2019-2020年高中英語語法復(fù)習 第一講 時態(tài)講練語法精講 1一般現(xiàn)在時：經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作現(xiàn)在的特征狀態(tài)普遍真理，客觀存在，諺語格言，新聞標題，介紹說明，人物、作品評價等現(xiàn)在瞬間（多用于體育報道）1) He is always ready to help others. 2) It never snows in Guangzhou.3）The teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 4) Here es the bus.表示按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的情況（句中常有表未來的時間狀語）即按時刻表規(guī)定或難于改變，但限于少數(shù)動詞begin, e, leave , go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等。eg. The train leaves at 10 a.m. School begins next Monday.在時間或條件狀語從句中，多用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時。eg. He will e to see you before he leaves China.注意：有時從句中有情態(tài)動詞will，不是指將來，而是一種意愿或客套話。eg. If you will wait (=please wait ) a moment, Ill go and tell the manager that you are here.表示狀態(tài)、感覺、感情、從屬、心理活動的動詞，如be, exist, remain, stay, obtain; hear, see, seem, appear, smell(聞起來)，taste, look, sound, feel; love, like, hate, hope, prefer, refuse, want, wish ; belong to, contain, have, own, form; believe, doubt, know, remember, think等常用于一般現(xiàn)在時。 eg. 1) You see what I mean? 2) I want a book. 3) I think you are right.2一般過去時： 1）表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作，存在的狀態(tài)（包括習慣性動作）；2）在談到死者的情況時；3）表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，可用used to 或would 4) 虛擬語氣中。 eg. As we all know, Lu Xun was a great writer. Its high time that I went. Id rather you stayed here. If I were you, I wouldnt go. He used to catch fish in the river, but he doesnt now. (過去常做，暗含現(xiàn)在不做了)The old man would sit under the tree for several hours. (過去常做)3一般將來時：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。構(gòu)成：(1) will(shall)+do/be 意圖，想要做（事先未考慮）(2) be going to +do/be ：計劃好打算做; 某事即將發(fā)生。(3) be about to +do，（when 從句） ：正要做某事，（這時某事發(fā)生了）。(4) be to +do/be： 約定好/決定了一定要做或要發(fā)生的事。(5)e, go, arrive, leave, move, start等動詞可用進行時表示將來時。eg. Mum is ing back form Beijing; I will be meeting her at the station this afternoon.過去將來時：should + 動詞原形（第一人稱）；would +動詞原形, 等。4現(xiàn)在進行時/過去進行時：It smells terrible；I think something is burning.（現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作）Im just helping out before the new secretary es here.（現(xiàn)階段正在進行）The naughty boy is being quite quiet today.(表示一時的狀態(tài))We are meeting him after that. (計劃安排將來的動作)We are wondering if you can lend us a hand. (委婉語氣)I was hoping youd e back soon. (委婉語氣)Mum is always plaining about my studies.（感情色彩）The bridge is under construction/repair.5現(xiàn)在完成時：動作在說話之前已完成，且對現(xiàn)在有影響（句中無具體時間狀語）eg. He has gone to the United States. He has been to the USA twice. 動作始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還會持續(xù)下去。常用時間狀語如for a while, since, so far, now, today, this week/month等。eg. He has studied for 5 years. He has studied since 1995. Now I have finished my work.用于時間或條件狀語從句，強調(diào)動作先完成：Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.短暫性動詞如e, go, die, marry, buy, join等的完成時在肯定句中不能與一段時間連用，但否定句可以。“他參軍3年了”：He joined the army in xx.It is three years since he joined the army.He has been in the army for three years.He has served in the army for three years. He has been an army man for three years. He hasnt e back home for three years.區(qū)別：It is two months since he fell ill.(短暫性動詞。他病了兩個月了。) It is two months since he was ill.(延續(xù)性動詞。他病愈已有兩個月了。)6過去完成時：“過去的過去”；句中常用by then, by the end of last year, before, when等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語。7現(xiàn)在完成進行時：某一動作從過去開始，一直進行到現(xiàn)在，可能已經(jīng)完成；也可能繼續(xù)下去。 eg. -Sorry to have e late. -I havent been waiting long.( 可能已完成)We have been studying English for almost six years.( 可能未完成)