2019-2020年高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題三 代詞和介詞練習(xí)1(xx課標(biāo)卷)Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _.AothersBeitherCanother Dboth解析：句意：這是二者擇其一的局面我們要么今年買輛新車，要么去度假，但是不能二者兼顧。本題考查不定代詞。both用于否定句表示部分否定，意為“不是兩者都”。other另一些；either(兩者中的)一個；another又一，再一。答案：D2(xx天津卷)At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine.Athem BtheseCthose Dones解析：句意：在我們工廠有幾臺機(jī)器和這本雜志里描述的那些機(jī)器相似。本題考查代詞。首先將題干改為：At our factory there are a few machines similar to the_machines described in this magazine.然后考慮用those替代特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞(the machines)，以避免重復(fù)。答案：C3(xx山東卷)Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much.Aeither BanyCeach Danother解析：句意：我在紐約和芝加哥生活過，但是我對這兩個城市都不太喜歡。本題考查不定代詞。根據(jù)題干中的New York and Chicago可知，此處應(yīng)該是考查“兩者中的任何一個”，四個選項中只有either合適。答案：A4(xx遼寧卷)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues.Athat BoneCones Dthose解析：句意：令Della高興的是，她先是贏得了她學(xué)生的信任，然后又贏得了同事的信任?？疾榇~的用法?？崭裉幯a(bǔ)全為the trust，是特指的不可數(shù)名詞，用that指代。其余三個選項用來指代可數(shù)名詞。答案：A5(xx安徽卷)This project requires close teamwork._ will be achieved unless we work well together.ANothing BAnythingCSomething DEverything解析：句意：這項工程要求緊密的團(tuán)隊合作，如果我們不能很好地一起工作，我們將會一事無成。本題考查不定代詞。根據(jù)句意可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為表示否定的nothing。答案：A6(xx課標(biāo)卷)It was a real race _ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.Aover BbyCfor Dagainst解析：句意：完成這項工程真的是在與時間賽跑。幸運(yùn)的是，我們成功了。本題考查介詞辨析。over在上面；by被，由，經(jīng)由；for支持，贊成；against反對，違背。答案：D7(xx課標(biāo)卷)A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics.Aagainst BbeforeCbeyond Dwithout解析：句意：沒有一定的數(shù)學(xué)知識，進(jìn)行嚴(yán)肅的物理學(xué)研究是不可能的。本題考查介詞辨析。against反對，映襯，靠著；before在之前；beyond超出；without沒有。答案：D8(xx遼寧卷)_ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.ABy means of BOn behalf ofCIn search of DFor fear of解析：句意：我代表這兒的每一個人，希望你們的回國旅程愉快?？疾榻樵~短語。A：依靠方法；B：代表；C：尋找；D：唯恐。B項符合句意。答案：B9(xx江蘇卷)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. _ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend. AOn account of BIn response toCIn view of DWith regard to解析：句意：我總是很高興收到你的郵件，關(guān)于七月一日的聚會，我將樂意參加。本題考查介詞短語辨析。A：因?yàn)?，由于；B：對作出回應(yīng)；C：由于，考慮到；D：關(guān)于。答案：D10(xx陜西卷)The manager wants to see changes in the pany, and I am sure he will _.Ain particular Bin turnCin charge Din time解析：句意：經(jīng)理想看到公司的變化，我確信他遲早會看到的?？疾榻樵~短語辨析。A：尤其是，特別是；B：輪流，依次；C：負(fù)責(zé)；D：最終，遲早。D項符合句意。答案：D1(xx蘇北一模)Whats _ like to live at the North Pole in winter, can you imagine?Youll have to tolerate extreme cold and the long absence of sunlight.Athis BthatCone Dit解析：句意：你能想象在冬天生活在北極是什么樣子的嗎？你將不得不忍受極度的寒冷和長期缺少陽光。本題考查代詞的用法。it作為形式主語，指代to live at the North Pole in winter。答案：D2(xx東北三校)The Xiaomi Phone 2 has functions similar to _ of Apples iPhone 5, but sells for just half the price of its petitor.Athat BoneCthose Dones解析：句意：小米二型手機(jī)有與蘋果iPhone 5相似的功能，但其價格只是它對手價格的一半。本題考查代詞。首先將原句改為：The Xiaomi Phone 2 has functions similar to the functions of Apples iPhone 5, but sells for just half the price of its petitor. 然后考慮用those代替特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，以避免重復(fù)。答案：C3(xx東北調(diào)研)The girl thinks she is _ of a star as she won the local beauty contest.Asomething BanythingCeverything Dnothing解析：句意：因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)?shù)氐倪x美大賽中獲勝，那個女孩認(rèn)為自己差不多成明星了。something of a/an.表示“多少有點(diǎn)，有幾分”，故選A項。答案：A4(xx濟(jì)寧模擬)When you are done with the book, go out for a walk or _.Awhoever BwhereverCwhatever Dhowever解析：句意：當(dāng)你完成了那本書的時候，出去散散步或做一些其他類似的事情。or whatever為習(xí)語，意為：或其他類似的事物。又如：Take any sportbasketball, ice hockey, swimming or whatever.參加任一項體育運(yùn)動籃球、冰球、游泳等等。or wherever意為：或其他任何地方，又如：many foreign tourists from Spain, France or wherever.來自西班牙、法國或任何別的地方的許多外國游客。答案：C5(xx鄭州質(zhì)檢)Frankly speaking, _ of them knew what the other was doing that morning.Anone BneitherCsome Dall解析：句意：坦率地說，他們兩人都不知道那天上午對方在做什么。根據(jù)題干中的the other(兩者中的另一方)可推知設(shè)空處表示兩個人，而四個選項中只有B項指兩個人且表示否定，故答案為B項。答案：B6(xx成都診斷)What are you two whispering about over there?Oh, _. Just small talk.Ano BnobodyCnone Dnothing解析：句意：你們倆在那兒嘀咕什么呢？噢，沒什么，只是聊聊家常。首先排除A(不)、B(沒有人)兩項；none往往回答由how many/much引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。而nothing用來回答what引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。答案：D7(xx東城聯(lián)考)I would like to buy a book Life of Pi, but _ was found in the bookstore.Anothing BnoneCno one Dneither解析：句意：我想買一本少年派的奇幻漂流，但是我在書店里沒找到。首先排除C項no one(沒有人)、D項neither(兩者都不)；nothing表示泛指，常與something，anything，everything一起出現(xiàn)，本句題干并未出現(xiàn)這類詞，故排除A項；none往往與名詞連用，根據(jù)本句題干中的a book可知答案為B項，相當(dāng)于none of the books。答案：B8(xx衡水六模)Various optional courses being available, we can choose _ based on own interest.Aeither BeachCone Dit解析：句意：各種選修課都可以選修，我們可以根據(jù)自己的興趣選擇某一科。本題考查代詞的用法。本句用one代替an optional course以避免重復(fù)。A：(兩者中的)任何一個；B：兩者或兩者以上中的每一個，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體；it指上文提到的同一事物。以上三項均不合句意要求。答案：C9(xx安徽聯(lián)考)The talented young engineer who was skilled at designing aircraft died _ his new project unfinished.Aof BwithCfrom Dfor解析：句意：那位精通飛機(jī)設(shè)計的很有天賦的年輕工程師在他的新工程還沒完成的情況下去世了。of表所屬關(guān)系，意為：的；from從；for為了，由于。with表示伴隨，在本句中與后面的his new project unfinished構(gòu)成with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語。本題易誤選of成from，考生誤以為本題考查die of或die from短語，如選這兩項本句句意不通。答案：B10(xx石家莊質(zhì)檢)Though in fact he got _， there was no doubt that he had meant to offer help.Ain a way Bin the wayCon the way Dby the way解析：句意：雖然在事實(shí)上他妨礙了工作，但毫無疑問他原打算幫忙。A：在某種程度上；C：在路上，即將去(或來)；D：順便說一聲。in the way; causing inconvenience or an obstruction造成不便或阻礙。又如：I left them alone, as I felt I was in the way. 我躲開了他們，因?yàn)槲矣X得我妨礙他們的事。答案：B11(xx東北一模)_ his career as actor he never gave up his hope of being a Hollywood star.AThroughout BWithinCFor DIn解析：句意：在他整個演藝生涯中，他從未放棄成為好萊塢明星的夢想。throughout 表示時間時，意為：during all of a particular period, from the beginning to the end，強(qiáng)調(diào)“在的整個期間”；in和within都可表示“在(時間)內(nèi)”，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)自始至終，故被排除；for表示時間，后需加一段時間，如：for a year/month等。答案：A12(xx濟(jì)南模擬)You should study the details of the policy _ before you sign it.Ain return Bin advanceCat ease Don purpose解析：句意：在你簽字前應(yīng)該預(yù)先研究一下政策細(xì)節(jié)。A：作為回報；B：預(yù)先，事先；C：舒適，不拘束，稍息；D：故意地。答案：B13(xx四川調(diào)研)A diet of high fat, high protein and low fiber foods will put us _ a higher risk of being overweight.Aof BtoCon Dat解析：句意：過多食用高脂肪、高蛋白和低纖維的食物將會提高我們超重的幾率。at risk為固定短語，意為“處于危險之中”。答案：D14(xx南京二模)The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _ the floors. People in it had no way out and were in panic.Aamong BonCbetween Din解析：句意：那棟高樓的電梯出了故障被困在了樓層之間。里面的人無法出去，處于驚恐之中。首先排除B(在上)、D(在里)兩項；among指在三者或三者以上之間，不合句意，故被排除。between在兩者之間，本句表示“被困在兩個樓層之間”，故為答案。答案：C15(xx福建質(zhì)檢)The doctor advised her to eat more bean products _ meat which might be harmful to her heart.Afor lack of Bby means ofCin place of Din favor of解析：句意：那位醫(yī)生建議她少吃肉多吃豆制品，肉類可能對她的心臟有害。A：由于缺少；B：用方式；C：取代，代替；D：贊成，支持。答案：C1One person was killed on the spot and three _ received minor injuries.Aones BanotherCothers Dthe others解析：考查代詞。語意：現(xiàn)場有一人被殺，其他三人受輕傷。three others在此處表示“其他三人，另外三人”，符合語意。ones一般不用數(shù)詞修飾；another和數(shù)詞連用時，放在數(shù)詞前面，the others也不用數(shù)詞修飾。答案：C2The doors here are really _， all are made of good wood like mahogany.Asomething BanythingCnothing Deverything解析：考查代詞用法。語意：這兒的門真是極品，全部由紅木一類的優(yōu)質(zhì)木材制成。something在這里表示“想來重要(或值得注意)的事物”。答案：A3Poverty has risen in Nigeria, with almost 100 million people living on less than $1 a day, _ economic growth.Adespite BbesidesCexcept Dwith解析：考查介詞辨析。語意：盡管(despite)經(jīng)濟(jì)有所增長，尼日利亞的貧困狀況仍在加劇，差不多一億人每天僅靠不到1美元度日。答案：A4Which of the white shirts appeals to you most?_. I prefer a yellow one.ANeither BNoneCAll DBoth解析：考查代詞。語意：你最喜歡哪一件白襯衫？哪一件也不喜歡。我喜歡黃色的襯衫。從“I prefer a yellow one”可以看出答話者哪件白襯衫也不喜歡，根據(jù)“most”可知，這是三者以上的比較，故選B。答案：B5According to a study, Chinese adults are getting fatter faster than _ in any other nation, only second to Mexico.Athose BthatCones Done解析：考查代詞。語意：根據(jù)一項研究，中國成年人變胖的速度僅次于墨西哥，比其他任何國家的都快。those 代指前文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故選A項。答案：A6Something is out of our control, so we have to mand _.Ait BitselfCus Dourselves解析：考查代詞。語意：有些事情我們無法控制，因此只好控制我們自己。根據(jù)語意結(jié)合四個選項可知，應(yīng)選D項，表示“我們自己”。答案：D7I have been told that the visit was cancelled.I cant believe all our preparations were for _.Asomething BnothingCeverything Danything解析：考查不定代詞。語意：有人告訴我訪問被取消了。我簡直不能相信我們所做的一切準(zhǔn)備工作都白費(fèi)了。for nothing白白地；免費(fèi)地。答案：B8Almost everyone is _ bringing down the housing prices because theyre really too high now.Ain favor of Bin charge ofCin honor of Din search of解析：考查介詞短語辨析。語意：幾乎每個人都贊同降低房價因?yàn)樗鼈儸F(xiàn)在確實(shí)太高了。in favor of“贊同，支持”；in charge of“照管，主管”；in honor of“為向表示敬意”；in search of“搜尋”。答案：A9We have made _ clear to the world that China is ready to work with other countries.Athat Bit Citself Dthis解析：考查代詞用法。在此句型中，it為形式賓語，從句“that China is ready to work with other countries”為真正的賓語。當(dāng)不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或that從句在句子中作某些動詞，如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等的賓語時，常用it作形式賓語。答案：B10He suggested another approach, _， I thought, that required managers to change their behaviour and the way they spend their time.Aone Bit Cthat Dwhich解析：考查代詞。語意：他建議用另一種方法，我認(rèn)為是一種需要經(jīng)理們改變自己的行為和支配自己時間的方式的方法。此處one作another approach的同位語，相當(dāng)于a/an單數(shù)名詞，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾one，起到進(jìn)一步說明的作用。答案：A11It is important to know what colours look good _ your skin before you buy clothes.Afor BuponCagainst Dwith解析：考查介詞。語意：在購買衣服前，了解什么樣的顏色襯你的膚色很重要。此處要用介詞against表示“在襯托下，以為背景”。答案：C12You should use your English _ the classroom, not just in class, or you will forget what you know.Aat Bfrom Cbeneath Dbeyond解析：考查介詞用法。語意表示在課堂之外也要使用英語，用介詞beyond表示“超出”。答案：D13I have got two ideas to spend the weekend, going hiking and playing football. Which do you prefer?Well, _. You see I have been too tired throughout the whole week.Aeither BbothCneither Dnone解析：考查不定代詞。從答語中可知第二個人對第一個人的兩個提議都不贊同，所以選neither，表示“兩者都不”。either兩者中任何一個；both兩者都；none否定兩者以上的人或物。答案：C14He achieved his goal of running a pany _ intelligence and hard work.Ain terms of Bby means ofCin spite of Din favor of解析：考查介詞短語。語意：他通過自己的才智和努力工作實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)營一個公司的目標(biāo)。表示“依靠方法”，用by means of。in terms of“就而言”，in spite of“盡管”，in favor of“贊同，支持”。答案：B15I will buy the tickets for all of us.I dont think so. Not _ will attend the concert next Sunday.Aanyone BsomeoneCeveryone Dnone解析：考查代詞。語意：我會為我們所有人都買好票。我認(rèn)為不要這樣。并非每個人都會在下個星期天去聽音樂會。everyone與not連用表示部分否定。答案：C