Unit 1 Women of achievementA Chinese saying goes:Women can hold up half of the sky.Who was she? Who was she? Elizabeth Fry (1780 -l845), Britain She was a Quaker(教友派信教友派信徒徒). She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in l947. Guess:Song Qingling (l893 -l98l ), China She was Sun Yat-sens wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history. She concerned herself with welfare projects（福利項(xiàng)目）（福利項(xiàng)目）, leading China Welfare Institute(協(xié)會(huì)協(xié)會(huì)) especially for women and children. Who was she? Who was she? Guess:Joan of Arc (l412-l43l), France She was born in France, a girl from the countryside who dressed as a man and went to fight for the French and to drive the English out of France. She was caught and put to death by the English. Who was she? Who was she? Guess:Lin Qiaozhi (l90l-l983), China She was a Chinese doctor who became a specialist（專家）（專家） in womens illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical （醫(yī)療）（醫(yī)療）work for Chinese women and children. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.Who was she? Who was she? Guess:Jody Williams (l950 - ), USA She is an American. She helped found an international campaign（運(yùn)動(dòng)（運(yùn)動(dòng) ）to stop the use of landmines（地雷）（地雷）. She worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them. She and her organization were given the Nobel Peace Prize in l997.Who is she? Who is she? Guess:Jane Goodall(l934- ), Britain As a young girl, she always wanted to study animals. She went to Africa and studied chimps. Her research showed the connections（關(guān)系）（關(guān)系） between chimps and human beings. She works to protect chimps everywhere.Who is she? Who is she? Guess:She went to Africa and studied chimps.chimpsbehave like human beingsWhere are the photos taken?Gombe National Park in East AfricaPre-reading 1. What animals are observed?Chimps2. Where did Jane Goodall work with chimps？In their environment3.What was the purpose of her study of the chimps?Her purpose was to help the rest of the world to understand and respect the life of the chimps.The passage is mainly about how Jane Goodall worked with_ and help people _ _of these animals.chimps in their environmentunderstand and respect the life Main ideasPara 1:Para 2:Para 3:Para 4:Janes achievementswhat Jane discovered about chimpsher attitude to the animalsa day in the forest careful readinga family of chimps_ the forest (feed, clean each other)The mother chimp and her babies _ together in their nestThe first paragraphThe whole daywake upwander intoplay in the treego to sleepWhat are the chimps activities on that day?The first thingThe second thingShe discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other.The second paragraphWhat did Jane discover?True or false:She hopes that chimps can be left in the cages.She supposes that people should not use chimps for entertainment(娛樂(lè)娛樂(lè)).She has spent forty years helping people understand her work.She has built many homes for the wild animals to live in.(F)(T)(T)(T)chimp in the cageChimp in the laboratoryWorking with animals in their own environmentGaining a doctors degree for her studiesShowing that women can live in the forest as men canThe fourth paragraphOnly if we can understand, can we careOnly if we care, will we helpOnly if we help, shall all the life is hopeful-Jane GoodallLanguage points1. Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.Jane 已經(jīng)研究他們很多年了，她幫助人們了解黑猩已經(jīng)研究他們很多年了，她幫助人們了解黑猩猩跟人類的行為是多么的相似。猩跟人類的行為是多么的相似。have in common with sb./sth.The two cultures have a lot/much in common.Tom and I have nothing in common./I have nothing in common with Tom.2.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.3. worthwhile worthwhile: （adj.) 值得值得(花精力、時(shí)間、金花精力、時(shí)間、金錢(qián)做錢(qián)做) 的的a worthwhile experiment It is worthwhile to do / doing sth. worth: 值得的值得的這輛自行車值這輛自行車值50英鎊英鎊_.這個(gè)博物館（非常）值得參觀。這個(gè)博物館（非常）值得參觀。The museum_.The bicycle is worth 50.is (well) worth visiting(. be (well) worth + n. / doing sth. worthy: 值得的值得的be worthy to be done be worthy of + being done / n. The experiments is worthy to be done. eg. He is worthy of our praise.The experiment is well worth the time and money.The experiment is well worth doing.exercise4.Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. to pay the money or to use time, etc.花錢(qián)，花錢(qián)， 花時(shí)間。花時(shí)間。你暑假怎么打發(fā)？你暑假怎么打發(fā)？How will you _ (1) spend sth on sthHe spent all his savings on a new house. (2) spend sth (in) doing sthHe spent his whole life looking after the poor.He spent every minute he could _ spoken English.A. practise B. to practiseC. practising D. practised花費(fèi)花費(fèi)spend sb. spend sth. (on sth.)/ (in) doing sthpay sb. pay some money for sthcost sth. cost sb some moneytake It takes sb to so sth.He _about a third of his salary in drinking.She _ 3000 dollars for the dress.The DVD_her 150 yuan.It _him ten days to finish the experiment.5. observe(1) to notice/ watch carefully 觀察觀察, 注意到注意到 observe + sb./sth. sb. doing/do sth that-clause 這位科學(xué)家一生都在觀察星星。這位科學(xué)家一生都在觀察星星。The scientist has observed the stars all his life.我看到一個(gè)陌生人進(jìn)了、正在進(jìn)辦公室。我看到一個(gè)陌生人進(jìn)了、正在進(jìn)辦公室。I observed a stranger go/going into the office.我注意到班上有幾個(gè)學(xué)生睡著了。我注意到班上有幾個(gè)學(xué)生睡著了。I observed that several students were asleep in class.find out the mistakeWe have never observed him to do such a foolish thing.(2) vt. to obey; to act in accordance with 遵守，順從遵守，順從我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。We must _observe the traffic rules.(3) vt. to hold or celebrate 舉行（儀式等）舉行（儀式等）， 慶祝（節(jié)日等）慶祝（節(jié)日等）你們國(guó)家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？你們國(guó)家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？Do you _in your country?observe Christmas Day6.Only+Only+狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)+ +部分倒裝部分倒裝只有這樣，我們才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。只有這樣，我們才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Only in this way_.到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我的錯(cuò)誤到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我的錯(cuò)誤。Only then_.她母親來(lái)幫她的忙，這才使她得以開(kāi)始自己的她母親來(lái)幫她的忙，這才使她得以開(kāi)始自己的計(jì)劃。計(jì)劃。Only after her mother came to help her _to begin her project.did I realize my mistakescan we learn English well但但Only+主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝 只有你了解我。只有你了解我。Only you_was she allowedunderstand me. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realizeD7. inspire: encourageadj: inspired / inspiringn. : inspirationeg: She was an inspiration to all of us. Her _speech yesterday made us_. We are determined to learn from her and try to do our job better.inspiringinspiredHe was an _ poet at that time and his _ poems spread through all the country.A.inspired; inspired B. inspiring; inspiredC. inspired; inspiring D. inspiring; inspiringcWhat is S-V agreement? n用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ a teacher. (be)2. He _ good at swimming. (be)3. You _ late for school again.(be) 4. They _ many new books. (have)5. She _ two sisters.(have)amisarehavehas根據(jù)主語(yǔ)決定與其一致的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的謂語(yǔ)Ex 1 On P5nRule: 集體名詞如集體名詞如: group, class, company, : group, class, company, government, family, army, enemy, government, family, army, enemy, population, team, public, crowd, population, team, public, crowd, audienceaudience等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體整體，謂語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用用單數(shù)單數(shù)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體（其中的各個(gè)成員）個(gè)體（其中的各個(gè)成員）就用就用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)The team is the best in the league 這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。 The football team are having baths 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛Ｗ闱蜿?duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛?Ex 2 on P5nRule: every one, everybody, everything, any one, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, some one, somebody, something, (none除外除外)等不定代詞及等不定代詞及each, the other作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式。如：形式。如： NothingNothing in the box in the box isis mine. mine.Rule: None 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)；但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù)，因而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2. A woman with a baby in her arms _ waiting for the bus in the rain. Awas Bwere Chas Dhave3. E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. playwasAAExercise and RulesnRule：?jiǎn)螖?shù)主語(yǔ)即使后面帶有由with, along with, together with, like, but except, besides, as well as, more than, no less than, rather than, including, in addition to 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。如： My sister together with/along with/with/as well as/besides my parents has gone to Beijing. The book, including ten science stories, sells well.Exercise and Rules3. Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)4. Whether he comes or not _ of no matter. (is /are)5. To say _ one thing; to do _another. (is/are)6. Listening, speaking, reading and writing _four skills for English study. (is/are)7. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle. . (is/are) isisisisareare語(yǔ)法一致nRule：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)不定式（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)； 多個(gè)時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)Exercise and Rules8.Many a boy _ made such a funny experiment. A. have B. are C. has D. is 9.Every means _ been tried since then. A. has B. were C. was D. has been10.Each actor and (each) actress_ invited to our school. (is /are) 11.Every boy and (every) girl _ got a toy train. (has/have) 12.No teacher and no student _ to have classes on Sunday. (agree/agrees)CAishasagrees語(yǔ)法一致nRule:連接的并列主語(yǔ)被each,every、no 修飾或many a+ 名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)nRule:each of +復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用單數(shù)Exercise and Rules13.A number of the students_ gone for an outing. (is/ are)14.The number of the students_ increasing year after year. (is/are)areisnRule: A number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表許多的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)， The number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表的數(shù)量謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Exercise and Rules15. 70 percent of the surface _covered with water.（is/are)16. 70 percent of the farmers _ improved their living conditions. (have/has)17. The rest of his journey _ pleasant.(was/were)18. The rest of the girls _ fond of music.( is /are)19. All of your work _well done.(is/are)20. All of your answers _ correct.(is/are)ishavewasareisare意思一致nRule：all (some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most, percent, 分?jǐn)?shù)，half)+ of+ 名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)of后面的名詞決定，如果of后面是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；如果of后面是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，意思一致Exercise and RulesnRule：the + adj. / p.p 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)指人時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù), 但如果指事物或抽象概念時(shí), 用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.21.The poor_to be helped.(is/are)22.The beautiful _ not always good.(is/are)areis就近一致Exercise and RulesnRule：用here,there, where等引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上一致。21. There _ three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. (is / are )22.There _ a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. (is / are )areisExercise and Rules23. Either the girl or the boy _ from Canada. (is /are)24. Not only the door but also the windows _ open. (is /are)25. Neither you nor I _ the answer. (knows/know) 26. Not you but I _wrong. (am/ are/ is)27.You or he _ to take part in the competition. (is/are)isareknowamis就近一致nRule: 由eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also，notbut，or連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常和鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致。nWe Chinese _ a hard-working people Ais Bare Cis being Dare being 此題應(yīng)選此題應(yīng)選 。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說(shuō)的是主謂一致。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說(shuō)的是主謂一致（即謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂（即謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)一致），本題意為：我們中國(guó)人是一個(gè)勤勞的民語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)一致），本題意為：我們中國(guó)人是一個(gè)勤勞的民族。族。1. You or he _ to blame. 你或他有一人要受責(zé)備。你或他有一人要受責(zé)備。2. _ you or he to blame? 受責(zé)備的是你還是他？受責(zé)備的是你還是他？ Ais，Is Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is答案：C，就近一致 (is/are) 1. Both bread and sugar _sold out. 2. The worker and the writer _ from Beijing. 3. The worker and writer _ from Wuhan.4. Bread and butter _ a daily food in the West. 由由and and 連接的并列成分指的是連接的并列成分指的是同一概念同一概念，兼具身份，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)或匹配出現(xiàn), ,謂語(yǔ)用謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)單數(shù)。由由and and 連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念兩個(gè)不同的概念，謂語(yǔ)用謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。areareisisWhen we grow up we need food to give us nutrition. But the most important thing that we couldnt do without is the love from our parents ,our friends and the ones we loves ,Similarly, a persons success couldnt leave the love to others. Knowledge is the food that a man should absorb(吸收吸收 ) while love is the sunshine, a success should show love to others.Preface(前言前言)Name:Date:Home place:Occupation:Work:林巧稚1901-1983Xiamen,Fujian chinaa specialist in womens illness婦科腫瘤學(xué)Gynecologic oncologyBefore the lesson please tell us something about Lin Qiao zhi. 1.what was the writers problems?2.what did he decided to do at last? Why ?3. Which words can we find in the text used to describe Lin Qiaozhi ?4. What are Lin Qiaozhis achievements mentioned in the passage?Fast readingWhat was the writers problems?The writer did not know which subject to choose to study at university among English, biology and chemistry.2.what did she decided to do at last? Why ?She chose to study at medicial college, because she was moved by Lin Qiaozhi and wanted to help others just like Lin Qiaozhi.3. Which words can we find in the text used to describe Lin Qiaozhi ? hard work determination good nature kindness consideration1.write down three of Lin Qiaozhis achievements after reading the passagea.-b.-c.-She got a medical training for her career.She became a specialist in womens disease.She had made sure that about 50,000babies were safely delivered to their mothers.4. What are Lin Qiaozhis achievements mentioned in the passage? Careful Reading 2. Answer the following questions1.For whom and for what purpose did Lin Qiaozhi write a book about how to look after babies?2.Which period did Lin Qiaozhi live in? 3.Was it easy for a woman to get medical education at that time? Give a reason.She wrote a book for mothers in the countryside who were not able to get a hospital easily.She lived in the early twentieth century.It was not easy for a woman to get medical education at that time for education was for men first and women second.4.What do you think are the important qualities a good doctor should have?I think a good doctor should be kind,patient and have a good knowledge of diseases and ways of cures Finish the summary.One day,the writer did some on Lin Qiaozhia in womens diseases.He found something about this great woman: she did her to study medicine and wrote a book for the women in the and all her life to her patients and medical career.She won from people.After getting this information,the writer decided to study at medical school and get training to help other people. researchspecialistcountrysidedevotedrespectmedicalbestDo some research on sth.Death rateGet a medical trainingCant wait to do sth.Deliver a babyDevote to做某方面的研究死亡率學(xué)醫(yī)迫不及待要做某事接生投身于Explain the following phrases.Language points1. was to change 屬于屬于 “be +不定式不定式” 的結(jié)構(gòu)，此處表示的結(jié)構(gòu)，此處表示“不可避免的，命中不可避免的，命中注定的事注定的事”。 e.g. They were sure that he was to become a very famous person.還可以表示計(jì)劃，打算還可以表示計(jì)劃，打算 She is to go to Raoping tomorrow.還可以表示命令，意為還可以表示命令，意為“必須，不得不必須，不得不” e.g. You are to do your homework before you have lunch. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they_.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would surviveD. will surviveBIt was a book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some simple rules for keeping babies clean and healthy.現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，修飾現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，修飾book, 相當(dāng)與相當(dāng)與 一個(gè)定一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)從句 which explained how一本介紹如何在婦女懷孕到護(hù)理嬰兒的過(guò)程中，通過(guò)一本介紹如何在婦女懷孕到護(hù)理嬰兒的過(guò)程中，通過(guò)一些使嬰兒保持清潔的簡(jiǎn)單規(guī)則來(lái)降低死亡率的書(shū)。一些使嬰兒保持清潔的簡(jiǎn)單規(guī)則來(lái)降低死亡率的書(shū)。2. explaining explain后接名詞、代詞、從句、后接名詞、代詞、從句、wh-+to do作賓語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)。 She explained to us why she was late.explain不能跟雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)不能跟雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu), 不能說(shuō)不能說(shuō)explain sb. sth. 而只能說(shuō)而只能說(shuō)explain sth. to sb.或或explain to sb. sth.3. Be intended for解釋解釋“為為而準(zhǔn)備而準(zhǔn)備, 預(yù)定預(yù)定” e.g. The chair was intended for you but she took it away.4. Why not do sth 用來(lái)提出意見(jiàn)用來(lái)提出意見(jiàn),解釋為解釋為“為什么不為什么不” e.g. Why not ask for leave?5. carry on (with) sth.carry on doing sth.解釋為解釋為“進(jìn)行進(jìn)行繼續(xù)進(jìn)行繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”e.g. 1. Carry on with your work while Im away.2. Carry on working while Im away.Listening1. Girls often leave school earlier for family reasons. 2. When there is very little money, the school often prevents girls from training. 3. Girls dont have a chance to run a company. TFFListening on Page7 Read the questions before you listen. True or false.1我容易嗎？！我容易嗎？！4. When women have children, they have to stop work. 5. Men have more chances to get to the top of their career than women. 6. Men can do whatever they like. TTF What three problems do women have which do not apply to men? 1._ 2._3._ They have more difficulty getting an education. They have more difficulty getting to the top of their chosen career. They have to give up their careers for the childcare and running the house.21. This _ girls from training for their chosen _ . 2. Most of the _ and running the house is the _ of the mother. Men do not have this pressure. 3. Think about what _ they have had to face. preventscareerchildcare concerndifficulties3Listening text First, girls _going to school and finishing school. Often if there are boys in the family and there is very little money, the boys will get first _to go to school. If girls do go to school, they often _ earlier to go to work or to stay athave more difficultychanceleave schoolhome for family reasons, while more boys_. This prevents girls from training for their chosen career. Secondly, the chances for girls to get to the top of their chosen career are fewer than for boys. Most peoplecontinue their studieswho run companies are men. Women need to prove they can run businesses successfully. This situation will remain a problem_. Finally, women have to stop their careers (even if only for a short time)if women are not allowedto do so