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Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅰ.讀單詞積累詞匯1.strugglen.進口,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,10.nationalityn.國籍→nationn.國家;民族→nationaladj.國家的;民族的11.occupationn.職業(yè);工作;占領(lǐng)→occupyvt.占領(lǐng)12.confusevt.使迷惑;使為難→confusedadj.感到迷惑的→confusingadj.令人迷惑的→confusionn.迷惑13.chemicaladj.化學(xué)的;關(guān)于化學(xué)的→chemistryn.化學(xué)→chemistn.化學(xué)家;藥劑師14.reducevt.減少;縮減→reductionn.減少;縮小15.summaryn.總結(jié);摘要→summarizevt.總結(jié),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,1.equipvt.(尤指通過教育)使做好準備,使有能力,使有資格e.g.Abasictwo-hourfirstaidcoursewouldequipyoutodealwithanyoftheseincidents.兩小時的基礎(chǔ)急救課程能夠讓你有能力處理這類事件。2.grainn.少量;微量e.g.Thereisn’tagrainoftruthinit.那事無絲毫真實性。3.rootvi.(指人)翻尋,(尤指)亂翻e.g.Whatareyoudoingrootingaroundinmydesk?你在我的書桌里亂翻什么呀?,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,underline一詞中,under-為前綴,意思是“在下面;在……之下;較小;較低”等意思。再如:underage未成年的,underdeveloped生活水平低的,underdog弱者,underemployed未充分就業(yè)的,underestimate低估,undergo經(jīng)歷,undergraduate本科生,underground地下的,underneath在……底下。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅱ.背短語活學(xué)活用1.rid...of使……擺脫或除去2.thanksto幸虧;由于;因為3.wouldrather寧愿;寧可4.buildup逐漸增強;建立;開發(fā)5.strugglefor為……而奮斗6.keep...freefrom/of使……免受;使……不含pare...with與……作比較8.besatisfiedwith對……感到滿意9.leadto導(dǎo)致10.focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅲ.賞佳句思維提優(yōu)1.Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketotrygrowing?(教材原句,P9)2.AlthoughheisoneofChina’smostfamousscientists,YuanLongpingconsidershimselfafarmer,forheworksthelandtodohisresearch.(教材原句,P10)3.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.(教材原句,P10)4.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.(教材原句,P10)5.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.(教材原句,P10)6.Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizershasbecomeverycommoninfarming.(教材原句,P14)7.Inaddition,fruit,vegetablesandotherfoodgrownwithchemicalfertilizersusuallygrowtoofasttobefullofmuchnutrition.(教材原句,P14),Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,1.strugglevt.努力①Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.(教材原句,P10)的確,他曬黑的面龐和手臂,以及清瘦而又結(jié)實的身軀,就跟千百萬中國農(nóng)民一模一樣,他過去50年來努力工作就是為了幫助他們。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,strugglewith既可以表示“與……并肩作戰(zhàn)”,也可以相當(dāng)于struggleagainst,表示“與……搏斗/斗爭”。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用用合適的介副詞填空②Wemuststruggleagainstthisprejudiceforamoretolerantattitudetoourbeliefs.我們必須努力克服這種偏見,從而在信仰上采取更為寬容的態(tài)度。③Onlythosewhostruggleoncanachievesuccess.只有那些克服困難堅持下來的人才能取得成功。④WhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatchingtheirweight,whiletheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,continuetostaythin?(2014陜西卷)為什么美國人一直努力關(guān)注他們的體重,而法國人雖然吃的油膩卻能保持苗條?,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,2.expandvt.伸展①YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.(教材原句,P10)袁隆平博士尋找一種方法來增加水稻的產(chǎn)量而不用擴大其種植面積。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子②AsHelen’sknowledgeandvocabularyexpanded,sheaskedmoreandmorequestions.(北師大⑥—16)隨著海倫知識和詞匯量的擴大,她問的問題越來越多。③Theroadextendsformilesandmiles.這條路向遠處綿延伸展。④Thewaterspreadoverthefloor.水流了一地。⑤Hewokeup,yawnedandstretched.他一覺醒來,邊打呵欠邊伸懶腰。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,3.ridvt.tobefreeofsb./sth.thathasbeenannoyingyouorthatyoudonotwant擺脫;除去①Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.(教材原句,P10)多虧他的研究,聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子②Youseeminratherahurrytogetridofme.看起來你急于想擺脫我。③Theproposalsareanattempttoridthecountryofpoliticalcorruption.(提出)這些提議是為了試圖使這個國家擺脫政治腐敗。④Itseemstomeyourwifewasashallowwomanandyouarewellridofher.在我看來你妻子是一個淺薄的女人,幸好你離開了她。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,4.equipvt.裝備①Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.(教材原句,P10)因此,他資助幾百萬元供他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。②IgetverynervousbecauseI’musingalotofexpensiveequipment.因為正在使用很多昂貴的設(shè)備,所以我非常緊張。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子③Pleaseequipyourselfwithasharppencilandarubberfortheexam.請準備一支尖的鉛筆和一塊橡皮參加考試。④Thesoldierswerewellequippedwithweaponsandammunition.士兵們裝備好了武器和彈藥。⑤Agoodeducationshouldequipyouforlife.有良好的教育能受用終生。,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,5.regretvt.tofeelsorryaboutsomethingyouhavedoneandwishyouhadnotdoneit遺憾;惋惜n.sadnessthatyoufeelaboutsomething,especiallybecauseyouwishithadnothappened遺憾;懊悔①Hisfathersaysthathehasneverregrettedsendinghissonstudyabroad.(教材原句,P13)他父親說他從來不后悔送他兒子到國外學(xué)習(xí)。②Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.十分抱歉,那個工作已經(jīng)有人做了。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,regrettodosth.表示“遺憾要去做某事”,其中的do一般是say,tell,inform,announce等這樣的詞。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子③Iregrettotellthatyoudidn’tpasstheexamination.(外研⑥—7)我很遺憾地告訴你你沒有通過考試。④Muchtomyregret,Iamunabletoacceptyourinvitation.很抱歉,我不能接受你的邀請。⑤Fiveyearslatersheregretedhavinggivenupherhome.五年后她對當(dāng)初放棄自己的家感到后悔。,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6.reducevt.tomakesomethingsmallerorlessinsize,amount,orprice減少;縮減①Ahealthysoilreducesdiseaseandhelpscropsgrowstrongandhealthy.(教材原句,P14)健康的土壤減少疾病,并有助于農(nóng)作物生長得強壯、健康。②TheUKpromisestoreduceitscarbonemissionsby80percentby2050.(2014湖南卷)英國許諾到2050年全國碳的排放減少80%。,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,表示“減少”的表達還有bringdown“減少,縮減”;cutdown“減少,削減”。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子③Thejoblosseswillreducethetotalworkforceto7,000.職位減少后,在職工人總數(shù)將減至7,000人。④Theywerereducedtoextremepoverty.他們陷入極端貧困的狀態(tài)。⑤Hewasreducedtobeggingforaliving.他不得不以乞討為生。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,mentn.anopinionthatyouexpressaboutsomeoneorsomething[=remark]評論;議論vi.作出評論①Swapsummarieswithyourpartnerandgiveeachothercomments.(教材原句,P15)和同伴交換摘要并做互評。②Sofar,MrCookhasnotcommentedonthesereports.到目前為止,庫克先生仍未就這些報道發(fā)表評論。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用漢譯英③無可奉告。我什么都不知道。Nocomment.Idon’tknowanything.④他在北京的記者招待會上發(fā)表了意見。HemadehiscommentsatanewsconferenceinBeijing.,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,8.leadto通往;導(dǎo)致①Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.(教材原句,P14)很多這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會導(dǎo)致癌癥或其他疾病。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,leadto中的to是介詞;而leadsb.todosth.中的to是不定式符號。即境活用漢譯英②你是怎樣得出這個結(jié)論的?Whatledyoutothisconclusion?③你的工作似乎不會有什么結(jié)果。Yourworkseemstobeleadingnowhere.④她和丈夫一起過著平凡而幸福的生活。Sheledanormal,happylifewithherhusband.⑤條條大路通羅馬。AllroadsleadtoRome.,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,9.focuson/upon集中注意力于……①Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.(教材原句,P14)他們主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免于病害。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子②Herbeautymakesherthefocusofattention.她長得漂亮,很惹人注目。③Ifyoufocusthesun’sraysthroughamagnifyingglassonadryleaf,itwillstarttoburn.用放大鏡把陽光聚到干葉子上,葉子就能燃燒。④Pleasefocusyourmindsonthefollowingproblem.請集中心思考慮以下問題。⑤Thechildren’sfaceswerebadlyoutoffocusinthephotograph.照片上孩子們的臉非常模糊。,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,10.keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影響;傷害等);使……不含(有害物)①Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.(教材原句,P14)這還可以讓空氣、土壤、水以及農(nóng)作物不受化學(xué)物質(zhì)的污染。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子②Relaxationexercisescanfreeyourbodyoftension.放松運動可以松緩身體的緊張。③Heisveryfreewithhistime.他毫不吝惜自己的時間。④Theperformershaveallofferedtheirservicesfreeofcharge.演員們都愿意免費出演。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?(教材原句,P9)2.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.(教材原句,P10)3.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.(教材原句,P10)4.Recently,however,scientistshavebeenfindingthatlong-termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’shealth.(教材原句,P14)5.Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil.(教材原句,P14),,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,1.Whatis/wascalled,即境活用完成句子①Atlast,theyreachedwhatiscalledtheNewAmerica.最后,他們到達被稱為美洲大陸的新地方。②Hegraduatedfromwhatwascalledakeyhighschool.他畢業(yè)于一所所謂的重點高中。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,2.make+it+adj./n.+todo,即境活用完成句子①WemakeitaruletodosomeEnglishpracticebeforeclass.我們把課前做英語練習(xí)定為一個規(guī)則。②Doyoufinditfunnytoseesomeoneslidingonabananaskin?你覺得看到有人踩香蕉皮滑倒很可笑嗎?,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,即境活用完成句子①—Ihavegotaheadache.——我頭疼?！狽owonder.Youhavebeenworkinginfrontofthatcomputertoolong.——難怪你頭疼,你在電腦前工作的時間太長了。②ShehasbeenburningthemidnightoiltoprepareforGRE.她最近在熬夜準備GRE考試。③Myclothesareallwet.Ihavebeenworkingintherain.我的衣服全濕了,我剛才一直在雨中干活。④Wherehaveyoubeen?Ihavebeenwaitingforyouintherainfortwohours.你去哪了?我在雨中等了你兩個小時。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,4.非謂語動詞與結(jié)果狀語,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,即境活用完成句子①Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan(使他成為一名孤兒).②Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthebushadleft(發(fā)現(xiàn)車已經(jīng)走了).③By1820thepopulationofNewYorkhadgrowntoabout125,000,makingitthelargestcityintheUSA(使它成為美國最大的城市).④Themanliftedthestone,onlytodropitonhisownfoot(結(jié)果掉在了自己腳上).,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,5.ifso結(jié)構(gòu),Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,即境活用完成句子①Ifso,pleaserespondtomeasquicklyaspossible.如果是這樣的話,請盡快給我回信。②Ifpossible,calltofindoutaboutthecompanydresscodebeforetheinterview.如有可能,面試之前打電話找出該公司的衣著規(guī)范。③Ifyouagree,so;ifnot,so.如果你同意,就這樣;如果你不同意,也這樣。,,,,