單單詞詞名名詞詞與自然現(xiàn)象有關(guān)：與自然現(xiàn)象有關(guān)：volcano, eruption, ash, hurricane, wave, typhoon, fog, thunderstorm, rainbow其它：其它：diagram, suit, questionnaire, equipment, database, helmet, boot, potential, candidate, bungalow, novelist, document, balcony, shot,sweat, anxiety, appreciation單單詞詞動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞erupt, appoint, evaluate, fountain, shoot, tremble, panic, bathe, guarantee形形容容詞詞absolute, actual, precious, anxious, uncomfortable, unconscious, diverse副副詞詞absolutely, alongside短短語語詞詞匯匯表表burn to the ground, make ones way, glance through, vary from . to .課課文文中中collect information for, in the path of, out of the way, be covered with, quite a few, take notice, for later study, thick forest, be home to, have a gift for句句式式1. . be about to . when .e.g. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.2. It takes +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+不定式短語不定式短語e.g. It takes about an hour to climb from the end of the road to the top of the mountain.語語法法復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式1. _ v. 爆發(fā)爆發(fā); 噴出火焰噴出火焰2. _ v. 配備配備3. _ v. 任命任命; 委任委任; 指定指定4. _ v. 評(píng)價(jià)評(píng)價(jià); 評(píng)估評(píng)估5. _ v. 預(yù)言預(yù)言; 預(yù)告預(yù)告; 預(yù)見預(yù)見 eruptequipappointevaluatepredict(一一) 基本基本單詞單詞6. _ adv. 完全地完全地7. _ adj. 潛在的潛在的8. _ v. & n. 保留保留; 預(yù)定預(yù)定9. _ n. 高高; 高度高度; 高處高處10. _ adj. 唯一唯一; 獨(dú)特獨(dú)特11. _ v. 洗澡；洗浴洗澡；洗浴 12. _ v. 喚醒喚醒; 激發(fā)激發(fā) 13. _ n. & v. 保證保證; 許諾許諾absolutelypotentialreserveheightuniquebathearouseguarantee14. volcanology n. _15. occasionally adv. _16. vary v. _17. protective adj. _18. actual adj. _19. unconscious adj. _20. appreciation n. _火山學(xué)火山學(xué)偶爾偶爾; 不經(jīng)常不經(jīng)常欣賞欣賞; 賞識(shí)賞識(shí); 評(píng)定評(píng)定; 鑒定鑒定相異相異; 使變化使變化保護(hù)的、防護(hù)的保護(hù)的、防護(hù)的實(shí)在的實(shí)在的; 實(shí)際的實(shí)際的不省人事的不省人事的; 未發(fā)覺的未發(fā)覺的1. _ n. 火山火山 _ adj. 火山的火山的 _ n. 火山學(xué)火山學(xué) _ n. 火山學(xué)家火山學(xué)家2. _ vt. 任命任命; 約定約定; 指定指定 _ n. 任命人任命人 _ n. 約會(huì)約會(huì) _ adj. 約定的約定的; 指定的指定的volcanicvolcanologyvolcanologist(二二) 派生單詞派生單詞volcanoappointerappointmentappointedappoint3. _ v. 呈現(xiàn)不同呈現(xiàn)不同; 改變改變; 變化變化 _ n. (質(zhì)量，種類或特征的質(zhì)量，種類或特征的) 變化變化 _ adj. 不同的，各種各樣的不同的，各種各樣的varietyvariousvary 4. _ adj. 絕對(duì)的絕對(duì)的; 完全的完全的; 無疑的無疑的 _ adv. 絕對(duì)地絕對(duì)地; 完全地完全地absolutelyabsolute1. _ 冒險(xiǎn)做什么冒險(xiǎn)做什么 2. _ 全部焚毀全部焚毀 3. _ 被任命為被任命為 4. _ 前往前往5. _ 有有天賦天賦6. _ 是是的家園的家園be home totake risks of doing sth.burn to the groundbe appointed asmake ones way to/towardshave a gift for(三三) 短語短語8. natural reserve _9. guarantee against _10. a great diversity of _11. give birth to _12. be enthusiastic about _ 13. glance through _14. be in a panic _ 處在恐慌中處在恐慌中自然保護(hù)區(qū)自然保護(hù)區(qū)保證不保證不多種的多種的分娩、出生分娩、出生對(duì)對(duì)很熱情很熱情/熱心熱心匆匆看一遍匆匆看一遍1. appoint vt. 任命任命; 委派委派; 約定約定; 指定指定 (時(shí)間時(shí)間, 地點(diǎn)等地點(diǎn)等) 【教材原句【教材原句】 I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. 二十年前二十年前, 作為一名火山學(xué)家作為一名火山學(xué)家, 我被派我被派到夏威夷火山觀測(cè)站到夏威夷火山觀測(cè)站(HVO)工作。工作?！就卣埂就卣埂?appoint sb. as / to be 任命某人為任命某人為 appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事委派某人做某事 appoint sth. (for sth.) (為某事為某事)確定確定(日期、場(chǎng)所日期、場(chǎng)所)翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。1) 戴維被任命為主席。戴維被任命為主席。 2) 她最近被任命為委員會(huì)成員。她最近被任命為委員會(huì)成員。3) 會(huì)議日期尚未確定。會(huì)議日期尚未確定。David was appointed (as) chairman.She has recently been appointed to the committee.A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.2. suit n. （從事活動(dòng)時(shí)穿的）成套服裝（從事活動(dòng)時(shí)穿的）成套服裝 vi. 適宜，有利于適宜，有利于 【教材原句【教材原句】 We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves. 我們都穿著白色的防護(hù)服遮住全身我們都穿著白色的防護(hù)服遮住全身, 戴戴 上了頭盔和特別的手套上了頭盔和特別的手套, 還穿了一雙大還穿了一雙大 靴子。靴子?！就卣埂就卣埂縮uit sth. to sth. 使某物適合于另一事物使某物適合于另一事物be suited for / to 適合適合be suitable for sb. / sth. 適合于某人適合于某人/某物某物be suitable to do sth. 適合做某事適合做某事【辨析【辨析】suit / fit / matchsuit常指花色、款式等方面適合。常指花色、款式等方面適合。fit常指衣服、鞋子等在尺寸、大小等常指衣服、鞋子等在尺寸、大小等方面適合。方面適合。match常指品質(zhì)、顏色、設(shè)計(jì)等方面常指品質(zhì)、顏色、設(shè)計(jì)等方面相稱。相稱。選用合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。選用合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。suit, fit, match1) Short skirts dont really _ me I havent got the legs for them.2) This programme is not _ for children.3) The trousers dont _ him; they are too small.suitsuitablefitsuit, fit, match4) If you want to go by bus, that _ me fine.5) The doors were painted blue to _ the walls.suits match3. shoot vt. 射中射中; 射傷射傷 【教材原句【教材原句】 She was shot. 她中槍了。她中槍了?！練w納【歸納】 shoot sb. /sth. 射中某人射中某人/某物某物 shoot at sb. 瞄準(zhǔn)某人瞄準(zhǔn)某人/某物某物翻譯下列句子翻譯下列句子。1) 他舉起槍他舉起槍, 向那只鳥射擊向那只鳥射擊, 但沒有射中。但沒有射中。 2) 警察擊中了那個(gè)小偷的腿部。警察擊中了那個(gè)小偷的腿部。 He lifted his gun and shot at the bird, but he didnt hit it.The policeman shot the thief in the leg.4. anxious adj. 憂慮的憂慮的; 不安的不安的 【教材原句【教材原句】 I was so anxious and couldnt move at first. 起初我很焦慮起初我很焦慮, 不敢動(dòng)彈。不敢動(dòng)彈。 【歸納【歸納】 be anxious about / for sb. / sth. = be worried about sb. / sth. 為為擔(dān)心擔(dān)心 be anxious to do sth. = be eager to do sth. 渴望渴望(急于急于)做某事做某事【拓展【拓展】anxiety n. 擔(dān)心擔(dān)心; 焦慮焦慮; 渴望渴望根據(jù)所給漢語及英語提示完成下列句子根據(jù)所給漢語及英語提示完成下列句子。1) 一些人乘飛機(jī)旅行時(shí)會(huì)感到焦慮。一些人乘飛機(jī)旅行時(shí)會(huì)感到焦慮。 Some people feel _ air travel.2) 把你的煩惱告訴醫(yī)生。把你的煩惱告訴醫(yī)生。 Share _ with your doctor.3) 他強(qiáng)烈渴望在賽跑中獲勝。他強(qiáng)烈渴望在賽跑中獲勝。 He has _ in the race.anxious aboutyour anxietiesa strong anxiety to win5. panic v. 受驚受驚; 驚慌驚慌 n. 驚慌驚慌; 恐慌恐慌 【教材原句【教材原句】 I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic. 我非常緊張我非常緊張, 不得不不得不 強(qiáng)迫自己不要驚慌。強(qiáng)迫自己不要驚慌。 【拓展【拓展】 panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人驚慌地做某事使某人驚慌地做某事 get into a panic 使陷入驚慌狀態(tài)使陷入驚慌狀態(tài) in panic 驚慌失措地驚慌失措地 panic over / about / at sth. 對(duì)某事感到恐慌對(duì)某事感到恐慌 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語提示完成下列句子根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語提示完成下列句子。1) When the fire broke out, the audience _ (陷入一片驚慌陷入一片驚慌).2) The crowd _ (因因而恐慌而恐慌) the sound of the guns and fled in all directions.3) _ (不要驚慌不要驚慌), boys; theres no danger.got into a panicpanicked at Dont panic6. guarantee v. 保證保證; 擔(dān)保擔(dān)保; 保修保修 n. 保證保證; 擔(dān)保擔(dān)保; 保修單保修單 【教材原句【教材原句】 If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, dont forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself. 如果你有幸同你所愛的人去游天池如果你有幸同你所愛的人去游天池, 別忘別忘 了許愿以確保你們的愛情像湖水一樣深了許愿以確保你們的愛情像湖水一樣深 厚、持久。厚、持久?！居梅ā居梅ā?guarantee sb. against / from. 保證某人免受損害、危險(xiǎn)等保證某人免受損害、危險(xiǎn)等 guarantee sb. sth. 對(duì)某人約定對(duì)某人約定或保證或保證 guarantee to do 保證某事發(fā)生保證某事發(fā)生 guarantee + that 從句從句（that可省略）可省略） under guarantee 在保用期內(nèi)在保用期內(nèi)翻譯下列句子翻譯下列句子。1) 我們不能保證我們的航班永不延誤。我們不能保證我們的航班永不延誤。2) 我們賣出的鞋有六個(gè)月的保修期。我們賣出的鞋有六個(gè)月的保修期。We cant guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.The shoes we sell have a six months / six-month guarantee.1. make ones way to 前往前往 【教材原句【教材原句】 It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre. 穿著這些衣服走起路來實(shí)在不容易穿著這些衣服走起路來實(shí)在不容易, 但但我們還是緩緩?fù)鹕娇诘倪吘壸呷ノ覀冞€是緩緩?fù)鹕娇诘倪吘壸呷? 并并且向下看到了紅紅的沸騰的中央。且向下看到了紅紅的沸騰的中央?！就卣埂就卣埂?make way for 為為讓路讓路 fight ones way 奮力前進(jìn)奮力前進(jìn) lose ones way 迷路迷路 feel ones way 摸索前進(jìn)摸索前進(jìn) force ones way 強(qiáng)行前進(jìn)強(qiáng)行前進(jìn); 擠出去擠出去 push ones way 擠出來擠出來 wind ones way 蜿蜒前進(jìn)蜿蜒前進(jìn)翻譯句子。翻譯句子。The man made his way towards the harbour.那位男子朝港口的方向走了。那位男子朝港口的方向走了?！就卣埂就卣埂?at a (single) glance 看一眼看一眼(就就) at first glance 乍一看、乍看之下乍一看、乍看之下 glance over 匆匆看一遍匆匆看一遍 2. glance through 匆匆看一遍匆匆看一遍 【教材原句【教材原句】 Glance through theses questions. 瀏覽這些問題。瀏覽這些問題?！颈嫖觥颈嫖觥?glance, glare, stareglance表示表示“一瞥、掃視一瞥、掃視”，強(qiáng)調(diào)瞬間動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)瞬間動(dòng)作作; glare表示表示“怒目而視怒目而視”;stare表示表示“凝視、盯著看凝視、盯著看”, 含有無理或含有無理或粗魯?shù)囊馕洞拄數(shù)囊馕? 也可以表示也可以表示“驚奇、害怕或驚奇、害怕或深思地看深思地看”。3. vary from.to. 從從到到不等不等 【教材原句【教材原句】 The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. 這里地面的高度從海拔這里地面的高度從海拔700米到米到2,000多米多米不等不等, 是多種稀有動(dòng)植物的生長(zhǎng)地。是多種稀有動(dòng)植物的生長(zhǎng)地?！就卣埂就卣埂?vary with 隨隨而變化而變化 vary between.and. 由由到到情況不等情況不等 a variety of. 種類繁多的種類繁多的, 大量的大量的 various adj. 不同種類的不同種類的, 多種多樣的多種多樣的1. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I dont mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. 雖然我的工作偶爾也有危險(xiǎn)雖然我的工作偶爾也有危險(xiǎn), 但是但是我并不在乎我并不在乎, 因?yàn)槲ｋU(xiǎn)能激勵(lì)我。因?yàn)槲ｋU(xiǎn)能激勵(lì)我?！癿ake sb. do sth.”句式表示句式表示“使某人使某人做某事做某事”。make為使役動(dòng)詞為使役動(dòng)詞, do為省略為省略了不定式符號(hào)了不定式符號(hào)to的不定式。的不定式。2. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 我剛要再睡我剛要再睡, 突然我的臥室亮如白晝。突然我的臥室亮如白晝。 “be about to do sth.”句式表示句式表示“即將做即將做某事某事”。表示有計(jì)劃、有安排地做某事。表示有計(jì)劃、有安排地做某事, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于mean to do sth., be going to do sth.。動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語形式作狀語1. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式可作狀語，表示時(shí)間、條件、形式可作狀語，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等，其邏原因、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等，其邏輯主語通常與句子的主語一致，動(dòng)詞輯主語通常與句子的主語一致，動(dòng)詞-ing形式所表示的動(dòng)作與主語之間構(gòu)成邏形式所表示的動(dòng)作與主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。輯上的主謂關(guān)系。e.g. Hearing the news, students all jumped with joy. Working hard, youll certainly make your dream come true. Seeing nobody in the office, I decided to leave them a note. I got home, feeling very tired. 2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作常形式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作常 與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，其完成式所表示與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，其完成式所表示 的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。e.g. Reading the book alone in his room, Peter nodded from time to time. Having eaten too much for supper, Tom couldnt go to sleep3. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加形式的否定形式常在其前面加not。 e.g. Not seeing Susan, I asked where she was. Not having done it right, he tried again. 4. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語形式作狀語, 其前往往可以加其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等連詞，構(gòu)成等連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞連詞+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 e.g. John hurt his leg while playing football. The woman paused for a while as if waiting for a reply. 5. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以有其獨(dú)立的邏輯主語，形式可以有其獨(dú)立的邏輯主語，二者構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。二者構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 e.g. Mr. Smith being ill, wed better put the meeting off. We explored the cave, Mike acting as guide.6. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時(shí)，形式或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時(shí)， 可轉(zhuǎn)換為相對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語從句?？赊D(zhuǎn)換為相對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語從句。e.g. Hearing the sad story, Emma was moved to tears. = When she heard the sad story, Emma was moved to tears. Not having done physical exercise for some time, Tim is not as energetic as before. = Because he hasnt done physical exercise for some time, Tim is not as energetic as before. Time permitting, Id like to see the new film. = If time permits, Id like to see the new film.用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下面短文。用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下面短文。 1. _ (cause) more serious accidents last year than ever, young motorists now face stricter rules from the US Traffic Safety Board. 2. _ (concern) for the safety of people, experts hold the view that young drivers especially should be banned from the roads at night. 3. _ (have) a few drinks with their friends in a pub, young motorists often feel overconfident behind the wheel. Having causedConcernedHaving hadThe worst time for accidents is Friday and Saturday nights. Although 4. _ (drive) less than adults at night, teenagers are involved in more deathly accidents. In many southern states, with an adult holding a driving license 5. _ (sit) beside them, children of 15 or 16 are allowed to drive. The state issuing driving licenses to the youngest drivers is Arkansas. There children of 14 may drive under supervision (監(jiān)督監(jiān)督) of an adult. 6. _ (drive) for two years the teenagers are then issued an official license. drivingHaving drivensittingThey are only 16. Most experts agree that, 7. _ (be) so young, youths cannot all be expected to act like responsible drivers. 8. _ (realize) this, several states have started to change the respective state laws. beingHaving realized如何介紹旅游景點(diǎn)如何介紹旅游景點(diǎn) 【寫作任務(wù)【寫作任務(wù)】 假設(shè)你是李華，你的新西蘭筆友假設(shè)你是李華，你的新西蘭筆友Nick將于八月來四川旅游，特來信詢問有關(guān)旅將于八月來四川旅游，特來信詢問有關(guān)旅游景點(diǎn)情況。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所提供的要點(diǎn)，游景點(diǎn)情況。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所提供的要點(diǎn)，寫一封回信，并表示盼望他的到來。寫一封回信，并表示盼望他的到來。 旅游資源旅游資源 許多世界著名的風(fēng)景名勝，許多世界著名的風(fēng)景名勝，如：九寨溝（海子：清澈如：九寨溝（海子：清澈見底；色彩斑斕）都江堰見底；色彩斑斕）都江堰水利工程（水利工程（2000多年歷史；多年歷史；仍在發(fā)揮作用）仍在發(fā)揮作用）相關(guān)信息相關(guān)信息 氣候適宜；交通方便氣候適宜；交通方便 注意：注意：1. 詞數(shù)詞數(shù)100左右，信的格式及開頭已為你寫好左右，信的格式及開頭已為你寫好 （不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。（不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。2. 可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文 連貫。連貫。3. 參考詞匯：省份參考詞匯：省份province；海子；海子lake；都江；都江 堰水利工程堰水利工程Dujiangyan Irrigation ProjectDear Nick,Im glad to hear that youre coming to Sichuan in August. _Yours sincerely, Li Hua【寫作指導(dǎo)【寫作指導(dǎo)】介紹旅游景點(diǎn)屬于說明文，所以它首先應(yīng)具備介紹旅游景點(diǎn)屬于說明文，所以它首先應(yīng)具備說明文的特點(diǎn)，即要按照一定的順序（時(shí)間順說明文的特點(diǎn)，即要按照一定的順序（時(shí)間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序等）和模式（先總后序、空間順序、邏輯順序等）和模式（先總后分、由整體到局部、由概述到細(xì)節(jié)等）來展開分、由整體到局部、由概述到細(xì)節(jié)等）來展開描寫。其次，要重點(diǎn)突出，詳略得當(dāng)。寫作時(shí)描寫。其次，要重點(diǎn)突出，詳略得當(dāng)。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)重點(diǎn)描寫旅游景點(diǎn)的特別之處，突出其獨(dú)特應(yīng)重點(diǎn)描寫旅游景點(diǎn)的特別之處，突出其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景特色、歷史典故、地理風(fēng)貌、風(fēng)土人情、的風(fēng)景特色、歷史典故、地理風(fēng)貌、風(fēng)土人情、傳說故事、民族習(xí)俗或古跡名勝等，這樣才能傳說故事、民族習(xí)俗或古跡名勝等，這樣才能給讀者留下深刻的印象。最后，語言要生動(dòng)，給讀者留下深刻的印象。最后，語言要生動(dòng)，富有感染力，使讀者有身臨其境之感且富有感染力，使讀者有身臨其境之感且能激起其強(qiáng)烈的旅游欲望。能激起其強(qiáng)烈的旅游欲望。此類寫作一般分為三部分：此類寫作一般分為三部分：第一部分：整體介紹。交代清楚自己要介第一部分：整體介紹。交代清楚自己要介 紹的對(duì)象是什么。紹的對(duì)象是什么。第二部分：按照一定的順序具體描寫景第二部分：按照一定的順序具體描寫景 觀，著重展示其最具有代表性觀，著重展示其最具有代表性 的地方，使讀者如睹其物，如的地方，使讀者如睹其物，如 臨其境。臨其境。第三部分：總結(jié)景觀魅力，希望讀者能親第三部分：總結(jié)景觀魅力，希望讀者能親 身體驗(yàn)該景觀。身體驗(yàn)該景觀。另外，在寫作過程中我們還要注意：另外，在寫作過程中我們還要注意：1. 合理安排說明順序。在介紹方位時(shí)，最好按合理安排說明順序。在介紹方位時(shí)，最好按 空間順序來寫，這樣會(huì)使讀者一目了然，在空間順序來寫，這樣會(huì)使讀者一目了然，在 腦海中有一個(gè)清晰的方位圖。腦海中有一個(gè)清晰的方位圖。2. 時(shí)態(tài)較為統(tǒng)一。多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如涉及到時(shí)態(tài)較為統(tǒng)一。多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如涉及到 歷史事件的描述，則用一般過去時(shí)。歷史事件的描述，則用一般過去時(shí)。3. 自然景觀與人文景觀的有機(jī)結(jié)合。不同的風(fēng)自然景觀與人文景觀的有機(jī)結(jié)合。不同的風(fēng) 景區(qū)有不同的特點(diǎn)，要對(duì)每個(gè)地方的自然風(fēng)景區(qū)有不同的特點(diǎn)，要對(duì)每個(gè)地方的自然風(fēng) 景進(jìn)行描述，同時(shí)結(jié)合景觀的歷史及當(dāng)?shù)氐木斑M(jìn)行描述，同時(shí)結(jié)合景觀的歷史及當(dāng)?shù)氐?風(fēng)土人情、生態(tài)、環(huán)境保護(hù)等知識(shí)，以達(dá)到風(fēng)土人情、生態(tài)、環(huán)境保護(hù)等知識(shí)，以達(dá)到 自然景觀和人文景觀的和諧統(tǒng)一。自然景觀和人文景觀的和諧統(tǒng)一。4. 抒發(fā)感情，融情于景。景點(diǎn)介紹不同于一般抒發(fā)感情，融情于景。景點(diǎn)介紹不同于一般 的說明文，在描寫景物時(shí)可抒發(fā)個(gè)人情感，的說明文，在描寫景物時(shí)可抒發(fā)個(gè)人情感， 也可對(duì)景物進(jìn)行生動(dòng)細(xì)致的描寫。也可對(duì)景物進(jìn)行生動(dòng)細(xì)致的描寫?！境Ｓ帽磉_(dá)【常用表達(dá)】. lie(s) in / on / to the east / west / north / south of .Located in ., . covers an area of . is located / lies in / to / on ., covering an area of . has become one of the most popular tourist attractions for . be known / famous for / as .It has a population / an area of ., with a history of .The weather here gets neither too cold nor too hot all the year round. rich in tourist attractions and enjoy many world-famous places of interest, such as . well known for ., which .If you come to . for a visit, you will have a chance to enjoy ., known as ., attracts visitors from all over the world.Youve made a wise choice to travel .Besides, the nice weather and convenient transportation . can make your trip more enjoyable.A walk around . is a feast for your eyes.Im sure youll have a good time.【參考范文【參考范文】Dear Nick, Im glad to hear that youre coming to Sichuan in August. Youve made a wise choice to travel here. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful. It can excite visitors imagination. Another attraction is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It was built over 2,000 years ago and is still playing an important part in irrigation today. Besides, the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make your trip more enjoyable. Im sure youll have a good time. Im looking forward to your coming. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1. (2014浙江改編浙江改編) Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ (appoint) to guard her. 答案：答案：appointed 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞考查非謂語動(dòng)詞 句意：句意：Amie Salmon, 殘疾殘疾, 委派一位護(hù)士全委派一位護(hù)士全程陪她上學(xué)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知程陪她上學(xué)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 此處是此處是nurse后后的定語的定語; appoint與與nurse之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系關(guān)系, 故要用過去分詞作定語。故要用過去分詞作定語。2. (2014福建改編福建改編) It is widely acknowledged that students should _ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality. 答案：答案：be evaluated 句意：句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該用綜合能力對(duì)學(xué)人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該用綜合能力對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。生進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。3. (2014江蘇改編江蘇改編) The lecture _ been given, a lively question-and-answer session followed. 答案：答案：having考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。a lively question-and-answer session followed緊跟著緊跟著是一個(gè)問答環(huán)節(jié)是一個(gè)問答環(huán)節(jié), 是句子主干是句子主干, 所以逗號(hào)前面所以逗號(hào)前面部分是要用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語部分是要用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語, the lecture與與give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 又又give動(dòng)作發(fā)生在動(dòng)作發(fā)生在follow動(dòng)作之前動(dòng)作之前, 所以要用所以要用having been done形式作狀語形式作狀語, 即表示被動(dòng)即表示被動(dòng), 又強(qiáng)調(diào)完成。又強(qiáng)調(diào)完成。4.（2016天津）天津）4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _ air conditioning unnecessary. A. making B. to make C. made D. being made 答案：答案：A, 分析：分析：making是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞表必然結(jié)果，語?，F(xiàn)在分詞表必然結(jié)果，to do不定式表出不定式表出乎意料的結(jié)果。乎意料的結(jié)果?！皼鲲L(fēng)從臥室的窗外吹進(jìn)來，涼風(fēng)從臥室的窗外吹進(jìn)來，必然使得空調(diào)是沒必要打開的。必然使得空調(diào)是沒必要打開的。5.（2016北京）北京）32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _ the old town into a dreamland. A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned 答案：答案：B, 分析：分析：turning是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞表必然結(jié)果，語?，F(xiàn)在分詞表必然結(jié)果，to do不定式表出不定式表出乎意料的結(jié)果。乎意料的結(jié)果?！靶陆顺膳诺哪局品课?，新建了成排的木制房屋，必然會(huì)使這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)變成了夢(mèng)想之地。必然會(huì)使這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)變成了夢(mèng)想之地。6.（2016浙江）浙江）19. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 答案：答案：A, 分析：分析：working是現(xiàn)在分詞做方式是現(xiàn)在分詞做方式狀語，句意：我在海上航行和現(xiàn)在與學(xué)生在狀語，句意：我在海上航行和現(xiàn)在與學(xué)生在一起一樣快樂。一起一樣快樂。I和和work是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語。分詞作時(shí)間狀語。7.（2015湖南）湖南）30.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, _ whether to stay or leave. A. wondering B. wonder Cto wonder Dwondered 答案：答案：A 解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主句的主解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主句的主語語she與動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞wonder構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用因此用v.-ing形式作伴隨狀語，故選形式作伴隨狀語，故選A。句意：。句意：當(dāng)那個(gè)小職員看到一張善良的面孔泛起皺紋當(dāng)那個(gè)小職員看到一張善良的面孔泛起皺紋并歉意地一笑時(shí)，她像生了根一樣站在那兒，并歉意地一笑時(shí)，她像生了根一樣站在那兒，不知道是走還是留。不知道是走還是留。 8.（2015重慶）重慶）11. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way _ the sun and the stars. A. used B. having used C. using D. use 答案：答案：C 解析：試題分析：句意：象古代解析：試題分析：句意：象古代的水手，鳥能利用太陽和星辰來找到他們的水手，鳥能利用太陽和星辰來找到他們的路。的路。Using是伴隨狀語。選是伴隨狀語。選C。 9.（2015天津）天津）8. _ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. A. To work B. Worked C. To be working D. Having worked 答案：答案：D解析：試題分析：句意：工作了兩天，解析：試題分析：句意：工作了兩天，Steve成功的按時(shí)完成了他的報(bào)告。句中的邏輯主成功的按時(shí)完成了他的報(bào)告。句中的邏輯主語為語為Steve，與，與work之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，這里用在分詞，這里用having worked，表示動(dòng)作的，表示動(dòng)作的先后性。故選先后性。故選D。 1. That kind of behaviour is _ to make him angry.2. I _ when I saw a snake coming out of my room.3. I think Bob is ill. He has a fever and hes _ a lot.4. Ive known Barbara for years. Since we were babies, _. I. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空選用方框內(nèi)合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。panickedguaranteedactual, appreciate, guarantee, panic, sweat, wavesweatingactually5. At night, I listened to the sound of the _ crashing against the shore.6. Ill be sending them a donation in _ of their help.wavesappreciationactual, appreciate, guarantee, panic, sweat, waveII. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. The floor was covered _ a sheet of plastic.2. I was so busy this morning I could only glance _ the newspaper.3. Those anxious _ reform say that the present system is too narrow.4. In length, the sticks vary from 3 cm _ 5 cm.5. When they arrived, the house had been burnt _ the ground.withthrough/ atfortotoIII. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1. The old farmer came out of the _ (burn) house, calling for help.2. _ (record) the results of the experiment, Kate closed her notebook.3. _ (stare) out the window at the rain, Bob became more and more impatient.4. _ (suffer) from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.burningHaving recordedStaringHaving suffered5. _ (tremble) with cold, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave.6. _ (jump) up and down, the cheerleaders urged the team on.Trembling JumpingIV. 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A huge dam is to be built on the Congo River.The first stage of the Grand Inga project, Inga 3, will cost $14 bn and consist 1. _ a dam crossing one channel of the Congo River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) at Inga Falls and a 4,800 MW hydro-electric (水水力發(fā)電的力發(fā)電的) plant. 2. _ (follow) stages could cross the whole river, producing 40,000 MW of electricity. ofFollowingThis would be twice the amount 3. _ (produce) by the Three Gorges Dam in China and could provide Africa with 40% of its electricity. 35,000 people would have to move in the first stage and another 25,000 after that. The plan has made environmentalists 4. _ (comfort). They say the dam will not only result in the removal of tens ofthousands of people 5. _ permanent damage to the ecosystem. uncomfortableproduced butBruno Kapandji, who 6. _ (appoint) as head of Grand Inga at the end of 2015, however, says it is 7. _ (absolute) necessary as it is the only solution to DRCs energy problems. It could easily supply Kinshasha and other cities, as well as providing energy to export, 8. _ (solve) DRCs economic problems too. The DRC, 9. _ has already guaranteed to supply South Africa with 2,500 MW of electricity by 2021, is anxious to come to a(n) 10. _ (agree) with prospective (有希望的有希望的) dam builders soon.was appointed absolutelysolvingwhichagreement