2019年高考英語一輪總復習 語法專項突破 真題分類 名詞性從句【xx新課標全國卷I】26Police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhat【解析】本題考查名詞性從句的引導詞。句意：警察找到了可能是丟失的古代雕像的物品。A項which“哪一個”；B項where“哪兒”；C項how“怎樣”；D項what“什么”。結(jié)合題干，空格前面是動詞，表明這里可能是一個賓語從句，同時后面的句子缺主語，因此斷定選what(the thing that/all that)，這個詞不但引導賓語從句，而且還在從句中充當主語。【答案】D【xx北京卷】31_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich【解析】題干的意思是：使這本書與眾不同的是作者具有的創(chuàng)造性的想象力。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，_makes the book so extraordinary為主語從句，從句缺少主語，要用what引導。that引導主語從句時，僅僅起連接作用，不作句子成分，但不能省略；who指人；which引導名詞性從句時與what的區(qū)別在于它為特指，而what為泛指。故正確答案為B項。分析清楚句子結(jié)構(gòu)是解題關(guān)鍵。【答案】B【xx北京卷】33Experts believe_people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.Awhy Bwhere Cthat Dwhat【解析】題干的意思是：專家們認為必要的時候才購物可以減少食物的浪費。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是experts believe.作主句，空格處引導賓語從句，從句不缺少成分，故用that。why在句中作原因狀語；where作地點狀語；what作主語、賓語或表語。故正確答案為C項。分析清楚句子結(jié)構(gòu)是解題關(guān)鍵?！敬鸢浮緾【xx天津卷】15_ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat BWhichCWhether DWhat【解析】句意為“我想告訴你的是我對父母深深的愛和尊敬”。本題考查主語從句引導詞的判定。_I want to tell you是一個主語從句，且從句中缺少tell的直接賓語，故用what引導。which表示在某一范圍內(nèi)做出選擇，與句意不符?！敬鸢浮緿【xx重慶卷】28_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.AThat BItCWhat DWhich【解析】句意：電影中最打動我的是父親對兒子深深的愛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用what引導主語從句，并在從句中作主語。that引導主語從句時，不充當句子成分，而該從句中恰恰缺少了主語。it可以作形式主語，但后面必須出現(xiàn)與之匹配的真正主語。which引導主語從句時，在從句中充當定語，而該句空格后并沒有which修飾的名詞或代詞。解答此題的關(guān)鍵在于分析句子所缺的成分?！敬鸢浮緾【xx山東卷】30Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat BwhoseCwhich Dthat【解析】句意：知道當我們不在家時狗將會受到很好的照顧真好。動詞know后是賓語從句，從句中不缺成分，用that起連接作用?！敬鸢浮緿【xx湖南卷】28Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhere【解析】題干的意思是：“不要讓任何的失敗使你灰心喪氣，因為你決不會知道成功離你有多近?！狈治鼍渥映煞挚芍瑃ell后接的是賓語從句；再根據(jù)語境可知此處用程度副詞修飾形容詞close，故答案為A。解題時close是關(guān)鍵詞，考生從題干中可以得知只有how和close能形成語意和語法上的邏輯關(guān)系?！敬鸢浮緼【xx安徽卷】21From space，the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.AwhyBhowCbecause Dwhether【解析】本題考查表語從句的引導詞。句意：從太空看，地球是藍色的。這是因為它表面大約71%被水所覆蓋。首先分析前后兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，此處為“前果后因”，使用because，故選C項?！敬鸢浮緾【xx四川卷】6_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the pany.AWhen BHowCWhat DThat【解析】題干的意思是：你在會上所說的話為公司描繪了一個光明的未來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，題中缺少主語從句的引導詞，并且引導詞要在從句中作賓語。選項中只有what既可以引導主語從句，又可以在從句中作賓語，因此符合題意。when和how可以引導主語從句，但是在從句中作狀語，不合題意；that可以引導主語從句，但是在從句中不作句子成分，也不合題意?！敬鸢浮緾【xx江西卷】30_one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever BWhateverCWhichever DWherever【解析】句意：你們當中無論哪一個打破窗戶都必須賠償。此處指從“you”這一范圍中作出選擇，故選C項，表示“無論哪一個”?！敬鸢浮緾【xx陜西卷】20It remains to be seen_the newly formed mittees policy can be put into practice.Athat BwhichCwhat Dwhether【解析】題干的意思是：“新組建的委員會的政策是否會付諸實施還有待觀察?！痹摼浒粋€由whether引導的主語從句“whether the newly formed mittees policy can be put into practice”，該主語從句不缺成分，所以排除B和C；由語境中的remains to be seen可知，“是否實施新政策”還有待觀察，所以此處要用whether。故選D?！敬鸢浮緿【xx浙江卷】16The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow BthatCwhich Dwhether【解析】題干的意思是：“要取得最高層次的成功，唯一的方法就是要完全相信在體育運動領(lǐng)域你比其他任何人都優(yōu)秀?！県ave total belief that.完全相信，為固定句式。此處belief后接了同位語從句，從句不缺少成分，用that引導，所以正確答案為B項?！敬鸢浮緽【xx遼寧卷】34.The newer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever【考點】考查名詞性從句?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】介詞for后面加的是賓語從句，且從句中find缺少賓語，所以用whatever，選C項?！緓x四川卷】17. Scientists study _ human brains work to make puters.A. when B. how C. that D. whether【答案】 B 【考點】本題考查名詞性從句?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋嚎茖W家研究人類大腦是如何工作以制造出電腦的。根據(jù)句意，故答案選B?！緓x陜西卷】20. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A whateverB. whichever C. wheneverD. wherever【解析】賓語從句不缺少成分用that引導?！緓x江西卷】25It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.AwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat【答案】D【考點】考查名詞性從句當中的主語從句?！窘馕觥縤t作形式主語，真正的主語為that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中無意義，并不充當任何成分?！緓x湖南】6. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. whyB. howC. whetherD. when【答案】C【xx浙江卷】4.I made a promise to myself_this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how【考點】考查同位語從句?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】that引導同位語從句，在從句中不作句子成分，補充說明同位語promise的內(nèi)容?！緓x江蘇卷】27. The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how【考點】考查同位語從句?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】句意：會議將被延期的通知大約下午兩點鐘來?？崭窈蟮木渥邮墙忉屨f明名詞the notice，作同位語從句，引導詞在從句中不作任何成分，所以用that引導?！緓x安徽卷】27.The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【考點】考查名詞性從句?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】首先把插入語generally speaking刪掉，選擇B。but whether he reaches these limits （作為句子主語）will depend on his environment?！緓x全國新課程】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. which C. that D. what【答案】D【解析】此處it是形式主語，what引導的是主語從句，作真正的主語。What作do的賓語。句意：總統(tǒng)采取什么行動結(jié)束這次罷工一點也不清楚?！究键c】考查主語從句的連接詞?！緓x山東卷】25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why 【答案】B【解析】此處it是形式主語，后面whether.or引導的主語從句是真正的主語，whether.or意為：是還是都行。句意：在這個商店中用現(xiàn)金或信用卡支付都可以。【考點】考查主語從句的連接詞。【xx福建卷】35. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whom C. whoever D. whomever【考點】本句考查連詞的辨析?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】首先本句考查的關(guān)鍵短語是promise sb. sth.“向某人承諾某事“本句指的是向參加聚會的人提供一個和電影明星合影的機會，不定式作chance的定語，然后就是參加聚會的任何人whoever=anyone who，這樣句子就很清晰了，所以劃分句子成分非常關(guān)鍵，以前考查whoever都是作狀語，而本題考查的是作promise的賓語，挺新穎的?！?011北京卷 22】_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【答案】B【考點】考查主語從句?！窘馕觥坑删渲械膇s可知其前面是由what引導的主語從句，且what在從句中作offer的賓語，故答案為A項?！?011北京卷 31】The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. whatB. howC. thatD. why【答案】A【考點】考查賓語從句?！窘馕觥烤湟猓哼@個驚人的消息使我意識到我們將面臨多么嚴重的問題。結(jié)合句意可知答案為A，此處what引導的賓語從句是一個感嘆句。【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that【答案】D【考點】考查名詞性從句中的同位語從句?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋鹤C據(jù)表明，所有能夠說明的感覺中最困難的是身體的疼痛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從句中不作成分，故用關(guān)聯(lián)詞that。【2011上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】D【考點】考查賓語從句。【解析】句意：你試圖通過言語表達的意思或許恰恰跟別人理解的相反?！?011山東卷 26】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why【答案】D【考點】考查表語從句。【解析】句意：我恐怕他比起來一個實踐家更是一個空談家，那就是他一事無成的原因。本文“which is.”引導的一個非限制性定語從句中有一個表語從句根據(jù)句意用“why”引導。【2011山東卷 33】Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what C. whether D. which【答案】C【考點】考查賓語從句的引導詞?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)句意“我們提供給她了這份工作，但我不知道她是否會接受”。whether “是否“， where “哪里“what “什么”，which “哪個“?！?011江西卷 26.】The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】C【考點】考查賓語從句和主語從句?！窘馕觥看迕駛円呀?jīng)知道我們將要做的事情是重建這座橋，后面的賓語從句的主語從句中缺少主語且指物，所以選擇what。【2011江蘇卷 26】It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why【答案】A【考點】考查主語從句?！窘馕觥烤湟猓哼@名男子沒有早點報告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。it在句中是形式主語，真正的主語是why引導的主語從句。【2011安徽卷 33】His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what【答案】D【考點】考查名詞性從句。【解析】句意為：他的筆跡非?；靵y，很難弄清他想表達什么意思。本題考查動詞短語make out引起的的賓語從句，該空在賓語從句中作express的賓語，表示事物，故選擇D項。that在賓語從句中不作句子成分；how作方式狀語；who作主語，指人。只有what可用作賓語并且指事物?！?011四川卷 10】Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which【答案】C【考點】考查名詞性從句?！窘馕觥縤n介詞之后所接的賓語從句中缺少及物動詞do的賓語，指事物，故填what。why“為什么”；how“怎么樣”；which“哪一個”。【2011遼寧卷 23】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first. A. what B. who . how D. why【答案】C【考點】考查名詞性從句。【解析】句子意思：20個學生想要去聽旨在教授如何快速閱讀的課程。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that aims to teach _ to read first.是定語從句，修飾先行詞class，在此定語從句中，teach后接的賓語從句中缺少表示方式的連接詞，故how正確。此處為“連接詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。【2011遼寧卷 32】When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because【答案】C【考點】考查同位語從句?！窘馕觥烤湟猓寒攽?zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的消息傳來時，他決定去部隊服役。此處的“ the war broke out”解釋說明the news的具體內(nèi)容，且從句中不缺少成分，故為同位語從句，用that連接?！?011天津卷 13】Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where【答案】C【考點】考查名詞性從句中的同位語從句。【解析】句意為：現(xiàn)代科技已經(jīng)給出了充分的證據(jù)，表明吸煙可能引起許多疾病?！?011陜西卷 15】Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what【答案】D【考點】考查名詞性從句中的表語從句?！窘馕觥亢竺鎻木洳煌暾琩o后面缺少賓語，所以要填連接代詞what，答案D。【2011重慶卷 22】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where【答案】A【考點】考查名詞性從句?！窘馕觥縮till under discussion“還在討論中”說明“舊中巴車站是否應該被一個賓館替代”還沒決定。且根據(jù)后面的whetheror not也可以做出正確選擇。【2011重慶卷 34】It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that【答案】B【考點】考查賓語從句。【解析】what引導賓語從句，同時在從句中作use的定語。還原句子為“a new invention can be of what use”?！?011湖南卷)31】Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why【答案】A【考點】考查主語從句?！窘馕觥繌木渲腥北碚Z，排除B和D；又因題目沒有給出problem的范圍，故選A；句意：在解決問題之前，一定要弄清楚問題是什么。