Welcome,Learning Aims: 1. To summarize and review the the Attributive Clause. 2. To master The Attributive Clause.,The Attributive Clause 定語(yǔ)從句,一、定語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。 修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱(chēng)為定語(yǔ)。,his desk Toms father a beautiful city three teachers women teachers in the room above a developing country a developed country There is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn English a city which is beautiful,物主代詞,形容詞,名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞,不定式,介詞短語(yǔ),從句,名詞所有格,數(shù)詞,副詞,二 定語(yǔ)從句,1. 含義 修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語(yǔ)從句。 定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,修飾girl,This is the classroom where we study.,修飾classroom,2. 如何改寫(xiě)成定語(yǔ)從句？,寫(xiě)法： 找出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的共有成分； 將從句中的共有成分去掉； 用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后,I love the girl. The girl has long hair.,I love the girl who has long hair.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語(yǔ)從句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,3. 相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,which, who, whom, whose, that, as,Where, when, why,5. 關(guān)系代詞,Look at the kites which are flying in the sky. The pen which Im using is pretty good. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. Whos the boy that is reading a book? Can you show me the photo that you like best? I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. The house whose windows are closed is mine.,which：指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),who：指人，作主語(yǔ)；whom：指人，做賓語(yǔ),whose：指人或物，做定語(yǔ),that：指人或物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),做題技巧： 1. 確定定語(yǔ)從句 2.看先行詞是指人還是指物 3. 確定先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做的成分 4. 確定關(guān)系代詞,The boys _are playing football are from Class One. Football is a game _is liked by most boys.,who,which/ that,1. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 2. Yesterday I helped an old man _ had lost his way. 3. Mr. Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus. 4. Li Ming is just the boy _ I want to see. 5. The factory _ makes computers is far away from here. 6. He likes to read books _ are written by Shakespeare. 7. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.,who,who,whom,whom,Which/ that,Which/that,Which/ that,8. The number of people _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 9. Where is the man _ I saw this morning? 10. The season _ comes after spring is summer. 11. I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the country. 12. Do you like the book _ cover is yellow? 13. The classroom _ door is broken will soon be repaired.,who,whom,Which/ that,whose,whose,whose,Could you still remember the time when the train left ? This is the factory where my father works? Do you know the reason why he was late for school?,when the train left,the time,the factory,where my father,works?,the reason,why he was,late for school?,when,where,why,（指時(shí)間，作狀語(yǔ)）,（指地點(diǎn)，作狀語(yǔ)）,（指原因，作狀語(yǔ)）,6. 關(guān)系副詞,1. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we spent together. 4. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together. 5. This is the hotel _ we visited last year. 6. This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.,總結(jié)： 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞 在定語(yǔ)從句中做的成分而定。,why,that/which,that/which,when,that/which,where,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別,1. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we spent together. 4. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together. 5. This is the hotel _ we visited last year. 6. This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.,總結(jié)關(guān)系詞的用法：,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做_時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞(which, who, whom, that, whose)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做_時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。,主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或定語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ),注意事項(xiàng),當(dāng)先行詞是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞where。,He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.,當(dāng)先行詞是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞where。, that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。,(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修飾時(shí)。,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。,(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。,7. that 和 which 的區(qū)別：,(5)先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，用that。. (6)先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished (7)當(dāng)先行詞是which時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that. Which is the book that you bought last week? (8)當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作be表語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago. (9)主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時(shí) There are 200 people that didnt know the thing.,下列情況不能使用that,而用which that 不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. that不能置于介詞之后（介詞后指物用which,指人用whom） The person _I am speaking just now is our English teacher. The prize _he worked so hard was a new bicycle.,to whom,for which,4. 分類(lèi),限制性定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 分割性定語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March.,She is doing experiments in the lab which are important to her research.,1) 限定性定語(yǔ)從句: 緊跟先行詞無(wú)逗號(hào)和主句隔開(kāi),2) 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句: 有逗號(hào)與先行詞隔開(kāi),3) 分隔定語(yǔ)從句: 定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞間有其他成分隔開(kāi),1. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 2. He who laughs last laughs best. 誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)笑的最好。 3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。,