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2019-2020年高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀練習(xí)二 推理判斷 細(xì)節(jié)理解 主旨大意 猜測詞義 要求 2-3 1-2 0-1 0-1 實際安排 2 1 1 1 話題 興趣與愛好 體裁 記敘文 難度 ★★☆☆☆ 新度 ★★★★★ 關(guān)鍵詞 school dinner blog 詞數(shù) 335 建議時間 5分鐘 正確率 ____/5 Martha Payne, the Scottish schoolgirl whose internet postings about her school dinner became an international hit, is ending her blog. So she can focus on other activities. Her decision es after the website was visited by more than 6m people and raised nearly 100,000 for Marys Meals, a charity which helps feed children in the third world. Martha’s father David said no pressure had been put on his daughter to cease her postings and she was not reacting to the widespread media coverage of Argyll and Bute council’s heavy-handed ban. “She has done really well to get this far. She has mitted to it, and every day she could write it she did. She enjoyed doing her project, and I am sure she will find something else.” Martha, from Lochgilphead, Argyll, began the blog, NeverSeconds, last month and quickly generated a large online following around the world with her pictures of her school dinners, frank ments and ratings on how tasty and healthy they were. The council’s attempt last week to shut down what it perceived as a critical blog backfired massively, with controversy about the ban and protests from Jamie Oliver and other celebrities attracting millions more internet users to the site. Martha announced to her family out of the blue on Wednesday night that she did not want to continue the blog when she returns to school after the summer holidays. Mr Payne, 39, a smallholder, said his daughter was a normal nine-year-old girl who has remained thoroughly down-to-earth despite the global attention she has attracted. Martha and her family were invited on an all-expenses-paid trip to Noma in Copenhagen, which has been named the best restaurant in the world, but she said she would rather go on a planned camping holiday. This will not be the end of the NeverSeconds blog. Mr Payne plans to invite school classes around the world to take it over and write about their meals for a week each, and has already attracted interest from New Zealand. 1. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Martha Payne was hit seriously in the heart during school dinner blog. B. Martha Payne and her family planned to go on a free trip. C. Martha Payne decides to start a blog website about school dinner. D. Martha Payne decides to end her school dinner blog. 2. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Martha Payne took an active part in school and social activities. B. Martha Payne raised money for a charity through her website. C. Martha Payne didn’t want to continue her blog after summer holiday. D. Martha Payne liked to own a camping holiday instead of others. 3. What’s the attitude of Martha’s father David towards NeverSeconds blog? A. satisfied B. disappointed C. uninterested D. worried 4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word“controversy”in paragraph 3? A. argument B. agreement C. announcement D. appreciation 5. According to the last paragraph, we can infer . A. Mr Payne decided to continue his daughter’s blog himself. B. Martha Payne wanted to continue her blog after college graduation. C. It’s expected that Martha Payne’s blog will be passed on constantly. D. NeverSeconds blog was criticized sharply world wide. 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 英國9歲的小女孩佩恩（Martha Payne）每天把學(xué)校供應(yīng)的午餐拍照并上傳至其博客，然后還為餐點設(shè)下各種指標(biāo)評論一番，引起數(shù)百萬人關(guān)注。目前佩恩打算在暑假后回到學(xué)校時結(jié)束博客，以有更多的時間參加學(xué)校的活動。 【答案解析】 1. D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段句首中的is ending her blog可知本文主要講述Martha Payne即將結(jié)束她的博客，同時第四段最后一句she did not want to continue the blog when she returns to school after the summer holidays也點明本文主旨大意。 2. A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Her decision es after the website was visited by more than 6m people and raised nearly 100,000 for Marys Meals可知B正確；根據(jù)第四頓最后一句可知C項正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句she would rather go on a planned camping holiday.可知D項正確；只有A項“積極參加社會和學(xué)校活動”沒有提到。 3. A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Martha 的父親所說的話She has done really well to get this far.和I am sure she will find something else.” 可知他對于女兒的博客達到的社會效果非常的滿意（satisfied）。 4. A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文的ban and protests“禁令和提議”可知劃線部分單詞為“爭論”與argument近義，意為“爭論”。 5. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句總括“這并不代表博客的結(jié)束”，然后講述佩恩的父親打算讓全世界的學(xué)生接管這個博客每個人寫一周的飲食情況，所以可推知C項正確“佩恩的博客將持續(xù)不斷的延續(xù)進展下去。” 【生詞注釋】 coverage n. 新聞報道 mitted adj.忠心耿耿的 massively adv. 大量地 【難句解讀】 Mr Payne, 39, a smallholder, said his daughter was a normal nine-year-old girl who has remained thoroughly down-to-earth despite the global attention she has attracted. 佩恩先生，39歲，一個小佃農(nóng)，說他的女兒一個正常的9歲的女孩，盡管她引起全球關(guān)注但她仍然一如既往地腳踏實地工作。本句首先who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞girl，despite“盡管”，同時后面she has attracted又作global attention的定語。 B 推理判斷 細(xì)節(jié)理解 主旨大意 猜測詞義 要求 2-3 1-2 0-1 0-1 實際安排 2 1 1 話題 健身 體裁 夾敘夾議 難度 ★★★☆☆ 新度 ★★★★★ 關(guān)鍵詞 oldest yoga teacher 詞數(shù) 332 建議時間 5分鐘 正確率 ____/4 At 93, Tao Porchon-Lynch is named the oldest yoga teacher by Guinness World Records. Shes 93 years old, but that isnt keeping Tao Porchon-Lynch from striking a perfect pose. The yoga instructor and dance petitor is vibrant as ever and proves that age really is just a number. She has lived a full life that includes marriage, acting, modelling, performing burlesque and even marching with Gandhi - twice. Now, she has another feather in her cap: Guinness World Records has declared her the worlds oldest yoga teacher. And she has no plans to stop anytime soon. "Im going to teach yoga until I cant breathe anymore then Ill just fly away to the next planet ... I just, I love yoga, it brightens my day and makes everybody smile," Porchon-Lynch said. On Mondays, Tao teaches classes to a dedicated group of students at a dance studio in Harstdale, a suburb 25 miles outside of New York City. She pushes her students to find their deepest range in asana and said she holds herself to the same standards. "My doctor when he did the hip replacement said you wont be able to do this, you wont be able to do that. I said I dont want to know what I wont be able to do because I dont believe it. "So I sent him a photograph in lotus lifting off the ground and he called me the miracle woman. I said its no miracle, a miracle means only to see that which is inside of you. If its inside, I can do it." Tao became interested in yoga when she was eight years old. She observed a group of young boys practicing yoga on the beach in her hometown of Pondicherry in southern India. She said she decided then that she could do anything a boy could do. She has been teaching professionally for 61 years, although it was only at age 73 that she decided to focus solely on being an instructor. 1. Porchon-Lynch has been engaged in yoga for . A. 73 years B. 85 years C. 80 years D. 61 years 2. According to what Porchon-Lynch said in the fifth paragraph, we can infer she is . A. stubborn B. persistent C. patient D. intelligent 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word“vibrant”in paragraph 2? A. energetic B. artistic C. pessimistic D. jealous 4. Which of the following statements about Porchon-Lynch is NOT right? A. She liked yoga more than anything else. B. She had a happy marriage. C. She wanted to reach the same standard with her students. D. She marched with Clinton twice. 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 現(xiàn)年93歲的瑜伽教練道波爾瓊-林茨（Tao Porchon-Lynch）名列吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄大全最高齡的瑜伽教練。她在課堂上示范瑜伽動作的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和她的學(xué)生是一樣的。她曾做過髖關(guān)節(jié)手術(shù)，但她仍有自信繼續(xù)做瑜伽，會教授瑜伽課程直至生命的最后一刻。 【答案解析】 1. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句話Tao became interested in yoga when she was eight years old.和第一句話at 93，可知Porchon-Lynch已經(jīng)練習(xí)瑜伽有85年了，B項正確。 2. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Porchon-Lynch所說的話“我將教瑜伽一直到我不能呼吸到另一個星球為止”可見她是一個意志堅定的人，選擇B項persistent“意志堅定的”最符合題意；stubborn“固執(zhí)的”； patient“耐心的”； intelligent“理解力強的”與題意不符。 3. A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后半句proves that age really is just a number“證實年齡僅僅是個數(shù)字”可推知Porchon-Lynch是一個精力充沛的人用A項energetic。artistic“藝術(shù)的”； pessimistic “悲觀的”； jealous“嫉妒的”均與題意無關(guān)。 4. D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話中performing burlesque and even marching with Gandhi - twice.“曾經(jīng)和甘地游行2次而不是和克林頓總統(tǒng)”所以D項答案錯誤。 【生詞注釋】 burlesque n.諷刺性(或滑稽性)的模仿 dedicated adj.專注的；獻身的 asana n.瑜珈姿勢 lotus n. 路特斯車 solely adv. 單獨地 【難句解讀】 She observed a group of young boys practicing yoga on the beach in her hometown of Pondicherry in southern India.她在南印度她的家鄉(xiāng)本地治里看到一群年輕男孩海灘上練習(xí)瑜伽。本句話中含有observe sb doing sth短語“看到某人正在（一直）做某事，注意本句話中介詞的使用。 C 推理判斷 細(xì)節(jié)理解 主旨大意 猜測詞義 要求 2-3 1-2 0-1 0-1 實際安排 1 2 1 話題 生活方式 體裁 說明文 難度 ★★★☆☆ 新度 ★★★★★ 關(guān)鍵詞 forgotten food 詞數(shù) 354 建議時間 6分鐘 正確率 ____/4 Once, Formby asparagus was famous. White at the base, green through the stem and with a purple-tinged tip, it was grown byhalf-a-dozen families on the sandy wastelands known as "slacks" behind the dunes at Formby Point. Today, hit by petition from cheaper, higher-yielding varieties, onlya couple of producers of these highly labour-intensive spears remain. Michelin-starred restaurants still serve them during the short April-June season, but the only place consumers could reliably buy them was the farm. Until this year, when Formby asparagus became one of eight "forgotten foods" to be sold in local supermarkets in a programme developed by Slow Food UK and regional chain Booths. "Not everyone can shop in farmers markets; most people today buy most of their food in supermarkets and we have to recognise that," says Catherine Gazzoli, who heads the UK branch of Slow Food, an international movement founded in Italy in 1986 to promote traditional, regional food and better eating. "Its about getting these foods back into mass circulation," says Chris Dee, the supermarket chains chief operating officer and a longstanding Slow Food member: "Finding a mass market for really high-quality, traditional, regional products that would otherwise go almost unnoticed, or be confined to a few fancy delis." Some of the foods have been forgotten, Dee says, because they have fallen foul of modern laws. In the past, butchers invariably used fresh pigs blood for their black puddings, but now it is hard to get hold of, to the extent that fresh-blood black pudding has bee, in Dees words, "almost illegal to make". So most producers use a dried blood-powder mix that is more convenient, but has nothing like the same intensity of flavour. Other forgotten products, such as the extra-matured ham – produced by a curer enticed out of retirement for the occasion – are simply too time-consuming and costly for current food production and distribution practices. Could it be replicated nationally? No reason why not, says Dee: "Plenty of products go into national supermarket chains regionally. The challenge for some, I think, would be in their attitude to small producers. Its about nurturing, not wielding power." 1. What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to Change Traditional Diet for Better Eating B. Challenge of Food Industry C. Bring Back Forgotten Foods D. How to Guarantee Safety Eating 2. In what season can you eat spears in Michelin-starred restaurants? A. January B. May C. September D. March 3. Why have some of the foods been forgotten? A. Because they only can be afforded by the rich. B. Because they were not tasty enough to be liked. C. Because they were not easily made. D. Because they were produced illegally in the past. 4. Which of the following foods doesn’t belong to forgotten products? A. extra-matured ham B. black pudding C. black mushroom D. Formby asparagus 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 佛姆比的蘆筍這種被人遺忘的食物目前在一些超市都有銷售，同時本文還講述了一些食物被人遺忘的原因?qū)沂袌鲈斐商魬?zhàn)，我們對此應(yīng)該采取什么樣的態(tài)度呢？ 【答案解析】 1. C 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段引出Formby asparagus曾經(jīng)非常出名而后被人遺忘，接著第二段闡述像Formby asparagus這樣的被人遺忘的食物又開始在市場出現(xiàn)然后對此開始討論，所以用C項Bring Back Forgotten Foods最能概括文章大意。 2. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句Michelin-starred restaurants still serve them during the short April-June season可知人們在4月到6月能夠在一些米其林星級飯店仍舊被服務(wù)，所以選擇B項正確。 3. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話Some of the foods have been forgotten, Dee says, because they have fallen foul of modern laws.和接下來舉例說明可知一些食物被人所遺忘是因為他們曾經(jīng)違背現(xiàn)代法律，D項表述正確。 4. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句when Formby asparagus became one of eight "forgotten foods" to be sold in local supermarkets可知D項屬于被遺忘的食物；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句butchers invariably used fresh pigs blood for their black puddings和最后一句Other forgotten products, such as the extra-matured ham – produced by a curer enticed out of retirement for the occasion可知A、B兩項也屬于被遺忘的食物，只有C項black mushroom“黑蘑菇”文中沒有提到。 【生詞注釋】 regional adj.地區(qū)的 circulation n. 循環(huán) wielding adj. 控制的 【難句解讀】 So most producers use a dried blood-powder mix that is more convenient, but has nothing like the same intensity of flavour.因此大多數(shù)生產(chǎn)者使用比較方便的干血和粉混合體，但是具有不同樣的味道強度。本句that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞blood-powder mix。 D 推理判斷 細(xì)節(jié)理解 主旨大意 猜測詞義 要求 2-3 1-2 0-1 0-1 實際安排 1 2 1 1 話題 醫(yī)療 體裁 議論文 難度 ★★★☆☆ 新度 ★★★★★ 關(guān)鍵詞 shortage of drugs 詞數(shù) 336 建議時間 7分鐘 正確率 ____/5 Four in five NHS trusts in England and Wales say patients are suffering “unacceptable” delays for drugs to treat life-threatening conditions including cancer, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia and organ failure. A survey of 60 NHS authorities found that the shortage was doing patients “serious harm”, with some having to be admitted to hospital for emergency treatment after they were unable to get their medicines. The scale of drug shortages for NHS patients was detailed in responses to Freedom of Information requests to 60 primary care trusts and health authorities by Huw Irranca-Davies, the Labour MP for Ogmore. He found that up to 70 mon drugs were unavailable in some areas, with patients facing delays of up to six months for the medication. Earlier this year, a group of MPs on the all-party pharmacy group blamed shortages on pharmacists and wholesalers trying to make extra profits selling drugs to Europe, where they can get a better price than in Britain. In Cornwall, patients had to be given specialist advice after pharmacies ran out of a drug for Parkinson’s, and in Devon a shortage of drugs to treat stroke patients led pharmacists to warn that “the consequences could be further hospital admissions or even fatalities”. In Hampshire, patients with schizophrenia were forced to switch drugs after their medicine was unavailable for six months, while the Calder dale, Kirk lees and Wakefield group of NHS trusts handed over reports from pharmacists that “serious harm” had been caused to patients. Calder dale and Kirk lees local pharmaceutical mittee said: “Before the introduction of manufacturers’ quotas, the market for medicines worked effectively. No longer can patients be assured that if they walk into a pharmacy their medication will be available immediately or within an acceptable timescale.” NHS leaders said the problems were being exacerbated by the Coalition’s health reforms, which will mean more patients are treated by GPs rather than in hospitals. Dr Mike Prentice, the medical director of NHS South of Tyne and Wear, suggested this would increase pressure on pharmacies. 1. Which of the diseases doesn’t belong to life-threatening one? A. Parkinson’s disease B. lung cancer C. organ failure D. psychological disease 2. According to the passage, the reason for the shortage of drug is mainly is that . A. technology of producing medicine in Britain is gradually falling B. pharmacists and wholesalers have sold drugs abroad to earn money C. More and more Britain people are suffering life-threatening diseases. D. Doctors are trading medicine by selling drugs to patients. 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word“exacerbated”in the last paragraph? A. created B. kicked C. solved D. worsen 4. In which place did people switch drug after their medicine couldn’t be gained? A. Calder dale B. Kirk lees C. Devon D. Hampshire 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Lives put at risk by shortage of drugs B. Conditions of patients need improving greatly. C. Rising price of drugs cause people annoyed. D. Some illegal drugs do great harm to people’s health. 【篇章導(dǎo)讀】 目前在英國和威爾士病人們正在經(jīng)歷著 “不可接受的”拖延藥物治療的病痛，同時這些病癥正逐漸威脅著人們生命，政府急需進行醫(yī)藥健康改革使更多的人們盡快接受治療。 【答案解析】 1. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句談到長時間威脅人們健康的疾病包括Parkinson’s disease ， cancer和organ failure， 只有D項psychological disease“心理疾病”沒有談到。 2. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中pharmacists and wholesalers trying to make extra profits selling drugs to Europe可知藥劑師和批發(fā)商出售藥品到歐洲試圖來賺取額外利潤，B項正確。 3. D 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文的解釋more patients are treated by GPs rather than in hospitals和this would increase pressure on pharmacies可知本句指的是上文提到的問題由于聯(lián)盟協(xié)會的健康改革更加惡化了，worsen“更糟糕，惡化”。 4. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句話In Hampshire, patients with schizophrenia were forced to switch drugs after their medicine was unavailable for six months可知答案為D項。 5. A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段引出問題Four in five NHS trusts in England and Wales say patients are suffering “unacceptable” delays for drugs和接下來的分析可知本文主要針對于“藥品短缺致使生命瀕?！盇項最能概括文章主題。 【生詞注釋】 wholesaler n. 批發(fā)商 fatalities n. 致命 quota n.. 定額 pharmacies n.. 藥劑學(xué) 【難句解讀】 No longer can patients be assured that if they walk into a pharmacy their medication will be available immediately or within an acceptable timescale.患者不再確信他們是否走到藥房就會在一個可接受的時間內(nèi)立即接受藥物治療。本句是個no longer否定短語提前的倒裝句，can be assured“能夠有保證”，available‘可得到的”。 E 推理判斷 細(xì)節(jié)理解 主旨大意 猜測詞義 要求 2-3 1-2 0-1 0-1 實際安排 1 2 1 話題 孩子教育 體裁 夾敘夾議 難度 ★★★★☆ 新度 ★★★★★ 關(guān)鍵詞 children behavior 詞數(shù) 357 建議時間 7分鐘 正確率 ____/4 Some children are simply too naughty to fit into everyday school life, the Government’s behaviour tsar suggested today. There is a group of youngsters who behave in very difficult and violent ways and who need much more help and support, according to Charlie Taylor. He indicated that there may have been a rise in these types of pupils, many of whom display very bad behaviour from an early age. Giving evidence to the mons education select mittee this morning, Mr Taylor - former headteacher of The Willows, a special school in west London for children with behavioural, emotional and social difficulties - said that while behaviour in general is improving, there remains a groups of children that persistently behave poorly. He was asked by Neil Carmichael, Conservative MP for Stroud, why it was that increasing numbers of pupils are suspended from school for abuse or assault and, at the same time, Ofsted rates almost four-fifths of schools as good for behaviour. Mr Taylor replied that the numbers of schools rated as good has fallen from around 87 per cent as the bar has been raised on standards of behaviour. He told the mittee: Though I would say generally, the trajectory of behaviour within schools is improving But I do think there’s a group of children who show very extreme behaviour, very difficult, challenging, violent behaviour, often quite young children, and I would say possibly there has been an increase in those sorts of children. There are certainly a group of children who need extra interventions, who need more help, who need more support and for whom the basic standards of just a really well-run school aren’t enough. He added: The trajectory is in the right direction, but there’s a huge amount to carry on doing. Mr Taylor said that he had concerns that some training courses are not teaching would-be teachers enough about behaviour and how to deal with it. Publishing his report into alternative provision earlier this year, Mr Taylor said that intervening to help naughty children when they are as young as two or three is better than waiting until they are throwing tables around. 1. According to the passage, the reason why some children behave poorly at first is that . A. they are too naughty B. they can’t be cared by society C. they are often scolded by parents D. they are ignored by teachers 2. What’s the meaning of the underlined word“trajectory”in paragraph 7? A. trend B. fashion C. talent D. gesture 3. We should take some measures to deal with the young children with poor behavior EXCEPT A. giving them more support