PARTTWO,第二篇語法突破篇,語法專題（一）名詞,1.概述:不可數(shù)名詞是不能直接用數(shù)字計(jì)數(shù)的名詞,分為物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。不可數(shù)名詞通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,也不能用a/an或數(shù)詞修飾。常見的不可數(shù)名詞見下表:,考點(diǎn)一不可數(shù)名詞,【中考考點(diǎn)】(1)正確識(shí)別可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。(2)掌握可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成。(3)掌握名詞所有格和名詞作定語的用法。,2.不可數(shù)名詞的量化表達(dá)(1)表示不定數(shù)量時(shí),一般用some,much,alittle,alotof,lotsof,plentyof等。如:muchwater,alittlemilk,someorangejuice(2)表示確定數(shù)量時(shí),一般用“數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)前面的數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),后面的量詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如:一張紙,兩杯水,十袋米,apieceofpaper,twoglassesofwater,tenbagsofrice,3.既可數(shù)又不可數(shù)的名詞,考點(diǎn)二可數(shù)名詞,1.名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則變化,2.名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的不規(guī)則變化,【巧記】各國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù):中日不變英法變,其余-s加后面。(1)aChinese/JapanesetwoChinese/JapaneseEnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen(2)其余各國(guó)人(German/Australian/American/Indian/Canadian)均在詞后直接加-s。,3.名詞修飾名詞時(shí)的復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成(1)名詞作定語修飾名詞時(shí),復(fù)數(shù)形式是將后面的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如:manyappletrees,boystudents(2)man和woman作定語修飾另一個(gè)名詞時(shí),兩部分都要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。如:menteachers,womendoctors,考點(diǎn)三名詞所有格,1.構(gòu)成(1)有生命的名詞的所有格的構(gòu)成方法:一般情況下在名詞后加“s”。邁克的小汽車我媽媽的生日以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加“”。教師節(jié)不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,直接在詞尾加“s”。婦女節(jié)兒童節(jié),Mikescar,mymothersbirthday,TeachersDay,WomensDay,ChildrensDay,(2)無生命的名詞的所有格一般由“of+表示無生命的物體的名詞”構(gòu)成。我們教室的一張照片一張中國(guó)地圖2.特殊用法(1)表示時(shí)間、距離、集體、國(guó)家、團(tuán)體等無生命的名詞也可用“s”構(gòu)成所有格。今天的報(bào)紙世界人口(2)表示一件東西為兩人或三人共有時(shí),只需在最后一個(gè)名詞后加“s”,后面所跟名詞用單數(shù);表示各自所有時(shí),則需在每個(gè)名詞后加“s”,后面所跟名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。莉莉和露西共有的房間莉莉和露西各自的房間,apictureofourclassroom,amapofChina,todaysnewspaper,theworldspopulation,LilyandLucysroom,LilysandLucysrooms,(3)表示“某人家”、“店鋪”、“診所”等處所。在李雷家atLiLeis在診所在藥店atthechemists(4)雙重所有格表示整體中的一部分,結(jié)構(gòu)為“of+名詞所有格”或“of+名詞性物主代詞”。我父親的一本書我的一個(gè)朋友a(bǔ)friendofmine=oneofmyfriends,atthedoctors,abookofmyfathers,考點(diǎn)過關(guān)訓(xùn)練,用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Wewillreportthese(hero).Theyaretheprideofourcountry.2.Theonlineshopsells(child)andmensshoesataverylowprice.3.Itissaidthat(tomorrow)sportsmeetinghasbeenputoffbecauseofthebadweather.4.Icangiveyoulotsof(advice)onhowtoimproveyourspeakingskills.5.IllgivemyEnglishteachersomeflowerson(teacher)Day.6.Therearealotof(sheep)onthegrassland.Asheep-dogissittingnexttothem.7.Allthe(woman)teachersarehappyonMarch8th.8.Thereareseveral(library)inthecity.,heroes,childrens,tomorrows,advice,Teachers,sheep,women,libraries,考點(diǎn)過關(guān)訓(xùn)練,9.Those(policeman)arelookingforthelostkids.10.Thecomputerisoneofthemostimportant(invention)inourlife.11.Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?Idlikesome(potato)noodles.12.WhydidLucylookunhappy?Becauseshewassocarelessthatshemademanyspelling(mistake)inherhomework.13.Iwenttomy(uncle)houseyesterday.14.Howmanytimesdoyoubrushyour(tooth)everyday?15.Takeashortrestaftertwo(hour)hardwork,andyouwontfeeltootired.,policemen,inventions,potato,mistakes,uncles,teeth,hours,