單單詞詞名名詞詞cigarette, alcohol, stress, abuse withdrawal, pill, needle, cigar, abortion, effect, adolescence, adolescent, packet, sex, chemist, comprehension, appendix, survival, lung, prejudice, judgement動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞ban, accustom, strengthen, quit單單詞詞形形容容詞詞alcoholic, adolescent, addicted, accustomed, automatic, ashamed, awkward, abnormal, breathless, desperate, disappointed, pregnant, embarrassed, female, due, illegal, male, mental, tough, unfit副副詞詞automatically, mentally, etc短短語語詞詞匯匯表表due to, addicted to, accustomed to, decide on, feel like (doing), at risk, in spite of, take risks (a risk), get into課課文文中中at ones age, by the way, after a while, in pain, do damage to, in some way, throw away, instead of, reach for, for the same reason句句式式1. It is / was time to do sth. e.g. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.2. . how +形容詞形容詞+ it is to do sth.e.g. I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.語語法法“it”的用法的用法(一一)(一一) 基本基本單詞單詞1. _ vt. 濫用濫用; 虐待虐待2. _ adj. 性的性的; 性別的性別的3. _ n. 壓力壓力 vt. 加壓力于加壓力于4. _ n. 青少年青少年 5. _ vt. 禁止禁止, 取締取締6. _ adj. 入了迷的入了迷的7. _ adj. 無意識(shí)的無意識(shí)的abusesexualstressadolescencebanaddictedautomatic8. _ adj. 欠款的欠款的; 到期的到期的9. _ adj. 精神的精神的; 智力的智力的10. _ n. 結(jié)果結(jié)果; 效力效力duementaleffect11. strengthen vt. _12. desperate adj. _13. disappointed adj. _14. ashamed adj. _15. illegal adj. _加強(qiáng)加強(qiáng); 鞏固鞏固不顧一切的不顧一切的; 絕望的絕望的失望的失望的; 沮喪的沮喪的感到慚愧的感到慚愧的不合法的不合法的; 非法的非法的16. survival n. _17. female adj. _18. prejudice n. _19. judgement n. _20. awkward adj. _幸存者幸存者; 幸存幸存女女(性性)的的; 雌性的雌性的偏見偏見; 成見成見判斷判斷; 看法看法; 判決判決局促不安的局促不安的; 笨拙的笨拙的1. _ vt. 加強(qiáng)加強(qiáng); 鞏固鞏固; 使堅(jiān)強(qiáng)使堅(jiān)強(qiáng) vi. 變強(qiáng)變強(qiáng) _ adj. 強(qiáng)大的強(qiáng)大的, 強(qiáng)壯的強(qiáng)壯的 _ n. 力量力量, 力氣力氣strengthstrong(二二) 派生單詞派生單詞strengthen2. _ adj. 入了迷的入了迷的, 上了癮的上了癮的 _ v. 使沉溺使沉溺, 熱衷于熱衷于 _ n. 熱衷熱衷, 沉溺沉溺, 嗜好嗜好 _ 搭配搭配沉溺于沉溺于, 對(duì)對(duì)有癮有癮be addicted to/addict oneself toaddictaddictionaddicted3. _ n. 結(jié)果結(jié)果; 效力效力 _ adj. 有效的有效的 _ adv. 有效地有效地 _ vt. 影響影響effectiveeffectivelyaffecteffect 4. _ adj. 失望的失望的; 沮喪的沮喪的 _ vt. 使使失望失望; 使使沮喪沮喪 _ adj. 令人失望的令人失望的; 令人沮喪的令人沮喪的 _ n. 失望失望; 沮喪沮喪disappointdisappointingdisappointmentdisappointed5. _ adj. 感到慚愧或羞恥的感到慚愧或羞恥的 _ n. 羞恥羞恥; 慚愧慚愧; 遺憾的事情遺憾的事情 _ adj. 可恥的可恥的; 慚愧的慚愧的 _ adj. 無恥的無恥的; 不知羞恥的不知羞恥的shameshamefulshamelessashamed6. _ n. 壓力壓力; 重音重音 vt. 加壓力于加壓力于 _ adj. 產(chǎn)生壓力的產(chǎn)生壓力的; 緊張的緊張的 _ adj. 感到有壓力的感到有壓力的; 緊張的緊張的stressfulstressedstress1. 節(jié)食節(jié)食, 控制飲食控制飲食 _2. 冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn) _3. 習(xí)慣于某事習(xí)慣于某事 _ _4. 對(duì)對(duì)上癮上癮 _5. 對(duì)對(duì)造成損害造成損害 _go / be on a diettake risks / take a riskbe/become accustomed to (doing) sth.be addicted todo damage to(三三) 短語短語6. 形成形成習(xí)慣習(xí)慣 _ _7. 列出列出 _ 8. 伸手去拿伸手去拿 _9. 被被感染感染 _ _10. 處境危險(xiǎn)處境危險(xiǎn) _get into / form / develop the habit of .make a list ofreach forbe / become infected with / byat risk11. lead a healthy life _12. in spite of _13. give up _14. make a judgment _15. feel like doing _過著健康的生活過著健康的生活盡管盡管, 不顧不顧, 不管不管放棄放棄做出判斷做出判斷想做某事想做某事16. take seriously _17. ban sb. from doing sth. _18. be ashamed of _ _19. decide on _20. stand for _認(rèn)真對(duì)待認(rèn)真對(duì)待禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事對(duì)對(duì)感到慚愧感到慚愧或羞恥或羞恥對(duì)對(duì)做出決定做出決定代表代表1. abuse n. 濫用濫用, 妄用妄用; 虐待虐待, 傷害傷害; 辱罵辱罵 vt. 濫用濫用; 虐待虐待; 辱罵辱罵, 詆毀詆毀 【教材原句【教材原句】 drug abuse 濫用藥物濫用藥物【拓展【拓展】 alcohol abuse 酗酒酗酒 abuse of power 職權(quán)的弊端職權(quán)的弊端根據(jù)漢語意思補(bǔ)全下列句子。根據(jù)漢語意思補(bǔ)全下列句子。1) 這個(gè)人濫用自己作為經(jīng)理的職權(quán)這個(gè)人濫用自己作為經(jīng)理的職權(quán), 給他的給他的朋友們安排工作。朋友們安排工作。 This man _ as manager by _. 2) 該組織對(duì)嚴(yán)重侵犯人權(quán)的行為負(fù)有責(zé)任。該組織對(duì)嚴(yán)重侵犯人權(quán)的行為負(fù)有責(zé)任。The organisation was responsible for _.abused his positiongiving jobs to his friendsserious human rights abuses【拓展【拓展】under the stress (of) 在在壓力下壓力下play/place/put lay stress on sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)某事強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物物stress the importance of 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)的重要性的重要性stressful adj. 壓力重的，緊張的壓力重的，緊張的stressed adj. 緊張的，感到有壓力的緊張的，感到有壓力的2. stress n. 壓力壓力; 重音；強(qiáng)調(diào)，重要性重音；強(qiáng)調(diào)，重要性 vt. 強(qiáng)調(diào)；用重音讀；（使）焦強(qiáng)調(diào)；用重音讀；（使）焦 慮不安，疲憊不堪（常與慮不安，疲憊不堪（常與out連用）連用）根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。1) 人在壓力之下人在壓力之下, 辦事情就容易出差錯(cuò)。辦事情就容易出差錯(cuò)。 Things can easily go wrong when people are _.2) 我必須強(qiáng)調(diào)我們沒有多少時(shí)間了。我必須強(qiáng)調(diào)我們沒有多少時(shí)間了。 I must _ we havent much time.3) 在演講中在演講中, 他特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了出版自由。他特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了出版自由。 During his speech, he _ _ the freedom of the press.under stressstress thatput/placed/laidparticular stress on3. ban vt. 禁止禁止; 取締取締 n. 禁令禁令; 譴責(zé)譴責(zé) 后常接介詞后常接介詞on 【教材原句【教材原句】 Do you think smoking should be banned? 你認(rèn)為吸煙應(yīng)該被禁止嗎？你認(rèn)為吸煙應(yīng)該被禁止嗎？ 【歸納【歸納】 ban sth. / ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人或某物做某事禁止某人或某物做某事 a ban on sth. 對(duì)某事物的禁止令對(duì)某事物的禁止令ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人禁止某人(做做)某事某事(常用被動(dòng)式常用被動(dòng)式)a ban on sb. /sth. 禁止某人或某事物禁止某人或某事物 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列句子根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。1) The man _ _ (被禁止離開法國(guó)被禁止離開法國(guó)).2) _ _ (應(yīng)應(yīng) 該禁止大聲說話該禁止大聲說話) in the library.was banned from leaving There should be a ban on talking loudly/ Talking loudly should be bannedFrance4. due adj. 欠款的欠款的; 預(yù)定的預(yù)定的; 到期的到期的 【教材原句【教材原句】 I think long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之所以長(zhǎng)壽而且精力充沛我想我之所以長(zhǎng)壽而且精力充沛, 要?dú)w要?dú)w功于我的健康生活。功于我的健康生活。【拓展【拓展】 be due to do sth. 預(yù)期做某事預(yù)期做某事, 預(yù)定要做某事預(yù)定要做某事 be due to sth. / doing sth. / sb. 歸因于某事歸因于某事/做某事應(yīng)支付做某事應(yīng)支付 be due for sth. 應(yīng)有應(yīng)有; 應(yīng)得到應(yīng)得到將下列句子翻譯成英語將下列句子翻譯成英語。1) 多數(shù)問題是人為錯(cuò)誤造成的。多數(shù)問題是人為錯(cuò)誤造成的。2) 羅斯一月份就要開始上學(xué)了。羅斯一月份就要開始上學(xué)了。Most of the problems were due to human error.Rose is due to start school in January.5. addicted adj. 入了迷的入了迷的; 上了癮的上了癮的 【教材原句【教材原句】 You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. 你知道你知道, 當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)十幾歲孩子的時(shí)候當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)十幾歲孩子的時(shí)候, 我也吸我也吸過煙過煙, 而且還上了癮。而且還上了癮。【拓展【拓展】 be / become addicted to 沉溺于沉溺于, 醉心于醉心于 addict oneself to 使自己沉溺于、醉心于使自己沉溺于、醉心于 addiction n. 入迷入迷; 上癮上癮【拓展【拓展】 quit doing sth. 放棄放棄/停止干某事停止干某事 quit office 離職離職 quit school 退學(xué)退學(xué) quit ones hometown 離開家鄉(xiāng)離開家鄉(xiāng) be quit of 擺脫擺脫, 脫離脫離, 免除免除 6. quit vi. 離開離開; 辭職辭職; 停止停止 vt. 離開離開; 放棄放棄, 解除解除; 停止停止 【教材原句【教材原句】 I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. 我之所以上癮是有著這三個(gè)方面的原因的我之所以上癮是有著這三個(gè)方面的原因的, 因此因此, 要戒煙就很難。要戒煙就很難?！就卣埂就卣埂?have an/little/no effect on 對(duì)對(duì)有有/幾乎沒有幾乎沒有/無影響無影響 put/bring sth. into effect 實(shí)施實(shí)施, 實(shí)行實(shí)行, 使生效使生效7. effect n. 結(jié)果結(jié)果; 效力效力 【教材原句【教材原句】 When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking. 在我年輕的時(shí)候在我年輕的時(shí)候, 關(guān)于吸煙的危害性我知關(guān)于吸煙的危害性我知 道得并不多。道得并不多。come into effect / take effect 生效生效; 開始實(shí)施開始實(shí)施in effect 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上；在實(shí)施中，有效實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上；在實(shí)施中，有效 side effect 副作用副作用根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子。1) What I said _ (對(duì)他沒對(duì)他沒有作用有作用).2) The new tax law will _ (開始實(shí)施開始實(shí)施) next year.had no effect on him come/go into effect【拓展【拓展】 be ashamed of 因因而感到慚愧而感到慚愧 be ashamed to do sth. 恥于做某事恥于做某事 be ashamed that . 對(duì)對(duì)慚愧慚愧 be ashamed of doing sth. 做某事感到慚愧做某事感到慚愧 be ashamed of sth. 對(duì)對(duì)感到慚愧感到慚愧 8. ashamed adj. 感到慚愧或羞恥的感到慚愧或羞恥的 【教材原句【教材原句】 If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed. 如果你因意志衰弱而又如果你因意志衰弱而又 抽煙了抽煙了, 也不要覺得難為情。也不要覺得難為情。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示翻譯下列句子根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示翻譯下列句子。1) 他恥于承認(rèn)他犯的錯(cuò)誤。他恥于承認(rèn)他犯的錯(cuò)誤。(be ashamed to do sth.)2) 我真慚愧我對(duì)她撒謊了。我真慚愧我對(duì)她撒謊了。(be ashamed that .)He was ashamed to admit (to) his mistake. Im ashamed that I lied to her. 3) 他對(duì)自己只做了這么一點(diǎn)兒工作感到慚愧。他對(duì)自己只做了這么一點(diǎn)兒工作感到慚愧。(be ashamed of doing sth.)4) 她對(duì)自己在聚會(huì)上的表現(xiàn)深感慚愧。她對(duì)自己在聚會(huì)上的表現(xiàn)深感慚愧。(be ashamed of sth.)He was ashamed of having done so little work.She was deeply ashamed of her behavior at the party.1. be/become/get accustomed to (doing) sth.變得習(xí)慣變得習(xí)慣 【教材原句【教材原句】 This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. 這就是說這就是說, 過一段時(shí)間以后過一段時(shí)間以后, 你的身體習(xí)慣了你的身體習(xí)慣了 香煙里的尼古丁。香煙里的尼古丁?！韭?lián)想【聯(lián)想】 be/ become/ get used to (doing) sth. 變得習(xí)慣變得習(xí)慣 get adapted to 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于2. feel like (doing) sth. 想要想要 / 喜歡喜歡(做做)某事物某事物 【教材原句【教材原句】 Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. 每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時(shí)候每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時(shí)候, 你就提醒你自你就提醒你自 己己, 你你(已經(jīng)已經(jīng))是不吸煙的人了。是不吸煙的人了。【歸納【歸納】feel like (doing)后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式; 也可意為也可意為“摸起來像、像是摸起來像、像是 ”。【拓展【拓展】would like也可表示也可表示“想要想要”, 后跟名后跟名詞詞或動(dòng)詞不定式?；騽?dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下列句子根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下列句子。1) My foreign friends _ _ (想吃一些餃子想吃一些餃子).2) The old couple _ _ (愿愿意去散步意去散步) after dinner.3) Im holding something _ (摸起來像是土豆摸起來像是土豆).feel like / would likefeel like going out for athat feels like a potatosome dumplings walk/would like to go out for a walk3. in spite of 不顧不顧; 不管不管 【教材原句【教材原句】 In spite of all his efforts he failed. 盡管他很努力但卻失敗了。盡管他很努力但卻失敗了。【拓展【拓展】despite prep. 盡管盡管in spite of / despite the fact that although / though從句從句 不管不管; 盡管盡管in spite of oneself 不由自主地不由自主地 regardless of 不管不管, 不顧不顧根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下列句子。根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下列句子。They set out in the morning _ (不顧大雨不顧大雨).in spite of the heavy rain4. take risks (a risk) 冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn) 【教材原句【教材原句】 He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks. 他認(rèn)為他認(rèn)為, 他必須下決心走好每一步他必須下決心走好每一步, 而不而不 是去冒險(xiǎn)。是去冒險(xiǎn)?！就卣埂就卣埂?at risk to sb. / sth. 冒失去或殃及冒失去或殃及的危險(xiǎn)的危險(xiǎn) at all risks / at any risk 無論冒什么危險(xiǎn)無論冒什么危險(xiǎn); 無論如何無論如何 at the risk of doing sth. 冒著冒著的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) run the risk of doing sth. 冒做某事的危險(xiǎn)冒做某事的危險(xiǎn) / 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn); 冒險(xiǎn)做某事冒險(xiǎn)做某事 risk doing sth. 冒做某事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)冒做某事的風(fēng)險(xiǎn); 冒險(xiǎn)做某事冒險(xiǎn)做某事根據(jù)中英文提示完成下列句子根據(jù)中英文提示完成下列句子。1) 他冒著自己的生命危險(xiǎn)救了我的命。他冒著自己的生命危險(xiǎn)救了我的命。 He saved my life _ his own.2) 他不愿意冒喪失金錢的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。他不愿意冒喪失金錢的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 He is not willing to _ losing his money.3) 他們準(zhǔn)備冒險(xiǎn)獨(dú)自去旅行。他們準(zhǔn)備冒險(xiǎn)獨(dú)自去旅行。 They are prepared to _ on their own.at the risk of run/take the risk of risk traveling 5. get into 陷入陷入; 染上染上(壞習(xí)慣壞習(xí)慣); (尤指費(fèi)力尤指費(fèi)力 地地)穿上穿上; 開始從事開始從事; 參與參與, 開開 始始(某事某事) 【教材原句【教材原句】 Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place. 當(dāng)然對(duì)付這些毒品最好的辦法是首先不要當(dāng)然對(duì)付這些毒品最好的辦法是首先不要 養(yǎng)成這一習(xí)慣。養(yǎng)成這一習(xí)慣?！韭?lián)想【聯(lián)想】 get rid of 擺脫擺脫, 逃離逃離 get away from 從從中逃脫中逃脫 get out of 從從中出來中出來 get outside of 到到外面去外面去翻譯下列句子翻譯下列句子。1) I cant get into these shoes theyre too small.2) He wouldnt take advice, and now he has got into difficulties.3) Dont let yourself get into bad habits. 這雙鞋太小這雙鞋太小, 我穿不進(jìn)去。我穿不進(jìn)去。他不聽忠告他不聽忠告, 結(jié)果現(xiàn)在陷入困境。結(jié)果現(xiàn)在陷入困境。別讓自己染上惡習(xí)。別讓自己染上惡習(xí)。1. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. 感到驚奇吧感到驚奇吧, 像我這樣的年紀(jì)像我這樣的年紀(jì), 身體健康而身體健康而且能在一個(gè)下午騎車跑且能在一個(gè)下午騎車跑20公里。公里。 “it seems . that .”句式中句式中, it是形式主語是形式主語, that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作真正的主語。該引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作真正的主語。該句型使句子成分平衡句型使句子成分平衡, 結(jié)構(gòu)美觀。結(jié)構(gòu)美觀。2. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew that it was time to quit smoking. 當(dāng)我因?yàn)椴唤】刀粚W(xué)校足球隊(duì)除名之當(dāng)我因?yàn)椴唤】刀粚W(xué)校足球隊(duì)除名之 后后, 我才知道是我該戒煙的時(shí)候了。我才知道是我該戒煙的時(shí)候了。 “it was time to do sth.” 句式表示句式表示“是時(shí)是時(shí)候候 該做某事了該做某事了”, 其中其中, it是形式主語是形式主語, 不定不定 式短語作真正的主語。當(dāng)真正的主語為式短語作真正的主語。當(dāng)真正的主語為 從句時(shí)從句時(shí), 常用虛擬語氣。常用虛擬語氣。3. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. 每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時(shí)候每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時(shí)候, 你就提醒你自你就提醒你自 己己, 你你(已經(jīng)已經(jīng))是不吸煙的人了。是不吸煙的人了。 every time (每次每次)起連詞的作用起連詞的作用, 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 時(shí)間狀語從句。其作用相當(dāng)于從屬連詞時(shí)間狀語從句。其作用相當(dāng)于從屬連詞 when或或once?！癷t”的用法的用法(一一)用作人稱代詞用作人稱代詞, 指代上文提到的事物、動(dòng)物、指代上文提到的事物、動(dòng)物、性別不明或沒必要知道性別的人性別不明或沒必要知道性別的人。如：。如：I cant find my pen. It was on my desk a minute ago.Mary has got a dog; she has had it for five months.The baby next door kept me awake. It cried all night.用作非人稱代詞用作非人稱代詞, 用來指代天氣、距離、時(shí)間用來指代天氣、距離、時(shí)間等。等。如：如：It was raining this morning.Its two miles to the beach.Its a long time since they left.用作引導(dǎo)詞用作引導(dǎo)詞1. 用作形式主語用作形式主語, 真正的主語為不定式短語、真正的主語為不定式短語、 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語或名詞性從句形式短語或名詞性從句。如：。如：It is impolite to talk loudly in public places.It was pleasant and comfortable sitting there.It seems that we are not welcome here.2. 用作形式賓語用作形式賓語, 真正的賓語為不定式短真正的賓語為不定式短 語、語、 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語或名詞性從句形式短語或名詞性從句。如：如：I find it hard to give a speech in public.I think it no good learning without practice.We found it astonishing that he gave up the opportunity to go abroad.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列句子根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。1. _ (天氣很暖和天氣很暖和) at the moment. 2. _ (我覺得奇怪我覺得奇怪) that Jennifer doesnt want to travel. 3. John said _ _ (繼續(xù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是很重要繼續(xù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是很重要的的). Its quite warm I find it strangeits important to continue withthe experiment4. Her babys due next month. She hopes _ (是個(gè)男孩是個(gè)男孩). 5. Dont you think _ (與吉姆爭(zhēng)論與吉姆爭(zhēng)論是沒有用的是沒有用的)?it will be a boyit is no use arguing with Jim如何寫勸告信如何寫勸告信 【寫作任務(wù)【寫作任務(wù)】假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Smith染染上抽煙的陋習(xí)不能自拔。請(qǐng)你給他寫一上抽煙的陋習(xí)不能自拔。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封信，告訴他吸煙的危害并提出你的建封信，告訴他吸煙的危害并提出你的建議，幫助他盡快戒煙。議，幫助他盡快戒煙。注意：詞數(shù)注意：詞數(shù)100左右。左右。Dear Smith,_Yours sincerely,Li Hua【寫作指導(dǎo)【寫作指導(dǎo)】這是一封勸告信。勸告信是書信的一種，主要這是一封勸告信。勸告信是書信的一種，主要目的是改變別人的觀點(diǎn)。目的是改變別人的觀點(diǎn)。除了遵循書信寫作的一般格式外，勸告信的主除了遵循書信寫作的一般格式外，勸告信的主體內(nèi)容通常采用如下寫作方法：體內(nèi)容通常采用如下寫作方法：首先，開門見山，直入主題。在正文的開頭找首先，開門見山，直入主題。在正文的開頭找準(zhǔn)話題的切入點(diǎn)，自然而然地引出自己想要談準(zhǔn)話題的切入點(diǎn)，自然而然地引出自己想要談的主題。寫信時(shí)要充分了解情況，有的放矢，的主題。寫信時(shí)要充分了解情況，有的放矢，以提高寫作的針對(duì)性。以提高寫作的針對(duì)性。然后，給出希望對(duì)方采取或者終止某種行為的然后，給出希望對(duì)方采取或者終止某種行為的理由。理由。在陳述理由時(shí)要換位思考，盡量為對(duì)方考慮。在陳述理由時(shí)要換位思考，盡量為對(duì)方考慮。盡可能用事實(shí)說話，以增強(qiáng)說服力。盡可能用事實(shí)說話，以增強(qiáng)說服力。最后，給出合理建議，通過提建議讓對(duì)方明確最后，給出合理建議，通過提建議讓對(duì)方明確行動(dòng)的方向，從而達(dá)到寫信的最終目的。行動(dòng)的方向，從而達(dá)到寫信的最終目的。注意：語氣要得當(dāng)，既要委婉禮貌，又要有說注意：語氣要得當(dāng)，既要委婉禮貌，又要有說服力。服力。就本篇習(xí)作而言，我們可按以下步驟來寫：就本篇習(xí)作而言，我們可按以下步驟來寫：第一段：表明寫作意圖；第二段：陳述希望對(duì)第一段：表明寫作意圖；第二段：陳述希望對(duì)方戒煙的理由；第三段：就如何戒煙提出自己方戒煙的理由；第三段：就如何戒煙提出自己的建議；第四段：希望對(duì)方采納自己的建議。的建議；第四段：希望對(duì)方采納自己的建議?！境Ｓ帽磉_(dá)【常用表達(dá)】Im sorry to hear that .Im writing to suggest / persuade you .I would like to suggest that .I think it would be more beneficial if you .I know its difficult to ., but .The following suggestions might help you .In my opinion, it would be wise to take the following action.As to ., I suggest that you should .I hope you will take my advice into account / consideration.I hope you will find these suggestions practical / useful / helpful.Please let me know without hesitation if you need any help.【參考范文【參考范文】Dear Smith, Im sorry to hear that you have got into the habit of smoking. Im writing to suggest you quit. First, smoking can make you ill later in life. Second, it causes terrible smells. I know its difficult to stop smoking, but the following suggestions might help you. First, make a list of the harmful effects of smoking and the benefits you get from quitting. Keep the list with you and reread it when you feel like smoking. Second, do something else to keep busy, such as exercising. Third, visit your friends often. They may help you strengthen your resolve.I hope you will take my advice into consideration.Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1. (2011四川四川) Lydia doesnt feel like _ (study) abroad. Her parents are old. 答案：答案：studying 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的固定搭配本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的固定搭配feel like doing sth.在具體語境中的運(yùn)用。在具體語境中的運(yùn)用。 句意：句意：莉蒂亞不想出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)莉蒂亞不想出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí), 因?yàn)樗母敢驗(yàn)樗母改付忌夏昙o(jì)了。母都上年紀(jì)了。 2. (2014江西改編江西改編) It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life _ his great wealth. 答案：答案：despite考查介詞用法?？疾榻樵~用法。 句意：句意：真是令人難以置信真是令人難以置信, 盧卡斯先生盧卡斯先生盡管很富有但還過著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。盡管很富有但還過著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。despite盡管盡管(in spite of), 符合題意。符合題意。3. (2012江西改編江西改編) Ive got _ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. 答案答案：into 句意：句意：我養(yǎng)成了在放學(xué)回家的路上看望爺我養(yǎng)成了在放學(xué)回家的路上看望爺爺奶奶的習(xí)慣。爺奶奶的習(xí)慣。 get into“養(yǎng)成養(yǎng)成(習(xí)慣習(xí)慣), 染上染上(毛病毛病)”。4. They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed to not _ (talk) at meals. 答案：答案：talking be accustomed to“習(xí)慣習(xí)慣, 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)”, to為介為介詞詞, 后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。 答句句意：答句句意：他們習(xí)慣了在吃飯的時(shí)候不他們習(xí)慣了在吃飯的時(shí)候不說話。說話。I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1. Those children were so _ (fit) that they were unable to do even basic exercises.2. Join now and you will _ (automatic) receive 50% off your first purchase.3. It is _ (legal) to drive a car that is not taxed and insured. So please never do it.4. The long climb left Jan feeling _ (breath) and weak.5. In this town, the serving of _ (alcohol) drinks was forbidden after six oclock.unfitillegalbreathlessalcoholicautomatically 6. The university hopes to _ (strength) its ties with the local community.7. Its going to be a tough competition but Im _ (mental) prepared for it.8. Its too soon to make a(n) _ (judge) about what the outcome will be.9. The main threat to the _ (survive) of these creatures comes from their loss of habitat.10. Im _ (disappoint) in you I really thought I could trust you!strengthenjudgementdisappointedsurvivalmentallyII. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. After about three months, I was no longer addicted _ nicotine.2. The children got _ the bad habit of switching on the television as soon as they came back from school.3. Oh, _ the way, if you see Jackie, tell her Ill call her this evening.4. We decided _ Spain as our vacation destination this year.tointobyon5. He had become accustomed _ living without electricity, and missed it very little.6. Instead _ going to work thinking that it will be totally boring, try to be positive.toofIII. 用用it或或there填空。填空。1. _ is a meeting this evening. _ will start at seven.2. _ occurred to me that we might visit them while we are in South Africa.3. _ is nothing for the children to do in the village.4. _ can be hard work looking after young children.5. _ has been an accident. I hope no one is hurt.ThereIt ItIt ThereThere6. _ is very warm in here. Can we open a window?7. _ is obvious that she doesnt understand spoken English.8. _ is red wine or white. Which would you prefer?9. I find _ amazing that theyve never stopped arguing about football.ItItThereit閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 We all want to be 1. _ (health) but sometimes we can be too concerned about our health. Many of us 2. _ (experience) unexplained symptoms, a spot or a headache, and thought it might be something more serious. Often a brief visit to a doctor, though, is enough to convince us to quit 3. _ (worry). healthyhave experiencedworryingHypochondriacs (疑病癥患者疑病癥患者), however, are very different from people who are 4. _ (simple) concerned about theirhealth. In spite of 5. _ doctors may tell them, they will continue to believe their health or even their lives are 6. _ risk and get angry if doctors disagree. They demand tests and often see other doctors when they are told there is 7. _ wrong with them. simplywhatatnothingHypochondriacs also spend enormous 8. _ (amount) of money on medicines and treatments. At one time they were considered a doctors nightmare (噩夢(mèng)噩夢(mèng)), especially if there was a roomful of patients with real illnesses waiting 9. _ (treat). But attitudes are changing and it is now being seen as a real illness, a kind of anxiety disorder. Due to their frequent focus on new diseases and patients, the TV and Internet do not help. amountsto be treatedNeither does the usual advice 10. _ comes at the end of such stories: “If symptoms continue, consult your doctor.” Because, when it comes to a hypochondriac, they will.which