重點(diǎn)單詞 1 adj.官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的 n. 行政官員 n辦公室 n公務(wù)員,軍官 2 n航行；航海 3 adj.本國的；本地的n本地人；本國人(可數(shù)） 4 adv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上 adj.official officeofficervoyageactually actualnative 5 vt.以為根據(jù) n基部；基地；基礎(chǔ) 6 adj.逐漸的；逐步的 adv.逐漸地；逐步地 7 n詞匯；詞匯量；詞表 8 adj.較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的 (反義詞)base gradual graduallyvocabulary latter former 重點(diǎn)短語1 因?yàn)?；由? 走近；上來；提出3 現(xiàn)在；目前4 利用；使用because of comeupat presentmake use of5 例如；像這種的such as 1. official adj. 官方的，正式的 official language official news n. 政府官員An important official will visit our school. officer n. 軍官He is an officer in the army. voyage: 去國外或較遠(yuǎn)地方的海上旅行journey: 指較遠(yuǎn)的從一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 為了公務(wù)、娛樂或教育參觀多處名勝 的旅行 2.voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour 【練習(xí)】1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train fromParis to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle. journeyvoyage triptour 3. because of后邊加名詞或動名詞短語 because是連詞, 所以后邊跟句子 He came to work late because he got up late. He came to work late because of getting up late. 4. native adj. 本土的,本國的,土生的 (+to)The giant panda is native to China. The giant panda is a native of China. 大熊貓是中國特有的動物。 n. 本地人,本國人Are you a native here, or just a visitor? 你是本地人， 或者只是游客? 5. come up 上來, 走近; 被提出; （植物）發(fā)芽; （太陽）升起come up to 地點(diǎn) 上某地來come up with 提出 想出He came up with a good idea in the meeting. 問題在會議中被提出來了。The problem came up in the meeting. 太陽升起來了。 The sun came up. 不曾出現(xiàn)過這個(gè)問題。 The question never came up. 他靠近并和我們打招呼。 He came up and said hello to us. 春天草會再度發(fā)芽。 The grass will come up again in spring. come across 偶然遇到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，被理解come about 發(fā)生come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)come back 回來， 恢復(fù)記憶come on 催促, 快速運(yùn)動;得了吧come out 出現(xiàn)，出版,開花come in 進(jìn)來come over 從一地到另一地 1. His car _ the terrible traffic jam, so he had to call off his appointment with his doctor. A. came about B. came across C. came up D. come on 2. -How did it _ that you made such a silly mistake? -I myself havent figured it out yet. A. bring about B. come about C. come across D. come on 6 .base (1) n._Eg: Our companys base is in beijing.(2) vt. _ 用法：base A on B A以B為基礎(chǔ) A be based on B A建于B基礎(chǔ)之上Eg: (1)One should always base his opinion on facts. Ones opinion should always be based on facts.(2)-What are you mailing, Linda?-A textbook_a new method of teaching physics. I want my friend to take a look at it. A.is based on B.based on C.basing on D.which based upon被動被動基礎(chǔ)；基地；根基建于之上；以為基礎(chǔ) 7. at present =at the moment present (adj.) 現(xiàn)在的，目前的，可作前置定語出席的，在場的，可作后置定語the present situation/the people presentbe present at the meetingpresent (n.) 禮物=gift presence n在場，出席I was surprised by the presence of so many people at the meeting. 這么多人出席會議使我感到吃驚。【經(jīng)典例題】All the people _ at the party were his supporters.(2002北京) A.present B. thankful C. interested D. important【答案】 A 8.make use of 利用 take advantage of make good use of _ make full use _ be made use ofeg:You must make good use of any chance to practise English.(2)The use you_time is really practical.A.make B.take C.make of D.take of 被動同義詞被動Any chance must be made good use of to practise english.好好利用充分利用 【聯(lián)想】與make有關(guān)的短語 make friends with 和交朋友 make fun of 取笑make a decision 作出決定 make a face/faces 扮鬼臉 make progress in 在取得進(jìn)步make a choice 9latter adj較后的，后面的， (兩者中) 后者的I find it hard to understand the latter part of his lecture我發(fā)現(xiàn)他的講座后面部分很難理解。Did he walk or swim across the river?The latter seems unlikely他是趟過河，還是游過河?后者似乎不可能?！颈嫖觥縧ate，later, latter, lately 1)late是形容詞，表示“遲到的，晚的”。如：You are late again! 你又遲到了。2)later可作形容詞，是late的比較級，意為“更遲的，更后的”；也可作副詞，意為“稍后，隨后”，常與on連用。如： Ill tell you later. 我以后再告訴你。3)latter最常用的含義是“兩者中的(后者)”，常與the連用，固定搭配“the former，the latter”。如：Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother. 這是湯姆和戴維;后者是我的兄弟。4)lately是副詞，意為“近來，最近recently”。如：Have you been to Beijing lately?你最近去過北京嗎? 【經(jīng)典例題】Did he go there by bike or on foot? The _ seems unlikely. A latter B late C later D lately 【經(jīng)典例題】Every minute must be made full use of _ spoken English. A to practise B practicing C practice D practised 10.such as例如，諸如此類，像這樣的Ball games such as basketball and football are very exciting球類運(yùn)動，如籃球和足球，都很激動人心?！颈嫖觥縮uch as, for example1)such as用于列舉同類人或事物中的若干 例子，但不能全部列出。如：Mr Wang is good at several foreign languages，such as English and French王先生精通好幾門外語，比如英語和法語。 2) for example一般只列舉幾類人或事物中的一個(gè)”，其位置可在句首、句中或句末，經(jīng)常用逗號分開。如：Mr Wang is good at several foreign languages，for example，English王先生精通好幾門外語，比如英語。 【經(jīng)典例題】Many famous singers, _ Wang Fei and SHE, have acted in films. A such B for example C that is D such as 用such as，for example填(1)What would you do if you met a wild animala lion，_?(2)The farmer grows various kinds of crops，_wheat，corn，cotton and rice.(3)Matter may be invisible；air，_，is this kind of the matter.for examplesuch asfor example command n. is B have; are C has; are D have; is Key Sentences1Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries后來，在下個(gè)世紀(jì)，英國人開始航海征服世界其他地區(qū)。許多別的國家因此而開始說英語。 (1)注意voyage是可數(shù)名詞，常和make搭配構(gòu)成make a voyage to或make voyages to，表 示“航行到”。單數(shù)表示一次航行。(2)初中學(xué)過because表示“因?yàn)椤?，與because of的區(qū)別是：because是連詞，后面要跟句子，多作原因狀語從句；because of中of是介詞，后面只能跟名詞或代詞或ving作賓語。試比較： Because it was raining outside，we stayed at home=Because of the rain outside, we stayed at home因?yàn)橥饷嫦轮辏晕覀兙痛粼诩依?。【?jīng)典例題】We must not lose heart only _ the difficulty we are faced with. A because B because of C since D as【答案】B 2. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以相互理解。句中“even if they dont speak the same kind of English”是讓步狀語從句。如：They will stand by you even ifthough you dont succeed即使你不成功，他們也將支持你。 even if是一個(gè)連詞短語，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，含義是“即使；盡管”。當(dāng)讓步狀語從句的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的假設(shè)或一般的行為習(xí)慣時(shí)，通常用even if或even though。兩者意思一樣，用法也一樣?！窘?jīng)典例題】_ I fail this time, I would try again. A If only B Even if C whether D As if【答案】B 3Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English信不信由你，沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語這樣的東西。1)believe it or not意為“信不信由你”，常在句中作插入語。如：Believe it or not，John will go abroad for further study next month信不信由你，約翰下個(gè)月就要出國深造了。【聯(lián)想學(xué)習(xí)】常見的插入語有：1)to tell you the truth實(shí)話告訴你 To tell you the truth，Ill spend my summer vacation in Yunnan實(shí)話告訴你吧，我將在云南度過暑假。2)generally speaking一般說來Generally speaking，language learning needs a lot of practice一般說來，語言的學(xué)習(xí)需要大量的實(shí)踐。3)you knowyou see你知道You see，my car broke down on the way你知道，我的車在途中壞了。 4) I think我認(rèn)為His coat，I think，is really strange 他的外套，我認(rèn)為，實(shí)在古怪?！窘?jīng)典例題】It is so nice to hear from her. _, we last met more than 30 years ago. A Whats more B Thats to say C In other words D Believe it or not【答案】D (2)no such thing意為“沒有這樣的事情”。such與no, any, all, some, another, one，many，a few, a little等詞連用時(shí)，常置于這些詞之后。如：There is no such person in our school我們學(xué)校沒有這樣的人。I have met many such people我遇見過許多這樣的人。 【經(jīng)典例題】We have _ book you are looking for. A such no B no such C not such D no such a 【答案】B 4The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken美國是一個(gè)使用多種方言的大國。in which引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞country，關(guān)系代詞which作介詞in的賓語，in which在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，可用where代替。如：The factory in which he once worked has been dosed down他曾經(jīng)工作過的工廠已被關(guān)閉。 在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，應(yīng)根據(jù)句意與搭配的需要選擇正確的介詞或短語介詞。如：He studies in the school at the back of which there is a river.他在背后有條河流的那所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。Can you see the new building on the top of which flies a red flag?你能看見到那座樓頂飄著一面紅旗的新大樓嗎? 【經(jīng)典例題】The pen _he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which【答案】A【答案】D 5. Well，go round the corner on your left-hand side-straight on and cross two streets哦，在拐角處向左拐，照直向前走。穿過兩條街道。straight adv直接；挺直 adj直的；筆直的；正直的Go straight down the road and then turn left沿著這條路一直走，然后左轉(zhuǎn)。 He went to bed straight after supper他晚飯后直接去睡了。His friend is a tallslim girl with a straight nose他的朋友是位鼻子挺直、身材高而苗條的姑娘。As you know，his uncle is a straight man如你所知，他的叔叔是一個(gè)正直的人。 【經(jīng)典例題】- Lucy doesnt have curly hair.- Yes, we can say she has _ hair. A nice B blonde C short D straight【答案】D .翻譯下列必背短語 1.在中擔(dān)任角色，在中起作用 _ 2.充分利用 _ 3.因?yàn)?，由?_ 4.信不信由你 _ 5.走近，上來 _ 6.例如，像這種的 _ 7.以為基礎(chǔ) _ 8.與不同 _ 9.即使；盡管 _ 10.大量的，許多 _ play a role/part in such as be based on be different from even if/even though because of believe it or not come up make good/full use of a (large) number of Grammar直接引語和間接引語(II)直接引語表示請求、命令、提議時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語看似簡單，但使用起來要視句義、功能與說話者的語氣、態(tài)度選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，應(yīng)著重注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1直接引語為祈使句，若表達(dá)請求、命令、要求、告知、鼓勵(lì)等意思，在變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，通常將祈使句的動詞原形變成動詞不定式，并視句意在動詞不定式前加上asktellorder, advise，invite，warn，beg，offer, encourage等動詞，祈使句中的please在間接引語中不再出現(xiàn)。如： “Please speak English in class，the teacher said to usThe teacher asked us to speak English in classBe careful with strangers, Mr Brown said to herMr Brown warned her to be careful with strangers “Mrs Smith，let me carry the heavy box for you，”said MikeMike offered to carry the heavy box for Mrs Smith若祈使句為否定式，改為間接引語時(shí)應(yīng)將dont改為not to或never to。如：“Dont forget to turn off the light，” Mother said to TomMother asked Tom not to forget to turn off the light 2如果直接引語是表示勸告、建議的祈使 句或疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，可以用suggest doing或suggest that結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Wang Ping said，“Lets take a walk after supper.” Wang Ping suggested taking a walk after supper或：Wang Ping suggested that we should take a walk after supper