新課標高考英語語法定語從句高考真題例析定語從句(一)考點1正確選擇關系詞1Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.(2014重慶，9)答案which/that解析考查定語從句。句意為：再有一個月我們就能完成年初制訂的銷售目標了。which/that指代targets，在從句中充當set的賓語。2I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(2014湖南，31)答案when解析考查定語從句。先行詞為the day，關系詞在從句中作時間狀語，應用關系副詞when。3The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.(2014安徽，22)答案which/that解析考查定語從句。先行詞是the exact year，定語從句中的動詞spent是及物動詞，后面缺少賓語，故填which/that。4A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.(2014山東，10)答案whose解析考查定語從句。句意為：國內市場利潤萎縮的公司可能會尋求國外市場的機會?？崭窈竺~profits和先行詞company形成所屬關系，故應填whose。5Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.(2014陜西，13)答案that解析考查定語從句。先行詞是information，指物，關系詞在從句中作及物動詞have的賓語，且先行詞有不定代詞all修飾，故關系詞只能用that。6Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.(2013湖南，21)答案who解析考查定語從句。句意為：快樂和成功總是會眷顧那些善于認清自己的優(yōu)點和特長的人。分析句子成分后可知，“ are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定語從句修飾先行詞those，從句中缺少主語，指人，所以用who引導。名師點撥做此類題的關鍵是判斷先行詞和分析句子成分。若句中缺少主語、賓語、表語、定語，則用關系代詞；若句中缺少狀語，則用關系副詞。然后再根據先行詞的特點確定具體用哪一個關系代(副)詞?？键c2where引導定語從句7Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.(2014福建，31)答案where解析考查定語從句。關系副詞where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞community activities，且在從句中作地點狀語。8The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work a good impression is a must.(2014江蘇，22)答案where解析考查定語從句。句意為：這本書在日常交際中給予我很大的幫助，尤其是在第一印象至關重要的工作中。根據句意知關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故填關系副詞where。9Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.(2009福建，24)答案where解析考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，指物，亦可指地點，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，用關系副詞where。名師點撥借助于“句子成分分析法”，確定先行詞，分析從句中若缺少地點狀語，則用where來引導。注意表示抽象地點的先行詞有：case，point，situation，condition，activity，job，race，position，stage，degree等?？键c3which和as引導非限制性定語從句10Until now，we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children， is quite unexpected.(2014四川，4)答案which解析考查非限制性定語從句。此題考查which指代整個主句內容引導非限制性定語從句，which在定語從句中作主語。句意為：到現在為止，我們已經為那些貧窮的孩子募捐到了50 000英鎊，這是完全沒有預料到的。11 is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.(2013陜西，16)答案As解析句意為：就像其他小孩子一樣，醫(yī)生來的時候Amy好多了。as is often the case通常就是這樣，此處as引導定語從句。12We have launched another manmade satellite， is announced in todays newspaper.(2013天津，6)答案which解析考查非限制性定語從句。which在此引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個句子。名師點撥as和which引導的定語從句的特點以及兩者的區(qū)別：as引導的非限制性定語從句可置于句首、句中、句尾，而which從句只能置于被修飾句子的后面；which可在從句中作實義動詞的主語，as不可；主、從句語義不一致時，只能用which；as含有“正如”之意，which沒有?？键c4“名詞/代詞/數詞等ofwhich/whom”引導定語從句13English is a language shared by several diverse cultures， (每一種文化) uses it differently.(2014天津，12)答案each of which解析考查定語從句。前后兩個分句間無連詞，由標點符號“逗號”可知，此處為非限制性定語從句，對先行詞diverse cultures進行補充說明，又由后面謂語動詞uses可知，應填each of which。14The children， (所有的孩子) had played the whole day long，were worn out.(2013浙江，5)答案all of whom解析考查定語從句。先行詞為children，故需要用who(m)來指代，再根據漢語提示即可確定答案。15John invited about 40 people to his wedding， (大多數人) are family members.(2013重慶，24)答案most of whom解析考查定語從句。句意為：約翰大約邀請了40人參加他的婚禮，其中大多數是他的家人。先行詞是40 people，指人；再根據句意可知用關系代詞whom。名師點撥根據標點符號和有無連詞，判斷是非限制性定語從句還是并列句。如果句與句之間有并列連詞and，but或者分號，則是并列句；如果是逗號，且逗號后的內容是對前面內容的補充說明，則是非限制性定語從句，應該使用關系詞。然后用“代入”法，把關系代詞換成先行詞，其關系就一目了然了。如上面1題中each of which each of the cultures；2題中all of whom all of the children。考點5定語從句與狀語從句的比較16The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.(2013浙江，13)答案where解析考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知， visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built為定語從句，a viewing platform為先行詞，從句缺少地點狀語，應當由關系副詞where引導。17If you happen to get lost in the wild，youd better stay you are and wait for help.(2012四川，10)答案where解析考查地點狀語從句。where引導的地點狀語表明主句動作發(fā)生的地點，即：你最好呆在你現在所在的地方。18It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(2014江西，35)答案when解析考查狀語從句。句意為：當我的父親把我叫醒并告訴我看足球賽的時候，那時是午夜。本句中it指代“時間”，when引導的是一個時間狀語從句。名師點撥做此類題的關鍵是分析從句中是否有先行詞。若有，則為定語從句；若沒有，則是狀語從句、強調句等?？键c6定語從句與強調句的比較19It was the culture，rather than the language， made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建，29)答案that解析考查強調句。句意為：是風俗文化而不是語言使他很難適應國外的新環(huán)境。這里強調主語部分the culture，rather than the language，所以用that引導。名師點撥區(qū)分定語從句還是強調句，看從句中是否缺少句子成分，如果去掉it is/was.that/who.，結構仍完整，則為強調句，反之，則是定語從句。定語從句(二).高考變式用適當的關系詞填空1I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week， my classmates recommended to me.(2014北京，26)答案which解析考查定語從句。此處Sherlock Holmes是先行詞，作recommended的賓語；又因為是非限制性定語從句，故填which。2I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade， I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(2014浙江，5)答案when解析考查定語從句。上句說 “我直到五年級才成為一個熱衷攀爬的人”，后面句子就是在五年級這個時間，作者去樹上把一個風箏取了下來。the fifth grade為先行詞，作后面句子的時間狀語，故用when引導。3Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.(2013北京，27)答案where解析考查定語從句。句意為：目前，許多國家正在建立一些國家公園，動物和植物在那兒可以得到保護。先行詞為national parks，且在定語從句中作地點狀語，故填where。4There is no simple answer， is often the case in science.(2013山東，31)答案as解析考查as引導的非限制性定語從句。as is often the case為固定搭配，意為“情況通常是這樣”。as引導非限制性定語從句，指代整句話的內容，可置于句首、句中或句尾。5When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.(2013新課標全國，4)答案where解析句意為：當我到達的時候，拜倫帶我去看了我將要住的房子。此處先行詞是the house，從句中缺少地點狀語，故用where引導定語從句。6Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012， made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.(2013安徽，29)答案which解析句意為：莫言被授予2012年諾貝爾文學獎，這使得中國人多年來的一個夢想成為現實。which引導非限制性定語從句，指代逗號前的全部內容。7The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.(2013福建，27)答案whose解析句意為：這本書透過生活受到地震影響的人們的視角講述地震的故事。本題的先行詞是those表示人，定語從句的主語是lives，與先行詞構成所屬關系，應使用關系代詞whose引導。8The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China， he remembers starting as early as his childhood.(2013江蘇，32)答案which解析考查定語從句。句意為：世界銀行的總裁說他喜歡中國，這一點他記得早在他的童年時期就開始了。which指代“喜愛中國”這件事。9He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.(2013江西，33)答案where解析考查定語從句的引導詞。句意為：他寫了一封信，在信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生的事情。定語從句中主謂賓俱全，缺少狀語，因此填where，在本句中相當于in which。10He may win the competition，in case he is likely to get into the national team.(2013遼寧，34)答案which解析考查非限制性定語從句。in which case意為“在這種情況下”。.語法填空體裁：記敘文話題：節(jié)假活動詞數：179Wife：Its Friday today.How do you want to spend the evening，darling?Husband：Well，why not go 1 (dance)？We havent done that 2 a long time.Wife：Oh，to tell the truth，I dont really feel like going dancing tonight.I had a hard day and Im sort of tired.Whats more，I 3 (suppose)to go rock climbing with my colleague Dorothy tomorrow morning.Husband：Well，in that 4 ，we could go to the new movie Life of Pi，by that worldfamous director Ang Lee.I really like his work， 5 will stop showing the day after tomorrow.Wife：Oh，we go to the movies 6 much.Cant we do something different for a 7 ，honey?Husband：Well，do you have any suggestions?Wife：Let me see.How do you feel about asking some friends over to play cards?Husband：Its OK with me， 8 we dont have any beer or anything to eat at home.Wife：Well， 9 is better to call Juliet and ask her and that neighbor of 10 ，David，to come over，and Ill go to the store and buy some food and drinks.Husband：OK.Thats a good idea.1答案dancing解析go dancing去跳舞。2答案for解析句意為：我們很長時間沒這么做了。3答案am supposed解析be supposed to(按習慣、安排等)應該。4答案case解析in that case固定搭配。5答案which解析which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾work。6答案too解析句意為：我們看電影太多了。too much太多。7答案change解析句意為：我們能不能換個不同的事情呢？for a change 改變一下。8答案but解析句意為：我還好，但是家里沒有啤酒也沒有吃的了。表示轉折關系，用but。9答案it解析固定句型：it is better to do.。10答案hers解析neighbor of hers她的鄰居，雙重所有格。7