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2019-2020年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時作業(yè)1 Friendship 新人教版 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx江蘇省南通中學(xué)測試) Why Are Pig Farmers Still Using GrowthPromoting Drugs? Its one of the most controversial practices in agriculture: feeding small amounts of antibiotics to animals in order to make them grow faster. But what if the drugs dont even work very well? Theres some good evidence that they dont, at least in pigs. They used to deliver a boost in growth, but that effect has disappeared in recent years or declined greatly. The reason for this is interesting and even paradoxical. Researchers think the antibiotics used to work by suppressing lowgrade infections. In recent years, however, pork producers found other ways to acplish the same thing through improved hygiene(衛(wèi)生). As a result, the drugs have bee largely superfluous—yet many farmers still use them. To understand how this happened, you have to step back in time, says Steve Dritz, a specialist in pig nutrition at Kansas State University. Sixty years ago, when antibiotics were new, “people started treating animals, and feeding [the antibiotics], and finding that they had increased growth rates and feed efficiencies，” he says. Nurseryage pigs, for instance, grew 12 to 15 percent faster with antibiotics. The animals also needed less feed to reach full weight. Other studies showed similar results in chickens and cattle. In the 1980s, a new set of studies found similar effects. So the growthpromoting effects of antibiotics became standard practice among meat producers. Fast forward to the 1990s. Dritz was starting his career as a scientist at Kansas State University, and pork production was changing dramatically. Previously, pigs were born and raised in one barn or in several barns close together. This meant infections could easily pass from one generation to the next, the way that kids share germs between their friends on the playground and their parents at home. Under the new system, when piglets are weaned, they move to a whole different place. That new site is carefully scrubbed and free of disease. Craig Rowles, who runs a large swine operation in Carroll, Lowa, shows me one such room. Theres not a piglet in sight. “This room just got pletely washed and disinfected, and now its going to sit here and dry for a while，” he says. A whole group of pigs will e in here together, and later they will move out together to yet another site. “That group of pigs will stay together until they go to market，” Rowles says. The groups are kept strictly separated from each other. If workers move between the groups, they first have to change their boots. When farmers adopted multisite production, it cut down on disease—and pigs actually grew faster. 1．One of the advantages of using antibiotics in the past is that it ________. A．helped animals grow faster B．decreased the death rate of animals C．helped animals have a better appetite D．increased animal reproduction 2．Pigs were more easily infected in the past because ________. A．they used antibiotics B．they were always close together C．they were raised on the playground D．they moved from one farm to another 3．The underlined word “superfluous” most probably means ________. A．a(chǎn)bused　　　　　　　 B．necessary C．a(chǎn)vailable D．a(chǎn)ddictive 4．The author seems ________ on the issue of dropping antibiotics on pigs. A．optimistic B．worried C．doubtful D．indifferent 答案與解析 本文就現(xiàn)在農(nóng)民仍然給豬使用抗生素一事發(fā)表科學(xué)的看法和依據(jù)。 1．A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段提到Its one of the most controversial practices in agriculture: feeding small amounts of antibiotics to animals in order to make them grow faster.農(nóng)業(yè)上有個有爭議的方法，給豬喂抗生素來讓它長得更快，故選A項。 2．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段提到Previously, pigs were born and raised in one barn or in several barns close together. This meant infections could easily pass from one generation to the next...這些豬被養(yǎng)在一個欄或幾個欄里，這意味著很容易傳染，故選B項。 3．A　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段提到In recent years, however, pork producers found other ways to acplish the same thing through improved hygiene(衛(wèi)生). As a result, the drugs have bee largely superfluous—yet many farmers still use them. 最后這些年，養(yǎng)豬的人通過衛(wèi)生可以達到同樣的效果，結(jié)果藥物就被濫用，然而一些農(nóng)民仍然再用，故選A項。 4．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段提到When farmers adopted multisite production, it cut down on disease—and pigs actually grew faster.當(dāng)農(nóng)民采用多站點的生產(chǎn)方式，這會減少疾病，長得確實是更快，故作者的觀點是非常樂觀的，所以選A項。 Ⅱ.閱讀填句 (xx吉林市質(zhì)檢) __1__ We are learning from life constantly, as long as we recognize and accept those lessons. When you choose to be a student of life, you open yourself to limitless opportunities. Explore the world. Dont limit yourself to your hometown or to the city you got your first job. __2__ It doesnt have to be just one town or one apartment plex. Backpacking may not be for everyone, but its the only way you can see the world. Travelling doesnt just have to be going overseas but also dropping by many states. Culture exists not just in a country but even in small munities. Acquire new life skills. Maybe its time that you finally learn how to fix a broken faucet or even fix the faulty light in your bathroom. You can finally cross out your bucket list items that have been there forever. Learn how to drive a car or ride a bike. There are definitely things you dont know how to do, and you have a lifetime ahead of you to learn. __3__ Be cultured. Watch as many movies and read as many books as possible. And it doesnt mean that you only watch the ones with high ratings from critics. Books and movies are the fruit of the writers or the makers life experiences and understanding of their surroundings. Movies and books are a good look into how people interpret the world. __4__ For some individuals, to grow older means to keep your circle of friends down to a few, but that shouldnt stop you from meeting new people. Widen your circle by allowing people into your life and letting them get to know you. Widening your circle to people from all walks of life gives you a bigger and better perspective of the world. Do many firsts. When was the last time you did something for the first time? __5__. It can be as simple as watching a movie alone or as big as trying bungee jumping. Doing something for the first time doesnt need to have a lifechanging effect. It can be a simple realization that apparently, going to a film screening by yourself isnt so bad. So, there are so much more to learn, especially now that were virtually connected to everyone in the world. As a student of life, its really up to you to use all your resources and make it into something enriching. A．Widen your circle. B．Entertain yourself. C．Lessons are not limited to our academic studies. D．Its never too late to start learning something new. E．You dont always need a deep understanding for everything you do. F．Go beyond the place you consider home, because home can be many places. G．If you cant think of the answer, maybe you need to go out and try something new. 答案與解析 1．C　從下一句We are learning from life constantly...可知。 2．F　從上一句Dont limit yourself to your hometown...可知 3．D　從上一句There are definitely things...可知 4．A　根據(jù)本段中的Widen your circle...可知 5．G　根據(jù)下一句It can be as simple...可知 Ⅲ.語法填空 On keeping a Diary in English Keeping a diary in English is one of the __1__ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. __2__ (pare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes __3__ (little) time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. __4__ we persist in this practice, gradually well learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many __5__ (difficult). In the first place, __6__ often happens that we have trouble __7__ (find) appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly. As far as I am__8__ (concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a ChineseEnglish dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is __9__ great use to keep a diary in English for __10__ development of our writing skills. 答案與解析 1．effective　形容詞作定語。 2．pared　pared with 與……相比。 3．less　該空與 shorter 并列，故用比較級形式 less。 4．If　if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。 5．difficulties　many 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 6．it　it 作形式主語。 7．finding　have trouble (in) doing sth. 有困難做某事。 8．concerned　As far as one is concerned 就……而言。 9．of　of great use 很有用。 10．the　該空為特指，故用定冠詞 the。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 Last weekend my sister went to the supermarket to buy some groceries. Three hours ago, with full bags of goods in both hands, she headed for nearby bus stop, tiring and hungry. She was waiting for the bus while it began to rain. After what seemed ages, came a bus, crowded of passengers. When it was her turn to get on the bus, someone said, “Sorry, no more rooms.” Quite disappointed, my sister had to take a taxi. Half way home, however, the taxi broke out. Hardly had he got out of the taxi when a bus passed by. It was empty, but she had been missed it! What an unluckily day! 答案 Last weekend my sister went to the supermarket to buy some groceries. Three hours ， with full bags of goods in both hands, she headed for nearby bus stop, and hungry. She was waiting for the bus it began to rain. After what seemed ages, came a bus, crowded passengers. When it was her turn to get on the bus, someone said, “Sorry, no more .” Quite disappointed, my sister had to take a taxi. Half way home, however, the taxi broke . Hardly had got out of the taxi when a bus passed by. It was empty, but she had missed it! What an day!