Module 8 Time off【語法】that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句一、基本用法概念：在句子中起賓語作用的句子叫做賓語從句。接賓語從句的三種情況：動詞接賓語從句、介詞接賓語從句和形容詞接賓語從句。I believe that we can win the football match .He will give us some advice on how children learn English .He is glad that his friends will come to his birthday party .分類：可以分為三類一是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 二是whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 三是特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句They told me that they were doing some shopping at the supermarket .He wants to know if he can go camping with us .Do you remember when well meet tomorrow .That 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(1)That引導(dǎo)的賓語從句表示陳述一件事，即由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。He says ,“I am listening to the weather report .”=He says that he is listening to the weather report .(2)主句的謂語動詞是say，tell，think ,know ,see, hear ,hope ,expect ,explain ,feel ,imagine ,promise ,wish ,remember ,forget ,guess等時，常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語I hope that he will be fine soon .(3)當(dāng)主語是I ， 謂語動詞是think，believe，hope，expect等動詞時，經(jīng)常否定主句部分，不否定賓語從句I dont think your answer is right .(4)主句含“系動詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的“系表”結(jié)構(gòu)，常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這類形容詞多表示感情，如happy，glad，pleased，sad，sure，afraid等Im afraid that he cant come .引導(dǎo)詞本身的省略與不省略（1）連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，只起連接主、從句的作用，它本身無意義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略He says (that) he begins to understand his parents .We know (that) its difficult to climb the mountain in such bad weather .(2)不可省略的幾種情況1.從句的主語是that時，不可以省略We know that that is an interesting story .2.that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句若再有復(fù)合句時，that不能省略I think that if you have lost the library book ,you have to pay for it .3.主、從之間有插入語時，that不能省略It says here ,in the newspaper ,that Chinese people are trying hard to make “Chinese Dream ”come true .二、特殊用法1.語序不論什么情況下，賓語從句都要用陳述語序，即“主語+謂語+其他”Do you think (that) the radio is too noisy ?2.時態(tài)(1)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以用符合句意要求的任一時態(tài)。He says (that) they have returned already .He tells me that he was born in 1985.(2)如果主句用一般過去時，從句要用過去時的某種形式（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）He said (that)he bought a new dictionary .I knew they were studying English .(3)如果從句表達的是客觀事實、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、格言、諺語等，盡管主句用一般過去時，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound .He said that time is life .【巧學(xué)妙記】賓語從句小口訣賓語從句三注意，時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從句須用相應(yīng)時；陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引，一般疑問句用if/whether ,特殊問句疑問詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式?！菊Z法專練】同義句轉(zhuǎn)化1.Hes so tired that he cant walk on .He says .He says _ hes so tired that he cant walk on .2.He wont come . I think .I _ think he _come .3.W e can even hear the birds singing in the tree .We can even hear _ the birds _ _ in the tree .4.Do you make sure that youll join us ?_you _ that youll join us ?5.More and more students find it important to learn English well .More and more students find _it _important to learn English well .用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空6.I know that he _(join) the League in 1985.7. I see that they _(play) football over there .8. I hear that he _(come ) tomorrow .9.We all knew that the moon _(move)around the sun .10.The radio says it _(be) cloudy tomorrow .將下列句子合并為一句11.“Tom finishes his homework ,”he thought ._12.“I will come back ,”Tom said ._13.The teacher said ,”Light travels faster than sound .”_14.”I am doing my homework ,”he said ._15.”They are playing computer games ,” he said ._【知識點一】Its so quiet here that I can even hear the birds singing! 這兒這么安靜，我甚至能聽見鳥兒在唱歌！So that句型意為“如此/這么以至于”,that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句【考點拓展】such that意思也是如此以至于常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：（1）such +a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞+that從句（2） such +形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that 從句（3） 如果such后邊的名詞前由many ,much ,few ,little 等詞修飾的話，則不用such用so【考點辨析】sothat和so that的區(qū)別So that如此以至于So that 以便，為了因此，所以【中考鏈接】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子（2018襄陽中考）他如此外向，以至于他交的朋友比我多。（that）He was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ than I did . 【知識點二】hear sb /sth doing sth 的用法Hear sb/sth doing sth “聽到某人/物正在做某事”，指動作正在進行當(dāng)中。【注意】類似的動詞或詞組還有：see ,notice ,look at , listen to 等【中考鏈接】（2018銅仁中考）-Listen ! Who is singing in the next room ?-It must be Sally . I often hear her _ there .A. singing B. sings C. to sing D. sing 【知識點三】I can hardly believe were in the city centre .Hardly 做副詞，意為“幾乎不，幾乎沒有”，即almost not ,是一個含有否定意義的副詞【注意】hardly表達否定意義，構(gòu)成否定詞，變反意疑問句要特別注意疑問部分的用法。Your friend Sally hardly knows what has happened , does she ?【中考鏈接】（2018荊州中考）-Many products made in China are very popular in the United States .-Yeah .Americans can _ avoid buying Chinese products .A. Nearly B. mostly C. hardly D. widely【知識點四】Then I can point out the sights of Beijing for you .Point out 意為“指出，致命”，是動詞+副詞，若有代詞要放在句中【考點辨析】point out , point to ,point atPoint out 表示的是給某人指示方向、要點或錯誤等，意為“指出”Point to 多用于表示指離說話人較遠的事物，意為“指向”，to是介詞，著重于指的方向Point at 習(xí)慣上表示指向離說話人較近的事物，意為“指著”At 是介詞，著重于指的對象Will you please point out the man who saved the boys life ?He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said ,”Thats my home .The teacher pointed at the blackboard and said ,”You must look carefully .”【中考鏈接】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子（無錫中考）Be quiet .Henry .Its rude to _(指向) at others like that .【知識點五】allowAllow做動詞，意為“允許，準(zhǔn)許”，具體用法如下：（1） allow （doing）sth 允許（做）某事（2） allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事（3） allow sb sth 給予某人某物（4） be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事【中考鏈接】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（2018蘭州中考）Teenagers should be _(allow) to make their own decisions .【知識點六】I think its better to have our picnic at the top at the hill .我認為在山頂野餐會更好At the top of 意為“在的頂端”【中考鏈接】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子（黃岡中考改編）當(dāng)你到達山頂時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)吸入空氣很困難。When you _ _ _ _ the mountain , youll find it difficult to take in air .【知識點七】waste Waste 用作動詞，意為“浪費，濫用”。常用句型為：（1） waste time/money on sth 意為“在上浪費時間/金錢”（2） Waste time/money (in) doing sth 意為“浪費時間/金錢做某事”（3） Waste還可以用作名詞，意為“浪費，濫用”，前面需要冠詞a 修飾（4） Waste還可以用作形容詞，意為“廢棄的，無用的”【中考鏈接】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子（2018遂寧中考）More and more people have realized that we shouldnt _(浪費) food.【知識點八】promisePromise做動詞，以為“許諾，保證，發(fā)誓”常見用法：promise to do sth保證做某事Promise sb (not ) to do sth 保證某人做（不做）某事Promise sb sth 承諾某人/保證某人做某事【考點拓展】promise 做名詞，意為“許諾，諾言”Promise 的相關(guān)短語：make a promise 許諾 keep a promise 遵守諾言 【中考鏈接】（2018河南中考）-Its useless to regret what has been done .Dont make those mistakes again .- I wont .Thats a(n)_.A. Order B. decision C. promise D. agreement 【知識點九】wake Wake做動詞，意為“喚醒，醒來”，形容詞形式為awake ,意為“醒著的，警惕的”Wake sb up 意為“叫醒某人”【中考鏈接】（巴中中考）_ ,Bill ! Its time to go to school .A. Wake up B. Look up C. Make up 【知識點 十】aboveAbove 做介詞，意為“在上方，高于”，反義詞為below【考點辨析】on ,over ,above這三個詞作為介詞時都可以表示“在上”，但各自的側(cè)重點不一樣。on與某物表面有接觸over與某物的正上方（不與某物接觸）above在某物的上方（指位置高于某物，不一定是正上方）【知識點十一】pull的用法Pull做動詞，意為“拉，牽，扯”反義詞為push ,意為“推”【固定搭配】pull的短語Pull down 摧毀，拆毀 pull out 使離開，拔出 pull about 把拖來拖去 pull together 齊心協(xié)力【中考鏈接】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子（2018黃岡中考）如果我們齊心協(xié)力，我們的中國夢一定能實現(xiàn)。（pull）If we all _ _ ,our China dream is sure to come true .【練習(xí)題】一、根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成句子。1.Im very _(渴的)，Mum .Could you get some water for me ?2.Dont _(浪費)your time in playing computer games .3. _(人)and animals should be good friends.4.My fathers T-shirt has completely lost its _(形狀).5.-How far is the post office from here ?-Its nearly two _(千米).6.The island has thirty _(平方) kilometers in size .7.John _(拉)the girl out of water .He saved her .二、單項選擇1.The TV play journey to the west is _ interesting _ I would like to watch it again .A. such ; that B. too; to C. so ; that 2.Lu Han is _ an excellent actor _ most teenagers like him .A. such ; that B. so ; that C. too ; to3. Tim is often heard _loudly in the next room .-Yes .Listen ! You can hear him _ there now !A. to sing ; singing B. sing ; singing C. singing ; to sing D. to sing ; to sing 4.-Can you catch what the speaker is saying ,Tina ?-Sorry . He speaks so fast that I can _ understand him .A. nearly B. hardly C. probably D. exactly 5.In many eastern European countries , you are supposed to _ your gloves before shaking hands.A. take off B. shut off C. cut off D. put off 6.Dont let homework _ too much time .Children need to play .A. give up B. take up C. cut off D. put off 7.-Tom ,lets hang out after school .-Sorry , I have _Frank to work on the biology report with him .A. advised B. expected C. promised 8.My mother is the first _person in my family .A. busy B. busier C. busiest D. the buiser9. In Switzerland ,keeping only one goldfish isnt _, because the government believes it is very bad to make such social animals live alone .A. stopped B. doubted C. refused D. allowed 10.I dont want to be _ else . I just want to be _.A. anybody ; myself B. somebody ; myself C. everybody ;me D. anybody ;me 11.The child is in danger .We have to _ him out of water at once .A. push B. throw C. put D. pull 12. I have something to point _.A. at B. out C. in D. for13.The thief went into the room _ the window .A. cross B. through C. across D. in 14.What are the most famous things _?A. see B. to see C. seeing D. saw 15. I believe _ my dream will come true one day .A. that B. which C. who D. what 三、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.-Can you hear anyone _(sing) in the classroom ?-It is Mary .2.Most teachers dont allow the students _(take) mobile phones to school now .3.The teacher came out of the classroom without _(say ) anything .4.The big noise _(wake ) everybody up .5.You should be careful not to get _(lose) in the forest .6. I _(think) you could go camping with us .7. I was surprised to see the beautiful _(sight).四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. I think he can do it better .(改為否定句)I _ _ he _ do it better .2.Lets do homework first .(改為否定句)_ _ do homework first .3.Walk across the bridge , and you will see it in front of you .(改為同義句)_ the bridge ,and you will see it in front of you .4.Jenny is singing in the classroom . I heard that when I passed by .(合并為一句)I _ Jenny _ the classroom when I passed by .5. Bruce is such a clever boy .(改為同義句)Bruce is _ _ a boy .五、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1. 我們在泰山頂部可以欣賞美景。We can enjoy the view _ _ _ _ Mount Tai .2. 讓我們齊心協(xié)力實現(xiàn)中國夢！Les _ _to achieve Chinese Dream !3.當(dāng)大火發(fā)生時，他們大聲叫喊，試圖把大家都喊醒。When the big fire broke out , they shouted loudly to try to _ _ _ .4.“光盤行動”要求人們不要浪費食物?！癈lean Plate Campaign “ asks people _ _ _ food .5.要是你們在這里該多好??！_ you _ here !六、習(xí)作英國學(xué)生Frank 八月底將來天津?qū)W習(xí)并住在李明家。請根據(jù)以下提示，以李明的名義給Frank 寫一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：1.Frank到來前，你們會給他準(zhǔn)備好房間。2.你爸爸送你們上學(xué)，媽媽做美味的食物。3.周末你們會邀請Frank游覽天津，如逛古文化街、乘船游海河。4.Frank喜歡打排球，你們可以一起看天津女排比賽。5.你相信參考詞匯：Tianjin Ancient Culture Street 天津古文化街 ； Haihe River 海河 ；Tianjin Womens Volleyball Team 天津女排Dear Frank ,Im happy to hear that at the end of August you will come to Tianjin to study and stay with my family .Im writing to say welcome to you .Before you arrive ,we will Looking forward to seeing you soon .Yours ,Li Ming