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Unit 4,Grammar,The Attributive Clause 1,1,There was an earthquake which happened in Tangshan in 1976.,2,Before the earthquake, there were many strange things which happened in the countryside.,3,,,But the people in the city, who thought little of these events, went to sleep as usual that night.,It was heard in Beijing, which is more than 200 kilometers away.,4,A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals.,The number of people who killed or injured reached more than 400,000.,5,What are the underlined(劃線的） sentences called?,6,Attributive clause (定語(yǔ)從句),7,,在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句， 放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。,2.先行詞：,被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞,,定語(yǔ)從句的相關(guān)概念,1.定語(yǔ)從句定義：,3.引導(dǎo)詞/關(guān)系詞：,連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞,8,He is a famous singer who is from Taiwan.,,先行詞,,引導(dǎo)詞 或關(guān)系詞,定語(yǔ)從句兩個(gè)必備因素：,先行詞 引導(dǎo)詞,引導(dǎo)詞的功能：,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,代替先行詞充當(dāng)從句中的成分,,9,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,when, where, why等,that，who, which, whom, whose 等,關(guān)系詞,,,,在從句中做 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),,在從句中做狀語(yǔ),,10,1、關(guān)系代詞who：,指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略,The boy is,brave,The boy is Harry Potter.,The boy who is handsome is Harry Potter.,The boy who is brave is Harry Potter.,The boy who is clever is Harry potter.,在從句中當(dāng)主語(yǔ),handsome.,clever,11,The singer I like is Taylor Swift.,The girl I met in the Times Square two days ago is Taylor Swift.,(who),(who),在從句中當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),12,e.g.昨天我們看到的那個(gè)人是我老板。 ________________________________________________________________,e.g. 你認(rèn)識(shí)昨天我們看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人嗎？ ________________________________________________________________,指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，可省.,2、關(guān)系代詞 whom:,Do you know the man (whom/who) we saw yesterday?,The man (whom/who) we saw yesterday is my boss.,13,指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略,3、關(guān)系代詞which：,China is a country.,It has a long history.,,,China is a country which has a long history.,中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。,（在從句中當(dāng)主語(yǔ)）,This is a book.,You need it for the exam.,,This is the book (which) you need for the exam.,這是你考試需要的書(shū)。,,（在從句中當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)）,14,指人、物，在定語(yǔ)從句常做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省.,4、關(guān)系代詞that：,The man is Zhang Yimou.,He has made some good movies.,,,The man that has made some good movies is Zhang Yimou.,這位已出品一些好電影的男士是張藝謀。,（在從句中當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，指人）,15,I cooked the noodles.,The noodles were delicious.,,,The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.,我煮的面條美味。,（在從句中當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，指物）,16,I bought a book.,The book is written by Jobs.,,,I bought the book that is written by Jobs.,我買了一本喬布斯寫的書(shū)。,（在從句中當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，指物）,17,指人、物，在從句中做定語(yǔ),5、關(guān)系代詞 whose：,Do you know the girl?,Her bag is red.,,Do you know the girl whose bag is red.,你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)背的袋子是紅色的女孩嗎？,,This is the new machine.,The parts of it (its parts) are too small to see.,,,This is the new machine whose parts are too small to see.,這是臺(tái)零部件太小看而不清的新機(jī)器。,（在從句中當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，指人）,（在從句中當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，指物）,18,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以充當(dāng)：,whom,who,which,that,whose,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,√,何時(shí)可以省略？,做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略,關(guān)系代詞,19,1.The man _________ came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl _________________ I met is Lucy. 3.A child _______ parents are dead is called Tom.,who, that,who,whom, that, /,whose,Practise,20,4.I like the book ____________ you bought yesterday. 5. We shall never forget the days ____________we spent together. 6.I like the person ________ you just talked. 7. I have a room ________ window faces south.,Practise,that, which, /,that, which, /,to whom,whose,21,,看圖連句,Let me try,22,The man _________________ is Liu Xiang.,who ran fastest,Liu Xiang is the man ________________.,who ran fastest,跑得最快的人是劉翔。,23,a boy， has a scar， forehead,Harry Porter is a boy ____________ _______________________.,who/that has a scar on his forehead,24,Changzhou is a city _________ ___________.,Changzhou,a city,develop fast,which /that develops fast,25,Which house is mine?,房頂是棕色的房子是我的。,The house _________________ is mine.,whose roof is brown,My house,26,The city ________________________ _______________________ is Beijing.,which will host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games,the city host(舉辦) 2022 Winter Olympic Games Beijing,27,Can you sing them in English?,有一個(gè)美麗的小女孩，她的名字叫做小薇?！缎∞薄?There is a beautiful girl 2. 那是個(gè)寧?kù)o的夏天，你來(lái)到寧夏的那一天。 《寧夏》 That’s the day,whose name is Xiao Wei.,when you come in the quiet summer.,28,3. 愛(ài)是個(gè)奇跡，會(huì)讓人突然不能呼吸。 《愛(ài)情三十六計(jì)》 Love is a wonder 4. 你的手不是手，是個(gè)溫柔的宇宙，我這個(gè)小星球就在你的手中轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)?！禨uperstar》 Your hand is a tender universe 5. 可是你給我的愛(ài)讓我養(yǎng)成了依賴《不得不愛(ài)》 The love makes me rely on you.,which takes my breath away.,in which I am turning around.,that you give me,29,一、that和which用法的區(qū)別,Notice,30,(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。,I am sure she has something _____ you can borrow.,1、只能用that不用which的情況,(that),Do you have anything _____ you don’t understand?,that,31,(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修飾時(shí)。,I’ve read all the books _____ you lend me.,that,Please send us any information _____ you have about the subject.,that,32,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。,This is the first book _____ he has read.,(that),It is the most beautiful city _____ I’ve ever seen.,that,(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時(shí)。,This is the very book _____ belongs to him.,that,He is the only person _____ was present at the time.,that,33,(6)先行詞是who或which引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl _____ drove the car? Who _____ broke the window will be punished.,(5)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。,The famous writer and his works _____ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.,that,that,that,34,(1) 關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介詞提前）。 There are many trees __________ they can have a rest. This is the ring __________ she spent 1000 dollars.,2、只用which不用that的情況,(2) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 Football, ______ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.,under which,on which,which,35,二、只能用who的情況,Notice,36,One ____ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. The ones ____ laugh at the disabled are not good students. Anyone ____ fails to finish the task should be punished. Those ____ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.,who,who,who,who,先行詞是one, ones, anyone, those時(shí)用who.,37,Practise,38,1. Here are my neighbours home was destroyed by the earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people were asleep. 3. Several days later most of the buildings had been damaged were repaired.,whose,who,which/that,39,4.This frightened boy mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now. 5.We went to see our teacher husband lost his life in the earthquake. 6.“Is this the young man saved several people trapped under buildings ? she asked. 7. A number of children parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.,whose,whose,who,whose,40,Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant?,改錯(cuò),41,4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths. 5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football. 6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now? 7. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,改錯(cuò),____,42,Thank you!,43,