Grammar Modal Verb 情 態(tài) 動 詞 有 一 定 的 意 義 ， 但 沒 有 人 稱 和數(shù) 的 變 化 ， 不 能 獨(dú) 立 使 用 ， 它 和 后 面 的 動 詞構(gòu) 成 謂 語 除 ought 和 have外 ， 后 面 只 能 接不 帶 to的 不 定 式 。 只 作 情 態(tài) 動 詞 的 can / could, may / might, ought to, must 可 情 態(tài) 可 實 義 的 need, dare 可 情 態(tài) 可 助 動 詞 的 shall / should, will / would相 當(dāng) 于 情 態(tài) 動 詞 的 have to, used to Everyone here can speak English.-Could I have a look at your notebook?-Yes, you can. / No, you cant. It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.Can this news be true?Where can they be?She can t have left school, for her bike is still here.The monkeys look sweet, but they can be very naughty.She can / is able to sing the song in English.IcouldreadwhenIwasfour. The fire spread through the hotel quickly but everyone was able to get out. 情 態(tài) 動 詞 含 義 否 定 式 注 意 點can / could 表 能 力“ 能 ， 會 ” cant“不 會 ， 不 能 ” 區(qū) 別 be able to表 許 可“ 可 以 ” cant “不 可 以 ， 不 許 ” 代 替 may表 推 測“ 可 能 ” cant “不 可 能 ” 主 要 用 于 否 定 、疑 問 句 中1表 示 某 人 通 過 努 力 克 服 困 難 做 成 某 事 ,要 用 was / were able to.2 could, might, would 表 委 婉 語 氣 用 于 疑 問 句 , 答 語 仍 須 用 can, may, will.3 can 用 于 肯 定 句 中 , 可 表 示 ” 有 時 可 能 ” -May I use your pencil?-Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt.She may not be working now. John might be at home now.Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn t very sure yet.She may / might have read it in the paper.He may not have finished reading the book. 情 態(tài) 動 詞 含 義 否 定 式 注 意 點may /might 表 許 可“ 可 以 ” mustnt “不 許 ， 嚴(yán) 禁 ” 口 語 中 也 可 用 cant表 推 測“ 可 能 ” May not“可 能 不 ” 主 要 用 于 肯 定 句 ，不 能 用 在 疑 問 句 （ may not 可 能 不 ） If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy. I promised that I would do my best.Will you tell me something about your hometown? Would you please speak again more slowly？He will always take a walk after supper. During the vacation he would often visit me. 情 態(tài) 動 詞 用 法will 表 請 求(第 二 人 稱 ) 表 意 志 ,意 愿 表 某 種 傾 向或 習(xí) 慣would 更 客 氣 的請 求 過 去 的意 志 ,意愿 過 去 的 傾 向或 習(xí) 慣 Shall we set off now? You shall do as I say.Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. You shall be punished if you do that again.You shouldnt /oughtnt to smoke so much.She shouldnt have left without saying a word.Its five oclock. John should be at home now. We have prepared a fridge of food and drinks. That ought to be enough for the party.Its a pity that he should be so rude to a lady. 情 態(tài) 動 詞 用 法shall 征 求 對 方 意 見(第 一 , 三 人 稱 ) 表 示 命 令 ,警 告 , 威 脅 或允 諾 (第 二 , 三 人 稱 ) should / ought to 表 示 勸 告 ,建 議 ,命 令 或 責(zé) 任“ 應(yīng) 該 , 必 須 ” 表 示 推 測 , “理 應(yīng) , 估計 , 大 概 , 可 望 ” should 還 可表 示 “ 竟 然 ” - Must I finish all assignments at a time?-Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. I don t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.You must be the new teacher. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.My MP4 isnt in my bag. Where can I have put it?John, look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour? 情 態(tài) 動 詞 含 義 否 定 式 注 意 點must 表 必 要“ 必 須 ” neednt“不 必 ” ( 區(qū) 別 have to)有 時 表 “ 偏 要 ”表 推 測“ 一 定 ” cant“不 可 能 ” 只 能 用 于 肯 定句 ， 不 能 用 于否 定 、 疑 問 句 1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able toA D 4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able toA 5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. canC A 7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldntC B 9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wontB C 11. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with only a shirt on. A. can B. could C. must D. would12. Must I drive to his house and pick up the children? No, . A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you mustntC C 13. We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday. H e it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would have not attended14. We play chess than bridge. Some of us dont know how to play bridge. A. had better B. would better C. would rather D. had ratherB A 15. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. Can B. Must C. Should D. Ought to16. Two year ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in town, it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should not D. dont have to A D 17. -Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may19. -I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. won t be C. couldn t be D. mustn t beDC 全 國 高 考 試 題 回 放1.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A.should B.can C.must D.will2.H ow _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A.can B.must C.need D.may3.The room is so dirty._ we clean it? Of course.A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do BA B 4.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it?A.should B.must C.could D.would5.Is John coming by train?H e should, but he _ not. H e likes driving his car.A.must B.can C.need D. may6.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It _ true because there was little snow there.A.may not be B.wont beC.couldt be D. mustnt be CDC 10.I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have left D. neednt leave11.You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen _ be so rude to a lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would12.Write to me when you get home. _.A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I canB CC 13.Mr.Bush is on time for everything. H ow _it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?A.can B.should C.may D.must14.Are you coming to Jeffs party?Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A.must B.would C.should D.might15.My sister met him at the G rand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attendedC. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attendedADA 16.Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.might B.should C.can D.will17.There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you?A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have18.When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by by 12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.needA DB 19.I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.A.could have stayed B.could stayC.would stay D.must have stayed20.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could21.Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrivedC.cant have arrived D. neednt have arrivedA CC 22.When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.A.would B.should C.had better D.might23.Sir, you _ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for woman and children only.A. oughtnt to B.cant C.wont D. neednt24.Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A.must B.need C.should D.canAA C 25.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her.A.had to write it out B. must have written it outC.should have written it out D.ought to write it out26.Michael _ be a policeman, for he is much too short.A. neednt B.cant C.should D.mayCB Discovering useful structures Ex. 1: 1. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather 2. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. 3. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find 4. or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 5. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves 6. It is now a children s festival, when they can dress up and go 7. the children might play a trick on them. 8. Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. 9. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.10. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls 11. Some people might win awards for their farm produce 12. At the Spring Festival in China, peoplemay give children lucky money in red paper.13. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets 14. The country looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.