2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 四 完形填空4 說明文(xx南京市、鹽城市二模)Mark Twain said that “habit is habit, and not to be flung(扔) out the window by anyone, but coaxed(勸誘) downstairs a step at a time.” The chances of successfully changing negative behavior _1_ when you make gradual changes that give you time to _2_ negative patterns for positive ones. On any given day, countless numbers of us get out of bed and_3_ to begin to change a given behavior “today”. Whether it be exercising more, drinking less, managing time_4_ or some other change in a negative behavior, we start out with high _5_. In a short time, however, a vast majority of people fail and are soon doing _6_ it was they thought they shouldnt be doing. After considerable research, some researchers believe that behavior changes usually do not _7_ if they start with the change itself. _8_， they believe that we must_9_ a series of “stages” to adequately prepare ourselves for that _10_ change. Once you have analyzed all the factors that _11_ what you do, you must decide which behaviorchange technique will work best for you. According to the psychologist Albert Ellis, most _12_ problems and related behaviors arise from irrational(不理性的) statements that people make to_13_ when events in their lives are different from what they would like them to be. For example, suppose after doing _14_ on an exam, you say to yourself，“I cant believe I failed that easy exam. Im so stupid.” By changing this irrational “catastrophic” selftalk into rational，_15_ statements about what is really going on, you can increase the _16_ that positive behaviors will occur. Positive selftalk might be _17_ as follows: “I really didnt study enough for the exam. I just need to prepare for the next _18_.” Such selftalk will help you to recover quickly from_19_ and take positive steps to correct the situation. Some other technique like purposefully _20_ or stopping negative thoughts and refusing to dwell on(沉湎于) negative images can also spare you wasted energy, time and emotional resources and move on to positive changes.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了“我們”自身養(yǎng)成的一些壞習(xí)慣不是一朝一夕就能改變的。想成功地改掉這些消極的行為就必須給“我們”一些時(shí)間用積極的行為來替代消極的行為。1A.declineBremain Cdisappear Dimprove答案：D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“when you make gradual changes that give you time to _2_ negative patterns for positive ones”可知，此處是指成功地改變消極行為的可能性會(huì)得到改善。improve意為“改善，提高”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。decline意為“下降”；remain意為“仍然，保持”；disappear意為“消失”，均與語境不符。2A.substituteBcancel CfindDignore答案：A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由語境可知，此處指用一些積極的行為來替代一些消極的行為。固定短語：substitute sth.for sth.意為“用來替代”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。cancel意為“取消”；find意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”；ignore意為“忽視”，均與語境不符。3A.refuse Bdetermine Chesitate Dadvocate答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“.we start out with high _5_. In a short time, however, a vast majority of people fail.”可知，每天無數(shù)人起床之后都下定決心從“今天”開始改變一些行為。determine意為“下決心”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。refuse意為“拒絕”；hesitate意為“猶豫”；advocate意為“提倡”，均與語境不符。4A.more Bbetter Cworse Dless答案：B考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“be exercising more，drinking less”(多鍛煉，少喝酒)可知，此處指更好地安排時(shí)間。better意為“更好地”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。more意為“更多”；worse意為“更糟糕”；less意為“更少”，均與語境不符。5A.values Brequirements Cexpectations Dlevels答案：C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，此處指我們帶著高的期望值開始。expectation意為“期待”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。value意為“價(jià)值”；requirement意為“要求”；level意為“水平”，均與語境不符。6A.whicheverBhoweverCwhereverDwhatever答案：D考查名詞性從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作“was”的表語，且沒有范圍限制，所以使用whatever，意為“無論什么”。故選D項(xiàng)。whichever意為“無論哪個(gè)(些)”，有范圍限制；however意為“無論怎樣”；wherever意為“無論哪里”，均與語境不符。7A.succeed Bfail CexistDfade答案：A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，文中認(rèn)為必須要經(jīng)歷一系列的階段來為最終的改變做好充分準(zhǔn)備，因此如果只是改變習(xí)慣本身是不會(huì)成功的。succeed意為“成功”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。fail意為“失敗”；exist意為“存在”；fade意為“凋謝，褪色”，均與語境不符。8A.Nevertheless BOtherwise CInstead DMoreover答案：C考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文“改變習(xí)慣本身是不會(huì)成功的”和下文“我們必須要經(jīng)歷一系列的階段為最終的改變做好充分準(zhǔn)備”可知，此處是肯定后者否定前者，instead意為“相反”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。nevertheless意為“然而”；otherwise意為“否則”；moreover意為“而且”，均與語境不符。9A.look throughBbreak throughCgo throughDpull through答案：C考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。我們必須要經(jīng)歷一系列的階段為最終的改變做好充分準(zhǔn)備。go through意為“經(jīng)歷，通過”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。look through意為“瀏覽，檢查”；break through意為“突破”；pull through意為“渡過難關(guān)，恢復(fù)健康”，均與語境不符。10A.initial BtemporaryCinstant Deventual答案：D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，如果我們要成功地改變這些壞的習(xí)慣，就要為最終的變化做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。eventual意為“最后的”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。initial意為“最初的”；temporary意為“臨時(shí)的”；instant意為“立即的”，均與語境不符。11A.involve Binfluence Cexplain Dadjust答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：一旦你已經(jīng)分析出影響你行為的所有因素，你就必須決定出哪些改變行為的技巧會(huì)對(duì)你最起作用。influence意為“影響”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。involve意為“包括，涉及”；explain意為“解釋”；adjust意為“調(diào)整，適應(yīng)”，均與語境不符。12A.emotionalBphysicalCtechnical Dprofessional答案：A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“related behaviors arise from irrational(不理性的)statements”可知，此處為情緒上的問題。emotional意為“情緒的”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。physical意為“身體的，物質(zhì)的”；technical意為“技術(shù)的”；professional意為“專業(yè)的”，均與語境不符。13A.allBothers Csomeone Dthemselves答案：D考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)前面的主語“people”以及下文中的“in their lives”“whatthey would like.”和“you say to yourself”可知，此處用反身代詞 themselves。故選D項(xiàng)。14A.poorlyBcarefully CpletelyDslowly答案：A考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“.you say to yourself，I cant believe I failedthat easy exam.Im so stupid.”可知，此處指如果自己考試考得很糟糕。poorly意為“差勁地，糟糕地，貧乏地”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。carefully意為“小心地”；pletely意為“完全地”；slowly意為“慢慢地”，均與語境不符。15A.positive BridiculousCnegativeDexplicit答案：A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“that positive behaviors will occur”可知，此處應(yīng)用positive，意為“積極的”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。ridiculous意為“荒謬的”；negative意為“消極的”；explicit意為“清晰的，清楚的”，均與語境不符。16A.dangerBawarenessCamountDprobability答案：D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“By changing this irrationalcatastrophic selftalk into rational”可知，你可以提高積極的行為發(fā)生的可能性。probability意為“可能性”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。danger意為“危險(xiǎn)”；awareness意為“意識(shí)”；amount意為“量”，均與語境不符。17A.writtenBphrased ClistedDcaptioned答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文引號(hào)中的內(nèi)容可知，此處指積極的自我談話的措辭如下phrase意為“措辭，短語”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。write意為“寫”；list意為“列出”；caption意為“給加上標(biāo)題”，均與語境不符。18A.researchBtestCtalkDproblem答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“I really didnt study enough for the exam.”可知，這次考試準(zhǔn)備不足，下一次考試要好好準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)。19A.tirednessBhabits Cdisappointment Dburdens答案：C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“I really didnt study enough for the exam.”可知，此處指這次考試沒考好而引起的失望。disappointment意為“失望”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。tiredness意為“疲勞”，habits意為“習(xí)慣”；burden意為“負(fù)擔(dān)”，均與語境不符。20A.recallingBstartingCblockingDholding答案：C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“stopping negative thoughts and refusing to dwell on(沉湎于)negative images”可知，block意為“阻礙”，與句中的“stop”和“refuse”意思相近，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。recall意為“回想”；start意為“開始”；hold意為“持有”，均與語境不符。