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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第四部分 寫(xiě)作 專題二 基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作 第2講 并列句及復(fù)合句的寫(xiě)作素能特訓(xùn) Ⅰ.完形填空 [xx河北唐山統(tǒng)考]Challenges and tough experiences can help you find out who you really are. About 2 years ago, I was ___1___ in one of my first taekwondo (跆拳道) championships. I was very ___2___ in myself. My opponent (對(duì)手) was skinny. The thoughts in my head were something like “Shes so ___3___， of course youll win.” As the match started, my opponents true ___4___ came out. She came straight at me and landed a head kick on me, ___5___ three points in the first five seconds. I was so shocked, ___6___ and forgot everything my coach said. I was kicking ___7___， in hopes of not losing. But ___8___ hit me. I lost 21－5. I had never lost before. I was afraid of the girl, and to me, her name was ___9___ with my defeat. The experience lasted with me. I worked and trained harder than before. I listened to my ___10___ wholeheartedly and made sure I was not overconfident. The following year, I ___11___ the same girl once again at the state championships. I was ___12___. But with encouragement from my coach, I ___13___ some confidence. When the fight started, I did not panic like the previous match but listened to my coachs ___14___. His voice ___15___ me around the ring (競(jìng)技場(chǎng)), attacking at key moments. The main thought in my head was not about winning or losing, ___16___ doing my best. Eventually, I won. My hard work, and listening to my coach all ___17___. My opponent had the ___18___ skinny figure, but did not frighten me any more. From this experience, I learned not to let confidence overshadow reality. It is important to ___19___ the fact that there are people better than you. But with this idea in mind, you can work hard to bee that person that is better. This experience also taught me not to judge others based on their ___20___. 作者在跆拳道錦標(biāo)賽上遇到了一位身形極瘦的對(duì)手，作者的輕敵使自己遭受慘敗。此后作者跟隨教練努力訓(xùn)練。在比賽中與該對(duì)手再次相遇時(shí)，作者沉著應(yīng)戰(zhàn)，最終獲勝。這次經(jīng)歷讓作者明白不能輕敵也不能以貌取人。 1．A.struggling　　 B．peting C．playing　　 D．quarrelling 答案：B　根據(jù)下文中的“in one of my first taekwondo(跆拳道)championships”可知，作者是在參加一個(gè)跆拳道錦標(biāo)賽。pete“參加比賽”。 2．A.confident B．proud C．content D．a(chǎn)shamed 答案：A　根據(jù)下文中的“My opponent(對(duì)手)was skinny”及“of course youll win”可知，作者看到對(duì)手極瘦時(shí)，對(duì)自己獲勝充滿了自信。confident“自信的”；proud“驕傲的”；content“滿意的”；ashamed“羞愧的”。 3．A.young B．strong C．tiny D．ugly 答案：C　根據(jù)前文中的“My opponent(對(duì)手)was skinny”可知，這個(gè)對(duì)手極瘦。tiny“極小的”，符合語(yǔ)境。 4．A.expression B．personality C．sense D．figure 答案：B　比賽一開(kāi)始對(duì)手真正的個(gè)性就展現(xiàn)出來(lái)了。expression“表情，表達(dá)”；personality“個(gè)性”；sense“感覺(jué)，意識(shí)”；figure“人物”。 5．A.taking B．scoring C．reaching D．catching 答案：B　對(duì)手在前五秒就得了三分。score“得分”。 6．A.surprised B．excited C．tired D．panicked 答案：D　作者對(duì)對(duì)手開(kāi)場(chǎng)時(shí)的猛攻感到震驚，結(jié)合下文中的“and forgot everything my coach said”可知，作者感到恐慌，忘了教練說(shuō)過(guò)的話。panicked“驚慌失措的，恐慌的”。 7．A.blindly B．bravely C．a(chǎn)ngrily D．cautiously 答案：A　作者此時(shí)驚慌失措，所以盲目地踢，希望不會(huì)輸?shù)舯荣?。blindly“盲目地”；bravely“勇敢地”；angrily”生氣地”；cautiously“小心地，謹(jǐn)慎地”。 8．A.imagination B．intelligence C．reality D．memory 答案：C　根據(jù)下文中的“I lost 215”可知，作者還是輸了，現(xiàn)實(shí)給了作者沉痛的一擊。imagination“想象”；intelligence“智力，才智”；reality“現(xiàn)實(shí)”；memory“記憶”。 9．A.associated B．filled C．mixed D．pared 答案：A　作者害怕這個(gè)女孩，并且對(duì)于她來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)女孩的名字與自己的失敗相連。be associated with“與……有關(guān)聯(lián)”；be filled with“充滿”；be mixed with“與……混合”；be pared with“與……比較”。 10．A.teammate B．coach C．opponent D．judge 答案：B　作者更刻苦地訓(xùn)練并全心全意地聽(tīng)教練(coach)的指導(dǎo)。 11．A.faced B．recognized C．a(chǎn)dmired D．reminded 答案：A　作者在錦標(biāo)賽上又迎戰(zhàn)那個(gè)女孩。face“與……比賽，迎戰(zhàn)”；recognize“認(rèn)出”；admire“欽佩，仰慕”；remind“使想起，提醒”。 12．A.courageous B．a(chǎn)fraid C．delighted D．a(chǎn)lone 答案：B　由于上次比賽造成了陰影，作者感到害怕，但教練的鼓勵(lì)讓作者有了些信心。courageous“勇敢的，無(wú)畏的”；afraid“害怕的”；delighted“高興的”；alone“獨(dú)自”。 13．A.lacked B．borrowed C．remembered D．developed 答案：D　作者在教練的鼓勵(lì)下產(chǎn)生了些自信。lack“缺乏”；borrow“借”；remember“記得”；develop“產(chǎn)生”。 14．A.judgment B．praise C．a(chǎn)dvice D．criticism 答案：C　根據(jù)下文中的“His voice ___15___me around the ring (競(jìng)技場(chǎng)), attacking at key moments”可知，教練在競(jìng)技場(chǎng)周圍指導(dǎo)，作者沒(méi)有像上次比賽那樣恐慌而是聽(tīng)取教練的建議(advice)。 15．A.directed B．forced C．kept D．showed 答案：A　教練在競(jìng)技場(chǎng)周圍指導(dǎo)作者。direct“指導(dǎo)”；force“強(qiáng)迫”；keep“保持”；show“展示，表明”。 16．A.and B．or C．so D．but 答案：D　作者頭腦里想的不是輸贏，而是盡全力打好比賽。not...but...“不是……而是……”。 17．A.paid back B．paid off C．called back D．called off 答案：B　根據(jù)前文中的“Eventually, I won”可知，作者的努力最終得到了回報(bào)。pay back“償還”；pay off“取得成功，奏效”；call back “回電話”；call off“取消”。 18．A.different B．mon C．rare D．same 答案：D　作者的對(duì)手有同樣的(same)極瘦體形，但不會(huì)讓作者感到害怕了。 19．A.accept B．ignore C．receive D．oppose 答案：A　接受人外有人這個(gè)事實(shí)很重要。accept“接受”；ignore“忽視”；receive“收到”；oppose“阻撓”。 20．A.behavior B．description C．words D．a(chǎn)ppearances 答案：D　這次經(jīng)歷也讓作者懂得了不要以貌取人。behavior“行為”；description“描寫(xiě)”；word“說(shuō)的話”；appearance“外貌，外表”。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 [xx河北七校聯(lián)考]High heels, coffee cups and dogs have been regarded as three of the most dangerous things to have in a car. While men were responsible for the greater number of accidents reported, women played their part by driving in high heels. Putting fashion over function meant 44 percent of female motorists had been prevented from using the pedals correctly by their high heels. Being keen on a caffeine kick while driving can also create an accident if they leave empty coffee cups lying around their vehicles. Twenty percent of those surveyed admitted they had crashed their cars or had a near miss after a deserted coffee cup or an empty drink bottle rolled under their brake pedals. However, it is not just wearing and eating that cause a threat from inside the car； mans best friend could also cause a catastrophe if not safely secured. One in eight motorists claimed to have had a scrape (擦傷) or miss on the road due to their dogs wandering freely, climbing into the front seat or trying to escape through the windows. The accidents meant drivers took their eyes off the road for more than three seconds each time, according to the poll of 2,000 British motorists. The survey has found drivers will pick up an average bill of ￡ 261.47 for the damage caused by every crash. Londoners were the most at risk of an accident closely followed by motorists in the West Midlands and Wales. Janet Connor, a managing director, said many accidents could be avoided if people cleaned their cars regularly， as one in ten drivers involved in crashes admitted to driving inside a mountain of waste materials. She said, “The possible dangers and distractions outside the car are wellknown but as the evidence suggests, those within the car are often forgotten.” 本文介紹了開(kāi)車時(shí)最危險(xiǎn)的三種東西：高跟鞋、咖啡杯以及狗，并告訴我們?cè)陂_(kāi)車時(shí)應(yīng)該多關(guān)注這些危險(xiǎn)的東西。 1．What mistake do women drivers most probably make while driving? A．They wear expensive clothes. B．They wear shoes with high heels. C．They drink too much coffee in cars. D．They take their dogs without tying them. 答案：B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“women played their part by driving in high heels”可知，女性駕車所犯的錯(cuò)誤是穿高跟鞋，故選B項(xiàng)。 2．Those who like drinking coffee often have accidents because ________. A．the coffee may make them feel faint B．the coffee may make the car smell terrible C．empty coffee cups may make the brake fail D．deserted bottles look the same as brake pedals 答案：C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Twenty percent of those surveyed admitted they had crashed their cars or had a near miss after a deserted coffee cup or an empty bottle rolled under their brake pedals”可推知，空的咖啡杯可能造成剎車失靈，故選C項(xiàng)。 3．Why shouldnt drivers put their dogs in the car while driving? A．Dogs may bark loudly if seeing traffic lights. B．Dogs may walk around or even try to escape. C．Dogs may break the windows to get fresh air. D．Dogs may make the inside of the car dirty. 答案：B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“One in eight motorists claimed to have had a scrape (擦傷) or miss on the road due to their dogs wandering freely, climbing into the front seat or trying to escape through the windows”可知，狗可能到處走動(dòng)或從窗戶逃跑，故選B項(xiàng)。 4．We can mainly learn from the passage that ________. A．people often neglect the dangers outside the car B．a(chǎn)ccidents will be avoided if cars are cleaned regularly C．dangers within the car should be given more attention to D．only 10% of the drivers remember to keep their cars clean 答案：C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The possible dangers and distractions outside the car are wellknown but as the evidence suggests, those within the car are often forgotten”可推知，車內(nèi)的這些潛在的危險(xiǎn)和使人分心的事情也是事故發(fā)生的原因，但是經(jīng)常被人們忘記，所以需要我們給予更多的關(guān)注，故選C項(xiàng)。 1．dangerous adj. 危險(xiǎn)的　2.function n．/vi. 功能；運(yùn)行 3．desert n．/vt. 沙漠；遺棄；拋棄 4．catastrophe n. 大災(zāi)難 5．regularly adv. 定期地；有規(guī)律地 1．be regarded as... 被當(dāng)作…… 2．be responsible for 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé) 3．pick up 拾起；(無(wú)意中)學(xué)會(huì)；接收；(中途)搭載；接(送)某人 原文：However, it is not just wearing and eating that cause a threat from inside the car. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) 譯文：然而，并非只在車?yán)锎┮潞统詵|西造成威脅。 仿寫(xiě)：It was not_until_his_father_returned_from_work that he got down to doing his homework. 直到他父親下班回家他才開(kāi)始著手做作業(yè)。 B [xx甘肅蘭州雙基考試] Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my iPhone—its my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop puter, as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of technology, I know that there is time when I need to move away from these devices and truly municate with others. On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom. I have a rule－no laptops, iPads, phones, etc.. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. Theres a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am antitechnology. Theres no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage in plex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course, the material and the class discussion. Ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the education reflects students satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversations and challenges， they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom. Im not saying that I wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change. Im sticking to my plan. A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up. 本文主要講述了作者不讓學(xué)生在他的課堂上使用技術(shù)設(shè)備。 5．Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with ________. A．the course material B．others misuse of technology C．the authors class regulation D．discussion topics 答案：C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy”可知，歷史課上一些學(xué)生不開(kāi)心的原因是老師定的課堂規(guī)則，故選C項(xiàng)。 6．According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ________. A．keep students from doing independent thinking B．encourage students to have indepth conversations C．help students to better understand plex themes D．a(chǎn)ffect students concentration on course evaluation 答案：A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的第一、二句可知，作者不讓學(xué)生在課堂上使用技術(shù)設(shè)備的原因是擔(dān)心學(xué)生們過(guò)于依賴電子技術(shù)來(lái)獲取信息，從而喪失了獨(dú)立思考的能力，故選A項(xiàng)。 7．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ________. A．is quite stubborn B．values technologyfree dialogue in his class C．will change his teaching plan soon D．will give up teaching history 答案：B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up”可推知，作者很看重沒(méi)有技術(shù)設(shè)備干擾的對(duì)話，即B項(xiàng)正確。 1．course n. 過(guò)程；進(jìn)程；課程　2.include vt. 包含；包括 3．thoroughly adv. 完全地；徹底地 4．a(chǎn)ssume vt. 假定；猜想 5．challenge n．/vt. 挑戰(zhàn)；懷疑 1．in advance 預(yù)先；提前 2．change ones mind 改變某人的想法 3．stick to 堅(jiān)持；粘住 原文：The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage in plex ideas. (表語(yǔ)從句) 譯文：讓學(xué)生們把技術(shù)拋在腦后的真正原因是我認(rèn)為我們有太少深入交談和真正進(jìn)入綜合的想法的地方。 仿寫(xiě)：The reason why misunderstanding occurs is that_the_two _people_speak_different_languages and can not municate with each other well. 誤會(huì)產(chǎn)生的原因是這兩個(gè)人說(shuō)不同的語(yǔ)言并且彼此交流得不夠好。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 [xx長(zhǎng)春檢測(cè)]Lots of families like to gather around a table full of food and give thanks for the blessings they have at Thanksgiving, ___1___ my family often spread the blessings to others not only on Thanksgiving but for every holiday. I always remember that people I didnt know showed up at Thanksgiving, Christmas and even any holiday when I was young! I later on learned ___2___ is a tradition my family started years ago. Every holiday my parents always invite someone who doesnt have somewhere to go and someone who are ___3___ (little) fortunate than us to our home. Sometimes we have tons of people and sometimes not too many. Our tradition includes taking pictures and enjoying some wonderful food that was ___4___ (prepare) in advance! At Thanksgiving yesterday we invited a neighbor who didnt have anywhere to go ___5___ (e) to my familys Thanksgiving. He ___6___ (happy) agreed. Before we eat we stand in a big circle ___7___ (hold) hands and say a small prayer. Then we each say something we are thankful ___8___. When it came for my neighbors turn, he choked up and said, “___9___ (amaze), I can share a warm meal with other people on this special day.” When he left and went home my neighbor told me. “What you did did make ___10___ great difference to me. I havent felt this weled and good in many years, thank you for this blessing.” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 本文是一篇記敘文，每逢節(jié)日，父母總是把那些無(wú)家可歸的或者是不幸的人邀請(qǐng)到我們家共同慶祝節(jié)日。 1．but　考查連詞。前面描述了大多數(shù)家庭在節(jié)日所做的事情，下文描述我的家庭在節(jié)日所做的不同于他們，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 2．it/this　考查代詞。此處指邀請(qǐng)那些不幸的人到我們家慶祝節(jié)日是我們家的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)。 3．less　考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)后文than us可知此處用比較級(jí)，指那些相比我們來(lái)說(shuō)更加不幸的人。 4．prepared　考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處指這些美味的食品是我們提前準(zhǔn)備好的。 5．to e　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處指今年的感恩節(jié)，我們邀請(qǐng)一位鄰居來(lái)我們家，此處為動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。 6．happily　考查副詞。此處需要一個(gè)副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，表示他愉快地接受了。 7．holding　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨。 8．for　考查介詞。be thankful for后面加事，表示對(duì)某事表示感謝。 9．Amazingly　考查副詞。此處需要一個(gè)副詞，表示令人吃驚的是。 10．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。此處為固定短語(yǔ)make a difference“對(duì)……有重大影響”。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) [xx河南洛陽(yáng)統(tǒng)考]We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago. As they were going out early the next morning, so they did not want breakfast. They came back lately and had some tea. When I came into living room, I saw one of them just gone through the kitchen door and turn on the light. He was looking for a glass at the cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought “What can I do? They were guests after all.” 答案： We had guests last night who not stayed in a B&B hotel . As they were going out early the next morning, they did not want breakfast. They came back and had some tea. When I came into living room, I saw one of them just through the kitchen door and turn on the light. He was looking for a glass the cupboard. He had no that the kitchen was not for guests. I just smiled to and thought “What can I do? They guests after all.”