think offlutes (笛子), bikinis, jewelry, aircraft parts and even human organs. In fact, scientists from Cornell University in New York have just made an artificial ear using a 3D printer, according to Science Daily. The fake ear looks and acts exactly like a natural one.However, as 3D printing bees more mon, it may bring about certain problemssuch as piracy. “Once you can download a coffee maker, or print out a new set of kitchen utensils (餐具) on your personal 3D printer, who will visit a retail (零售的) store again? ”an expert in 3D printing told Forbes News. Even more frightening, what if anyone in the world could use a 3D printer to print out a fully functioning gun?文章大意：本文介紹了3D打印機(jī)的使用材料和工作原理等，它在未來(lái)的廣泛使用能夠改變?nèi)藗兊纳睿瑫r(shí)也會(huì)產(chǎn)生盜版行為等問(wèn)題。1According to the article, in the future, the 3D printing technology will _.Aenable people to make better purchases onlineBchange the way we make many productsCbe applied as widely in our daily life as putersDshorten the time it takes for people to get what they buy online答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Just as a traditional printer sprays(噴) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.”可知，未來(lái)的3D打印機(jī)會(huì)改變我們生產(chǎn)很多產(chǎn)品的方式。2What happened in the 3D printing industry last year?AThe 3D printing technology was taken out of the factory.BThe 3D printing technology began to be used in various fields.CThe 3D printer was used for medical treatment for the first time.DThe 3D printer became more affordable for consumers.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Last year, though，saw a big change in the 3D printing industryprinters became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3D printer might have cost 20,000, while now they cost only about 1,000, according to the BBC.”可知，去年的3D打印機(jī)變得很便宜了。3How is the last paragraph developed?ABy giving examples.BBy making parisons.CBy analyzing the cause and effect.DBy presenting research findings.答案：A篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)最后一段中such as piracy和專(zhuān)家所說(shuō)的話(huà)可知，本段使用了舉例說(shuō)明的方法。4What is the best title of the passage?AGreat Demand for 3D PrintersBTechnology in the FutureCOnline Shopping DisappearingDPrinting out Everything答案：D主旨大意題。本文主要講述了3D打印機(jī)在未來(lái)的廣泛使用能夠改變?nèi)藗兊纳睢?七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。(xx北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)第一次綜合練習(xí))Virtual teams are a great way to enable teamwork in situations where people are not sitting in the same office at the same time._1_ This is particularly so for businesses that use virtual teams to build global presence, or need less mon skills or knowledge from people who are unwilling to travel.Virtual teams are governed by the same basic principles as traditional teams. _2_ It is the way the team members municate. They rely on special munication channels enabled by modern technologies, such as emails, faxes, and teleconferences, and alike. Due to more limited munication channels, the success of virtual teams is much more sensitive to the type of project the group works on, what people are selected, and how the team is managed._3_ One challenging case is the projects that rely heavily on integrated work. That is to say, when each persons work depends significantly on what someone else is doing at the same moment, like in a sports team, there is an ongoing heavy exchange of information in real time, and the tasks have to go through a strict order within a short time.Not everyone can perform well in a virtual team environment. _4_ Another important quality is munication skills. The team members must be able to municate clearly and positively.Managers of virtual teams need to pay much more attention to having clear goals，performance standards, and munication rules. People have various assumptions on what to expect from each other._5_ One of the biggest challenges of virtual teams is building trust between the team members. Trust is important for unblocking munication between members and increasing motivation of each person in the team. The issue of trust needs special attention at any stage of team existence.AYet, there is one significant difference.BNot every type of project is suitable for a virtual team.CA virtual team can choose whatever project they like to work on.DThe members must be selfmotivated and able to work independently.ESuch teams are now widely used by panies and organizations to cut business costs.FMembers of virtual teams municate quite well although they never meet face to face.GTo avoid misunderstanding, clear rules that everyone understands and agrees on are necessary.文章大意：本文為說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了虛擬團(tuán)隊(duì)的含義、規(guī)則和作用。1E“這樣的團(tuán)隊(duì)現(xiàn)在被企業(yè)和組織廣泛采用以節(jié)約成本”。本空出現(xiàn)在第一段，因此很可能是對(duì)前面提出的“virtual team”這樣的概念進(jìn)行的進(jìn)一步的解釋說(shuō)明。而本空后面出現(xiàn)的 This is particularly so for business that. 出現(xiàn)了代詞 This線索，指代的就是前面說(shuō)的“虛擬團(tuán)隊(duì)”的特性就是“節(jié)約成本”，E項(xiàng)符合題意，故選E。2A“然而，兩種溝通卻有明顯的不同”。本空后面出現(xiàn)的It is the way the team members municate.中It 代詞指代的就是 difference，故選A。3B并不是所有的項(xiàng)目對(duì)于“虛擬團(tuán)隊(duì)”都是適合的。本空后面出現(xiàn)的：One challenging case，是關(guān)鍵詞，后面段落中舉例：like in a sport team.更加印證了 B 選項(xiàng)。4D成員必須能夠“自我激勵(lì)”并“獨(dú)當(dāng)一面”。本空后面的 Another important quality 說(shuō)明本空應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是成員所具有的能力。D選項(xiàng)符合題意。5G為了避免誤解，明確每個(gè)人都理解并接受的規(guī)則是十分必要的。前面出現(xiàn)的 assumptions跟G選項(xiàng)中的 misunderstanding 對(duì)應(yīng)。故選G。.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(xx江西省上饒市三模)Over the years Ive been teaching the _1_(Britain)kids about a simple but powerful concept the ant philosophy(哲學(xué)), an _2_(amaze)fourpart philosophy.First, ants never quit. If theyre heading somewhere and you try to stop them, theyll climb over, theyll climb under, or theyll climb around. They never quit _3_(look) for a way to get to where they _4_(suppose)to go! Second, ants think about winter and summer. They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making _5_(prepare)for the long cold winter. So you have to think about storms in summer; think about rocks _6_ you enjoy the sand and sun. Third, ants think about summer all winter. During the winter, they remind _7_，“ This wont last long and well soon be out of here. ”O(jiān)n the first warm day, the ants are out. If it _8_(turn)cold again, theyll dive back down. But they e out again if it is warm. Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it _9_(possible) can. _10_ you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：本文通過(guò)螞蟻的故事告訴我們：只要不放棄，堅(jiān)持積極的態(tài)度，你就能做到任何你想做的事情。1命題立意：考查形容詞用法。答案： British 根據(jù)空后的名詞判斷應(yīng)用形容詞形式，故填British 。2命題立意：考查形容詞。答案： amazing用ving形式修飾物。此處意為“一個(gè)令人震驚的四段哲學(xué)”。3命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。答案： looking根據(jù)quit后跟動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)判斷應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞ing形式，故填looking。4命題立意：考查固定短語(yǔ)用法。答案：are supposed 根據(jù)詞組be supposed to do sth.“應(yīng)該做某事”判斷填are supposed。5命題立意：考查名詞用法。答案：preparations根據(jù)詞組make preparations for“為做準(zhǔn)備”，故填 preparations。6命題立意：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。答案：when/as/while根據(jù)空前后兩個(gè)分句之間的關(guān)系判斷。故填 when/as/while。7命題立意：考查代詞用法。答案：themselves根據(jù)該句的主語(yǔ)they判斷，故填themselves。8命題立意：考查時(shí)態(tài)用法。答案：turns根據(jù)if條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，題干中的主句Theyll dive back down可知填 turns。9命題立意：考查副詞用法。答案：possibly根據(jù)該句是省略句，需要副詞修飾情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can判斷填possibly。 10命題立意：考查主語(yǔ)從句。答案：What根據(jù)空后是主語(yǔ)從句，且從句中l(wèi)earn后缺少賓語(yǔ)判斷填what。.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加，刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(xx黑龍江哈六中檢測(cè))Nowadays, with the growing popularity of puters, students were paying less and less attention to handwriting.According to a recently survey, many students dont want to improve their handwriting for various reason. 52 percent of them think that they can just use a puter, so it is no need to waste time improving our handwriting. 32 percent believe that they are too busy with the study that they have no time to practicing, and 16 percent think that practicing handwriting is useless. As the saying went, writing style shows the man. Beautiful and neat handwriting is great benefit, especially for students. Therefore, in my opinion, the more importance should be attached to handwriting from now on.答案：Nowadays, with the growing popularity of puters, students paying less and less attention to handwriting.According to a survey, many students dont want to improve their handwriting for various . 52 percent of them think that they can just use a puter, so is no need to waste time improving handwriting. 32 percent believe that they are busy with the study that they have no time to ， and 16 percent think that practicing handwriting is useless. As the saying ， writing style shows the man. Beautiful and neat handwriting is great benefit, especially for students. Therefore, in my opinion, the more importance should be attached to handwriting from now on.1命題立意：考查時(shí)態(tài)。解析：wereare本文針對(duì)當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)象發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)，應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2命題立意：考查形容詞與副詞。解析：recentlyrecent修飾名詞要用形容詞。3命題立意：考查名詞。解析：reasonreasonsvarious意為“各種各樣的”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。4命題立意：考查句式。解析：ittherethere is no need to do sth.意為“沒(méi)有必要做某事”，是固定用法。5命題立意：考查代詞。解析：ourtheir上文主語(yǔ)是students，本句中的them和they均指代students，此處應(yīng)與上文保持一致。故改為their。6命題立意：考查連詞。解析：toososo.that.為固定搭配，意為“如此以至于”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。7命題立意：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析：practicingpracticehave no time to do sth.為固定用法，意為“沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某事”。8命題立意：考查時(shí)態(tài)。解析：wentgoes根據(jù)上下文可知，本文時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故改為goes。9命題立意：考查形容詞。解析：is后加of或abe of/a great benefit為固定搭配，意為“有很大益處”。10命題立意：考查冠詞。解析：去掉theattach importance to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“重視”，importance前不加冠詞。