Franois langurFranois langur (Trachypithecus francoisi), also known as Francois leaf Francois leaf monkeymonkey, Tonkin leaf monkeyTonkin leaf monkey, or white white side-burned black langurside-burned black langur is a species of lutung and the type species of its species group. It is the least studied of the species belonging to the Colobinae subfamily.Cormorant fishingCormorant fishing is a traditional fishing method in which fishermen use trained cormorants to fish in rivers. Historically, cormorant fishing has taken place in Japan and China since about 960 AD. This technique has also been used in other countries but is currently under threat in China.The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) is the largest salamander and largest amphibian in the world, reaching a length of 180 cm (5.9 ft), although it rarelyif everreaches that size today. It is endemic to rocky, mountain streams and lakes in China. It also occurs in Taiwan, probably as a result of introduction. It is considered critically endangered due to habitat loss, pollution, and overcollection, as it is considered a delicacy and used in traditional Chinese medicine. It has been listed as one of the top 10 focal species in 2008 by the Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) project.gorge ggorge gd d n. 峽谷；胃；暴食；咽喉；障礙物vt. 使吃飽；吞下；使擴(kuò)張vi. 拚命吃；狼吞虎咽n. (Gorge)人名；(西)戈赫；(法)戈?duì)枱醘ocal ffocal fk(k()l )l adj. 焦點(diǎn)的，在焦點(diǎn)上的；灶的，病灶的primate praprimate pramemet; -mt; -mt t n. 大主教；靈長(zhǎng)類的動(dòng)物；首領(lǐng)adj. 靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物的；首要的langur llangur lg g; lng; lng n. 脊椎 葉猴（一種長(zhǎng)尾猴）ginger dginger dndnd n. 姜；姜黃色；精力；有姜味vt. 用姜給調(diào)味；使某人有活力adj. 姜黃色的n. (Ginger)人名；(法)然熱；(英)金杰roost ruroost rust st n. 棲木；鳥(niǎo)窩；群棲的禽鳥(niǎo)vi. 棲息；安歇vt. 使棲息；為提供歇息處n. (Roost)人名；(德)羅斯特oze uoze uz z vt. 滲出；泄漏vi. 滲出；泄漏n. 地質(zhì) 軟泥python papython pan n n. 巨蟒；大蟒n. （法）皮東（人名）prowler praprowler pral l n. 徘徊者；小偷troop trutroop trup p n. 軍隊(duì)；組；群；多數(shù)vi. 群集；成群而行；結(jié)隊(duì)vt. 把（騎兵）編成騎兵連niche niniche ni; n; nt t n. 壁龕；合適的職業(yè)；亦稱作 niche market【商業(yè)】有利可圖的市場(chǎng)(或形勢(shì)等)vt. 放入壁龕trek trek trek trek n. 艱苦跋涉vt. （牛）拉（貨車）；搬運(yùn)vi. 艱苦跋涉n. (Trek)人名；(阿拉伯)特里克vault vvault vlt lt 美美 v vlt lt n. 拱頂；撐竿跳；地下室vi. 跳躍；成穹狀彎曲vt. 做成圓拱形；撐竿跳過(guò)revenue revrevenue revnjunju n. 稅收，國(guó)家的收入；收益guano gwguano gwn n n. 海鳥(niǎo)糞；魚(yú)肥料；鳥(niǎo)糞石vt. 施海鳥(niǎo)肥料n. (Guano)人名；(意)瓜諾crevice krevcrevice krevss n. 裂縫；裂隙minnow mminnow mn n n. 魚(yú) 鰷魚(yú)（一種小淡水魚(yú)）eon ieon inn n. 永世；無(wú)數(shù)的年代；極長(zhǎng)時(shí)期n. (Eon)人名；(法)埃翁cormorant kcormorant km(m()r()r()nt )nt n. 鸕鶿；貪婪的人adj. 貪婪的noose nunoose nus s n. 套索；束縛；絞刑vt. 用套索捉；使落入圈套hatch hthatch ht n. 孵化；艙口vt. 孵；策劃vi. 孵化n. (Hatch)人名；(西)阿奇；(英)哈奇tally tltally tl n. 計(jì)數(shù)器；標(biāo)簽；記賬vt. 使符合；計(jì)算；記錄vi. 一致；記分n. (Tally)人名；(英)塔利tiddler ttiddler tdldl n. 小魚(yú)；小孩兒tubular tjutubular tjubjbjl l adj. 管狀的contraption kcontraption kntrpntrp( ()n )n n. 奇妙的裝置；精巧的設(shè)計(jì)nymph nnymph nmfmf n. 女神；居于山林水澤的仙女；美麗的少女；蛹gourmet ggourmet gmeme; g; g- - n. 美食家;菜肴;精美的reckon rek(reckon rek()n )n vt. 測(cè)算，估計(jì)；認(rèn)為；計(jì)算vi. 估計(jì)；計(jì)算；猜想，料想sandstone sn(d)stsandstone sn(d)stn n 美美 sndston sndston n.砂巖newt njunewt njut t n. 蠑螈；笨蛋；新手salamander slsalamander sl,mnd,mnd n. 火蜥蜴；蠑螈目動(dòng)物；耐火的人；烤箱amphibian mfamphibian mfb bnn n. 脊椎 兩棲動(dòng)物；水陸兩用飛機(jī)；具有雙重性格的人adj. 兩棲類的；車輛 水陸兩用的；具有雙重性格的 army, force, troop army 軍隊(duì)，著重指軍隊(duì)這個(gè)整體，包括陸?？杖姟．?dāng)與navy和air force并列使用時(shí)，則指陸軍。如：We will have not only a powerful army but also a powerful air force and a powerful navy.(我們不但要有強(qiáng)大的陸軍，而且要有強(qiáng)大的空軍和海軍。)force 軍隊(duì)，部隊(duì)，著重指武力，常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Forces were sent out to stop the conflict.派出武裝部隊(duì)制止這場(chǎng)沖突。troop 部隊(duì)，著重指構(gòu)成軍隊(duì)的士兵成員，常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：They sent the troops to the front.他們把軍隊(duì)派往前線。Like most monkeys, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time grooming each other.1. 在使用在使用spend時(shí)時(shí),主語(yǔ)只能是表示人的名詞或代詞。例如主語(yǔ)只能是表示人的名詞或代詞。例如: Andy spent a lot of money on books. Andy花了很多錢買書(shū)?；撕芏噱X買書(shū)。 2. 若表示若表示在在.上花費(fèi)上花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢等時(shí)間、金錢等),常用句型常用句型spend some money/ some time on sth.,介詞介詞on后接名詞或代詞。例如后接名詞或代詞。例如: Kitty spends two hours on her homework every day. Kitty每天每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)?；▋蓚€(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。 3. 若表示若表示花費(fèi)花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢等時(shí)間、金錢等)做某事做某事,則常用句型則常用句型spend some money / some time (in) doing sth.,此時(shí)第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)此時(shí)第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞詞-ing形式形式,介詞介詞in可以省略。例如可以省略。例如: They spent 4450 yuan buying the big colour TV set. 他們買那他們買那臺(tái)大彩電花了臺(tái)大彩電花了4450元。元。 One section of cliff oozes a trickle of mineral-rich water which the monkeys seem to find irresistible.詞組短語(yǔ)詞組短語(yǔ)seem to be 看來(lái)，好像 seem like 看起來(lái)像；看上去像；好像 seem to do 似乎做；好像詞語(yǔ)辨析詞語(yǔ)辨析 look 指從外表上看, look like his fatherappear 指給人以表面的印象 appear wise,seem 指內(nèi)心的判斷,Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter, they never stray走失走失further than the limits of daylight, as their eyes cant see in the dark. dependdepend用法用法 1. 1. 信賴，信任，相信，確信，對(duì)信賴，信任，相信，確信，對(duì)有信心有信心( (通常與通常與onon或或uponupon連用連用) )： You may depend on the accuracy of the report. 你可以信賴報(bào)告的準(zhǔn)確性。 2. 2. 依賴，依靠依賴，依靠( (通常與通常與onon或或uponupon連用連用) )： Children depend on their parents. 孩子們依靠父母親。 3. 3. 取決于，決定取決于，決定( (于于) )，因，因( (或隨、依或隨、依)而定，靠，憑而定，靠，憑( (通常通常與與onon或或uponupon連用連用):): Her success here depends upon effort and ability. 她在這里的成功靠努力和能力。 4. 4. 懸而未決，看情況而定：懸而未決，看情況而定： I may go to America or I may not,it all depends. 我也許去美國(guó)，也許不去，要視情況而定。 5. (5. (訴訟等訴訟等) )懸而未決，尚待決定懸而未決，尚待決定 6. 6. 【語(yǔ)法學(xué)語(yǔ)法學(xué)】( (單詞或其他語(yǔ)言形式單詞或其他語(yǔ)言形式) )從屬于從屬于( (其他語(yǔ)言形式其他語(yǔ)言形式) ) 7. 7. 吊著，吊掛，懸掛，懸垂，下垂吊著，吊掛，懸掛，懸垂，下垂( (通常后接通常后接from):from): The chandelier depends from the ceiling of the ballroom. 枝形吊燈懸掛在舞廳天花板上。 It was thought to be the oldest animal on earth. 詞組短語(yǔ)同近義詞同根詞詞語(yǔ)辨析詞組短語(yǔ)同近義詞同根詞詞語(yǔ)辨析 think something of oneself 自命不凡,自以為了不起亦作 think oneself something think of 記起，想起；考慮；想像；關(guān)心 do you think 你認(rèn)為 think about 考慮 think to oneself 盤(pán)算；自思自忖 what do you think 你認(rèn)為呢；你覺(jué)得如何 think so 如此想法 think for oneself 獨(dú)立思考 think twice 再三考慮；重新考慮 think over 仔細(xì)考慮；重新考慮 think for 認(rèn)為，預(yù)料 think big n. 野心勃勃，好高鶩遠(yuǎn) think it over 仔細(xì)考慮一下；好好想想 think oneself as 自認(rèn)為是 think highly of 高度評(píng)價(jià)，尊重 think back 回想 think on v. 考慮；思量 think up 想出；發(fā)明；虛構(gòu) reckon, think, count, consider, deem, regard, believe 這組詞都有這組詞都有“認(rèn)為認(rèn)為”的意思，其區(qū)別是：的意思，其區(qū)別是：reckon 指對(duì)人或事作全面“權(quán)衡”，把各方面意見(jiàn)考慮進(jìn)去后得出結(jié)論。think 普通用詞，指按照自己的意見(jiàn)提出看法。count 指作出判斷后而得出的看法等。consider 指經(jīng)過(guò)考慮和觀察后得出的結(jié)論。deem 正式用詞，常用于法律、文學(xué)，強(qiáng)調(diào)作判斷而不是思考。regard 側(cè)重憑外表或表面現(xiàn)象作判斷。多強(qiáng)調(diào)觀點(diǎn)。believe 通常指根據(jù)一定的證據(jù)，經(jīng)思考后而認(rèn)為屬實(shí)。think, reason, muse, speculate, meditate, deliberate, think, reason, muse, speculate, meditate, deliberate, reflect reflect 這組詞都有這組詞都有“思考、判斷、思索思考、判斷、思索”的意思，其區(qū)別是：的意思，其區(qū)別是：think 一般用詞，指開(kāi)動(dòng)腦筋形成看法或得出結(jié)論的腦力活動(dòng)。不著重結(jié)論是否正確，見(jiàn)解是否有用。reason 指根據(jù)資料、證據(jù)或事實(shí)進(jìn)行推斷，作出結(jié)論或判斷的邏輯思維活動(dòng)。muse 通常指漫無(wú)目的地猜想。speculate 指推論過(guò)程，隱含在證據(jù)不足的基礎(chǔ)上作出推測(cè)或設(shè)想。meditate 語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，指認(rèn)真地長(zhǎng)時(shí)間集中精力進(jìn)行思考。deliberate 指緩慢、按部就班地作仔細(xì)而認(rèn)真的思考或判斷。reflect 指回想或回顧，側(cè)重認(rèn)真而冷靜地反復(fù)地思考某個(gè)問(wèn)題，尤指對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的思索。realize, fancy, think, imagine, conceive realize, fancy, think, imagine, conceive 這組詞都有這組詞都有“在思想中形成一個(gè)看法或觀念在思想中形成一個(gè)看法或觀念”的意思，其區(qū)別的意思，其區(qū)別是：是：realize 指領(lǐng)悟，通過(guò)生動(dòng)的構(gòu)思或想象從而抓住事物的本質(zhì)。fancy 與imagine略不同，往往指的是不切實(shí)際的，屬于夢(mèng)幻般的想象。think 最普通用詞，指想或思索，也指由反復(fù)思考而作出判斷或得出結(jié)論等。imagine 比conceive更強(qiáng)調(diào)形象思維，指在頭腦中形成一個(gè)清晰明確的意象。conceive 指在頭腦中組織好自己的思想，在心中形成一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的思想或一個(gè)見(jiàn)解。1. What would a langurs life be like?1. What would a langurs life be like? This is one of the worlds rarest primates靈長(zhǎng)類, Francois langur 黑葉猴. In China they _in just two southern provinces, Guizhou and Guangxi, always in rugged崎嶇的limestone terrains地形. Like most _, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time grooming修飾each other. Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a _of buds芽, fruits and tender young leaves. Babies are born with ginger fur, which gradually turns black from the tail end. Young _have a vice-like grip 虎鉗般的爪, used to cling on to mum for dear life拼命地. As they get older, they get bolder and take more_. Those that survive spend a lot of time travelling. survivemonkeysdietinfantsrisks2. Why langurs are “good rock 2. Why langurs are “good rock climbers”, and why do they limb rocks?climbers”, and why do they limb rocks?The experienced _know exactly where to find seasonal foods in different parts of their range. In such steep terrain, _involves a high level of climbing skill. These monkeys are spectacularly good rock _from the time they learn to walk. In langur society, _rule the roost 做主and take the lead when the family is on the_. One section of cliff懸崖oozes滲出a trickle of mineral-rich water which the monkeys seem to find irresistible.adultstravelclimbersfemalesmove3. What is the “revenue3. What is the “revenue稅收”, and ”, and what is the source of it?what is the source of it?In southern China, caves arent just used for_; they can be a source of revenue for the community. People have been visiting this cave for_. The cave floor is covered in guano鳥(niǎo)糞, so plentiful that 10 minutes work can fill these farmers baskets. Its used as a valuable source of_. A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river. The sound _high up in the roof of the cave. The entrance is full of swifts雨燕. Theyre very sociable birds. More than 200,000 of them share this cave in southern Guizhou Province, the _swift colony in China.sheltergenerationsfertilizeroriginatesbiggest5. How do the fishermens cormorants 5. How do the fishermens cormorants fish in the Li River?fish in the Li River? The men, all called Huang, come from the same_. Now in their 70s and 80s, theyve been fishermen all their lives. Before they release the_, they tie a noose繩套繩套loosely around the neck to stop them swallowing any fish they may_. Chanting and dancing, the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge冒險(xiǎn)嘗試冒險(xiǎn)嘗試. Underwater, the cormorants hunting instinct本能kicks in腿打水游進(jìn), turning them into fish-seeking missiles. Working together, a good cormorant _can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning. The birds return to the raft with their fish because theyve been trained to do so. From the time it first hatched, each of these cormorants has been reared培養(yǎng)to a life of obedience to its_.villagebirdscatchteammaster4. How do the bats fish?4. How do the bats fish?However, deep _the cavern, other creatures are better equipped for subterranean地下的life. A colony of bats is just waking up, using ultrasonic超聲波squeaks吱吱聲to orientate給.定位themselves in the_. Night is the time to go_. Ricketts mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asia which specializes in catching fishes, tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface. This extraordinary _was only discovered in the last couple of years, and has never been filmed before. If catching fish in the dark is impressive印象深刻的印象深刻的, _eating a slippery minnow鰷魚(yú)with no hands while hanging upside down. inside darknesshuntingbehaviorimagine6. How does Geng Zhong Sheng fish, and 6. How does Geng Zhong Sheng fish, and what does he fish?what does he fish?Gengs net is a strange tubular contraption裝置with a closed-off end. More than a hundred _make their living from the lake. Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive, and there are _everywhere. The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch. At first_, it looks disappointing. Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling蠕動(dòng)_小蟲(chóng). Geng doesnt seem too downhearted垂頭喪氣的. The larger fish are kept alive, the only way theyll stay _in the heat. fishermennetssightbugsfresh7. What does the narrator say about the 7. What does the narrator say about the Swinhoes turtleSwinhoes turtle海龜in the Buddhist in the Buddhist temple near Shanghai? temple near Shanghai? According to the monks, the turtle had been given to the temple during the _dynasty, over 400 years ago. It was thought to be the _animal on earth. Soft-shelled turtles are _a gourmet食客食客delicacy美味by many Chinese, and when it was filmed, this was one of just _Swinhoes turtles left alive in China, the rest of its kind having been rounded up圍捕and eaten. Sadly, just a few weeks after filming, this ancient creature_. Mingoldestconsideredthreedied8. Why does the narrator say “the 8. Why does the narrator say “the answer to extinctionanswer to extinction滅絕is protection”?is protection”?Despite being classed as a protected_, giant salamanders娃娃魚(yú) are still illegally sold for food and the _fish is now rare and endangered in the wild. Fortunately, in a few areas like Zhangjiajie, giant salamanders still _ under strict official protection. speciesbabysurvive 1. Like most monkeys, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time ( )each other.2. One section of cliff oozes a trickle of mineral-rich water which the monkeys seem to find( ). groomingirresistibleentertain; impact; According to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture3. During cold winter weather, the monkeys ( )deeper underground where the air stays comparatively warm.4. In southern China, caves arent just used for shelter; they can be a source of ( )for the community.venturerevenueentertain; impact; According to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture5. Though the swifts ( )the cave for shelter, they never stray further than the limits of daylight, as their eyes cant see in the dark. 6. This extraordinary behaviour was only discovered in the last couple of years, and has never been ( )before.depend onfilmedentertain; impact; According to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture7. And this 1,300-year-old tradition is now practised mostly to ( ) tourists.8. So Geng and his fellow fishermen have so far had little ( )on their numbers. entertainimpactentertain; impact; According to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venture9. ( )the monks, the turtle had been given to the temple during the Ming dynasty, over 400 years ago.10. Of these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zhangjiajie is perhaps the most visited by Chinese nature lovers, who come to ( 對(duì)驚奇)the gravity-defying抗拒地心吸引力landscape of soaring高聳的sandstone pinnacles尖峰. According tomarvel atentertain; impact; According to; marvel at; revenue; depend on; filmed; grooming; irresistible; venturedynasty, filmed, thought, considered, dynasty, filmed, thought, considered, delicacy, rounded, creature, reckoned, delicacy, rounded, creature, reckoned, freshwater, individualsfreshwater, individualsIn May 2007, a Wild China camera team ( )this peculiar Swinhoes turtle in the temples fish pond. According to the monks, the turtle had been given to the temple during the Ming( ), over 400 years ago. It was ( )to be the oldest animal on earth. dynastyfilmedthoughtSoft-shelled turtles are ( )a gourmet ( )by many Chinese, and when it was filmed, this was one of just three Swinhoes turtles left alive in China, the rest of its kind having been ( )up and eaten. Sadly, just a few weeks after filming, this ancient ( )died. The remaining ( )of its species are currently kept in separate zoos and Swinhoes turtle is now ( )extinct in the wild. In fact, most of the 25 types of ( )turtles in China are now vanishingly rare瀕臨滅絕. considereddelicacyroundedcreatureindividualsreckonedfreshwaterdynasty, filmed, thought, considered, delicacy, rounded, creature, reckoned, freshwater, individuals貴州的貴州的垂直峽谷垂直峽谷，成為了當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦?dòng)物的密集，成為了當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦?dòng)物的密集焦焦點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。這是世界上最珍稀的。這是世界上最珍稀的靈長(zhǎng)類靈長(zhǎng)類之一白頰之一白頰黑葉猴黑葉猴。在中國(guó)他們只殘存于兩個(gè)南部省份，貴州與廣西。在中國(guó)他們只殘存于兩個(gè)南部省份，貴州與廣西。它們多半棲息于崎嶇的它們多半棲息于崎嶇的石灰?guī)r地貌地帶石灰?guī)r地貌地帶。正如大多。正如大多數(shù)猴子一樣，他們是社會(huì)性生物。并且他們樂(lè)于耗數(shù)猴子一樣，他們是社會(huì)性生物。并且他們樂(lè)于耗費(fèi)大把時(shí)間為彼此費(fèi)大把時(shí)間為彼此整理儀容整理儀容。葉猴是個(gè)不折不扣以。葉猴是個(gè)不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩葉、水果為食的嫩芽、嫩葉、水果為食的素食主義者素食主義者。葉猴寶寶裹。葉猴寶寶裹著著姜黃色的毛發(fā)姜黃色的毛發(fā)出生，這些毛發(fā)隨著生長(zhǎng)逐漸從尾出生，這些毛發(fā)隨著生長(zhǎng)逐漸從尾部開(kāi)始變成黑色。葉猴寶寶部開(kāi)始變成黑色。葉猴寶寶虎鉗般的爪虎鉗般的爪，幫助他們，幫助他們附著在附著在媽媽身上以保證安全。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他媽媽身上以保證安全。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他們?cè)桨l(fā)膽大，并開(kāi)始常識(shí)更多們?cè)桨l(fā)膽大，并開(kāi)始常識(shí)更多刺激刺激。這些是經(jīng)歷諸。這些是經(jīng)歷諸多冒險(xiǎn)后的多冒險(xiǎn)后的幸存者幸存者。vertical gorge-focal point-primates-Francois langur-limestone terrains-grooming-vegetarian-ginger fur-infants-vice-like grip-cling on to-risks-surviveThis vertical gorge in Guizhou Province is a focal point for the regions wildlife. This is one of the worlds rarest primates, Francois langur. In China they survive in just two southern provinces, Guizhou and Guangxi, always in rugged limestone terrains. Like most monkeys, they are social creatures and spend a great deal of time grooming each other. Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits and tender young leaves. Babies are born with ginger fur, which gradually turns black from the tail end. Young infants have a vice-like grip, used to cling on to mum for dear life. As they get older, they get bolder and take more risks. Those that survive spend a lot of time travelling.