2019-2020年八年級英語下冊 Module 5 Problems知識詳解 外研版【同步教育信息】一. 本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：Module 5 Problems二. 重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容：If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句三. 具體內(nèi)容：Module 5 Problems（一）語法詳解條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句最常用的連詞是if，由 if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句表示我們不知目前的實(shí)際情況如何，但卻只要某種條件成立，則必然有預(yù)期的結(jié)果。If從句用現(xiàn)在式動詞，主句則要用現(xiàn)在式的助動詞加動詞原形動詞。If.+現(xiàn)在時(shí)動詞，主語+原形動詞本模塊主要學(xué)習(xí)if條件句主句用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，簡稱“主將從現(xiàn)”如：If you ask him，he will help you. 如果你請他幫忙，他會幫你的。If you fail in the exam，you will let him down. 如果你考試不及格，你會讓他失望的。那么，除了if之外，是否還有其他連詞也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句呢？回答是肯定的，不僅有，還有很多。這些詞由于出現(xiàn)的頻率較小，且用法較復(fù)雜一些，所以不如if為大家所熟知罷了。unless, on condition（that），supposing，provided等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主從句條件關(guān)系分明，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，但有些句子，雖沒有含條件關(guān)系的連詞，卻也隱含著條件關(guān)系，這些句子常用一些詞，如：but for，without等引出一個(gè)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)來表示條件，條件常常是虛擬的，或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。（二）知識點(diǎn)詳解1. Writing a problem page for a magazine.為雜志寫一份問題專欄。辨析：problem 與 question的區(qū)別二者都有“問題”的意思，但用法略有不同。problem 通常指等待解決或決定的問題，尤其比較困難的問題。例如：It is a problem how to make both ends meet. 如何使收支平衡，那是個(gè)問題。I cant work out this maths problem. 我做不出這道數(shù)學(xué)難題。question通常指因?qū)δ呈乱苫蟛唤猓岢鰡栴}。例如：This questionis too difficult to answer. 這個(gè)問題太難，不能回答。2. Tonny is spending too much time in playing his guitar. 托尼花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間彈奏吉他。 spend+名詞+on（for）+名詞He spent all his saving on a new car .他將全部積蓄花在一輛新車上。 spend+名詞+（in）+doing+名詞（口語中常省略in）I spent the summer vacation（in）reading and fishing .看看書、釣釣魚度過暑假。 spend+名詞“用盡、耗盡”（力氣等） I spent all my energy on that job .那份工作耗盡了我全部的精力。 spending moneypocket money 零用錢知識拓展：掌握spend與take，cost，pay的區(qū)別（1）Sb. spend some timemoney on sth. in doing sth .某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢在某事或做某事（spend主語一定是人稱代詞，用于花時(shí)間或金錢）（2）It takes somebody some timesome money to do something . 做某事花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間（It是take的形式主語，真正主語為不定式，take用于花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢）It took me three hours to finish my work . 完成作業(yè)花費(fèi)了我三個(gè)小時(shí)。=It took three hours for me to finish my work.It took him a lot of money to buy her a fur coat . 他給她買一件皮外套花了很多錢。=It took a lot of money for him to buy her a fur coat .（3）cost vt. 花費(fèi)、要價(jià)（不可用被動語態(tài)，物作主語）cost+名詞 This jacket cost 200 dollars.這件夾克價(jià)值200美元。cost+名詞（人）+名詞It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car .（4）pay vi .& vt . 支付、付款給（某人）（人稱代詞作主語）She paid the driver and got out of the taxi. 她付錢給司機(jī)后下了出租車。I paid 200 dollars for this watch. 我花了200美元買這塊手表。3. Rather you than me. 寧愿是你而不是我。rather than 寧可，而不與其說不如說I am rather bored than tired. 我與其說疲憊不如說厭倦。would rather do than do 寧可不愿I would rather stay at home than go out. 我寧可待在家里，不想出去。知識拓展：rather，fairly的區(qū)別二者都有“相當(dāng)”的意思，但用法有所不同。fairly用于表示愉快或滿意的場合。試比較：It is fairly warm today. 今天相當(dāng)暖和。（暖和的程度令人滿意）It is rather cold this morning. 今晨相當(dāng)冷。（令人不滿意）rather可以與too連用，而fairly不能接too。例如：The book is rather too easy. 這本書過于容易。4. And if I play well，Ill play the solo during the Star search concert. 并且如果我演奏得好，在搜索新星的音樂會上我將上演獨(dú)奏。solo n. 獨(dú)奏、獨(dú)唱play a flute solo獨(dú)奏長笛solo adv. 用法：動詞+solodance solo獨(dú)舞 sing solo獨(dú)唱perform solo單獨(dú)表演5. warn+名詞（人）+（not）to do警告某人不要做某事The doctor warned me not to drink. 醫(yī)生告誡我不要喝酒。=The doctor warned me against drinking. 知識拓展：advise忠告urge力勸remend 勸告、推薦advise 忠告admonish 告誡、訓(xùn)誡caution 警告warn 警告6. You mean alone in front of everyone. 你的意思是獨(dú)自一人在大家面前。 alone adv. & adj. 獨(dú)自的、單獨(dú)的 He lives alone in an department. 他獨(dú)自住在公寓里。 Mr Green has been alone since his wife died. 自從格林先生的妻子死后，他就獨(dú)自一人。 alone僅僅、只有（置于名詞、代詞之后） She alone was able to answer the question. 只有她能回答這個(gè)問題。You cant live on meat alone. Eat more vegetable. 你不能單靠吃肉生活，多吃點(diǎn)蔬菜吧。知識拓展：掌握alone與lonely的區(qū)別作為形容詞用alone，lonely都有“孤獨(dú)的”，“單獨(dú)的”意思。但alone是表語形容詞，只能作表語用。lonely除了有“孤獨(dú)的”意思外，還有“寂寞的”意思。另外說明特點(diǎn)時(shí)還有“人跡稀少的”，“荒涼的”意思。例如：Though I am alone，I am not lonely. 雖然我孤獨(dú)一人，但我并不感到寂寞。He was taken to a lonely house. 他被帶到一個(gè)荒無人煙的房子內(nèi)。He is alone man. 他是一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的人。He doesnt feel lonely when he is left alone. 當(dāng)他一人被留下時(shí)，他不感到孤獨(dú)。7. And then one of us plays a solo of some Irish dance music at the end of the Star search concert. 然后在搜索新星音樂會結(jié)尾部分，我們中的一人獨(dú)奏愛爾蘭舞音樂。at the end of 在末端 例如：at the end of the week 在周末知識拓展：at the end of，to the end，in the end與by the endto the end的意思是“到最后”例如：He held out to the end. 他堅(jiān)持到底。in the end意思是“最后、結(jié)局”，表示經(jīng)過許多變化或周折，最后發(fā)生了某事。例如：We made several different plans for our holiday，but in the end we had a summer camp again. 我們制定了好幾種不同的度假方案，但最后我們還是選定了再來一次夏令營活動。by the end+過去的時(shí)間未來的時(shí)間 例如：By the end of last term “到上學(xué)期期末之前”+過去完成時(shí) By the end of next month“到下個(gè)月底之前”+將來時(shí)By the end of last term we had done five experiments. 到上學(xué)期期末之前，我們已經(jīng)作了五個(gè)試驗(yàn)。8. Our music teacher will choose the best player during our final practice.在我們最后練習(xí)期，我們音樂教師會挑選最好的樂手。 practice指為達(dá)到熟練，反復(fù)地去做某事。例如：Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。知識拓展：drill，exercise，practice的辨析它們作為名詞，都有“練習(xí)”的意思。但含義有所不同。drill指課堂上或軍隊(duì)中系統(tǒng)的、嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練；exercise指為提高業(yè)務(wù)水平或技能的必要的練習(xí)。例如：Now，lets do pattern drills. 現(xiàn)在讓我們做句型練習(xí)。The soldiers were at drill in the playground. 士兵們在操場上操練。To improve our English，we do exercises every day. 為了提高英語水平，我們每天做練習(xí)。條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句最常用的連詞是if，由 if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句表示我們不知目前的實(shí)際情況如何，但卻知只要某種條件成立，則必然有預(yù)期的結(jié)果。If從句用現(xiàn)在式動詞，主句則要用現(xiàn)在式的助動詞加動詞原形動詞。If.+現(xiàn)在時(shí)動詞，主語+ 原形動詞本模塊主要學(xué)習(xí)if條件句主句用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，簡稱“主將從現(xiàn)”如：If you ask him，he will help you. 如果你請他幫忙，他會幫你的。If you fail in the exam，you will let him down. 如果你考試不及格，你會讓他失望的。那么，除了if之外，是否還有其他連詞也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句呢?回答是肯定的，不僅有，還有很多。這些詞由于出現(xiàn)的頻率較小，且用法較復(fù)雜一些，所以不如if為大家所熟知罷了。unless，on condition（that），supposing，provided等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主從句條件關(guān)系分明，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，但有些句子，雖沒有含條件關(guān)系的連詞，卻也隱含著條件關(guān)系，這些句子常用一些詞，如：but for，without等引出一個(gè)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)來表示條件，條件常常是虛擬的，或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)?！灸M試題】一. 單項(xiàng)選擇（ ）1. With the new bridge, life in this town will bee more _. A. usefulB. boringC. seriousD. convenient （ ）2. A: Oh, no! I _ my cell phone on the train. B: Lets call the station and ask if anyone has found it. A. brokeB. carriedC. leftD. used（ ）3. There are some dangerous fishes in the river, and Ive warned Jack _ here.A. not to swimB. to not swim C. swim not toD. to swim not（ ）4. Millions of Beijing citizens are learning to _English for the xx Olympic Game.A. tellB. speakC. sayD. talk（ ）5. The xx Special Olympic Games _ in Shanghai.A. will holdB. will be held C. were heldD. held（ ）6. Obey the traffic rules and learn to protect yourself, _is more important than life.A. NothingB. SomethingC. EverythingD. Anything（ ）7. Would you mind watering the flowers for me?_. I have to go to the post office.A. Not at all B. Never mindC. No, pleaseD. Sorry, I cant.（ ）8. Did you have any problems in London? Yes, _Chinese food like rice, noodles and dumplings.A. findB. foundC. findingD. to find（ ）9. I bought CDs for my friend and they _ me $ 30.A. spentB. paidC. costD. used（ ）10. I want to know _the day after tomorrow.A. what he will doB. what will he doC. what he didD. what did he do（ ）11.Would you like to go to the concert with me?Id love to, _I cant. I have a lot of homework to do.A. orB. butC. soD. and（ ）12. May I go surfing alone this afternoon, dad?No, you_. Its dangerous.A. may notB. cantC. needntD. dont（ ）13. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? I think _ them are useful.A. either ofB. none ofC. both ofD. all of（ ）14. Jack likes to _ others but never writes to them.A. hearB. hear ofC. hear aboutD. hear from（ ）15. Its a _ to treat the animals like that.A. shameB. problemC. pityD. question（ ）16. Call the taxi, _ you will miss the train.A. andB. thoughC. becauseD. or（ ）17. Well go for a picnic if it _ tomorrow.A. isnt going to rainB. wont rainC. doesnt rainD. isnt rain（ ）18. As soon as we got to the airport , we found that the plane_A. had already taken offB. already took offC. was already taking offD. was already taken off（ ）19. Mary realized she _.A. was made fun of（取笑）B. was made funC. was being made fun ofD. was being made fun（ ）20. Andrew spends long hours studying every night. He is a（n）_student.A. hard-working B. honest C. luckyD. polite二. 完型填空English names and Chinese names are quite different in some _1_ ways, but its not hard for us to know.Unlike Chinese, most English people have _2_ names. One is their family name, both of the other names are given names. Their family name is_3_the given name. They use Mr, Mrs or Miss with the _4_ name, but they never use_5_first name. For example, we can_6_ a man named James Allan Green Mr Green, _7_we cant call him Mr James or Mr Allan. People usually use Jim _8_ James. Jim is short for James because its _9_to remember.But Chinese names are the opposite. A girl with the name Han Limei _10_ her family name Han first. Of course, she can be called Ah Mei for short in China if you wish.（ ）1. A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the others（ ）2. A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four（ ）3. A. aboveB. frontC. backD. behind（ ）4. A. lastB. givenC. middleD. full（ ）5. A. theirB. themC. itsD. it（ ）6. A. askB. sayC. callD. write（ ）7. A. soB. orC. andD. but（ ）8. A. instead ofB. for longC. so farD. next to（ ）9. A. importantB. easyC. difficultD. interesting（ ）10. A. putB. puttingC. putsD. was put 三. 閱讀理解AHave you wondered what David Beckham will do when he stops playing? He already has a good plan for his life. The 31-year-old star opened his football school, David Beckham Academy （學(xué)校）in London. Its the largest sporting facility（設(shè)施）of its kind in Europe and will provide football training for up to 15,000 children a year.It has two full-size football field, classroom, a dining hall and medical facilities for boys and girls between the age of 8 and 15.Beckham hopes the academy will produce future professional footballers, but he also says that it is just for fun and for the children to enjoy themselves.However, Beckham still decides to continue playing at the highest level in the near future.“ This school is for my future, for after I finish playing. I will e here as much as I can when I get a break, but the most important thing is my playing career,” he said.“ I want to play as long as my legs can take me. I dont want to stop playing, but if it es to a point where I cant do it at the top level any more, then I will stop. But for me, I want to keep playing for Real Madrid and keep playing for England as long as I can.”（ ）1. Who can go to Beckhams football school if possible.A. Linda,20,works in a childrens hospital.B. Carl, 6,likes playing football with other childrenC. Mike, 16 ,a football loverD. Julia,10,shows an interest in sport（ ）2. Beckhams football schoolA. has 30 football starsB. can train more than ten thousand children a yearC. has many football fields and other facilitiesD. Is sure to produce top footballers（ ）3. The Underline it meansA. playing footballB. teaching in schoolC. taking part in the matchD. walking with my legs（ ）4. Which question isnt mentioned in the passage?A. How old is David BeckhamB. Why did Beckham open the schoolC. How many children are there in his school nowD. Whats the most important to Beckham（ ）5. What purpose（目的）does Beckham open the football school?A. the academy will produce future professional footballersB. After Beckham finish playing, he will e here to get a break.C. The academy is just for fun and for the children to enjoy themselves.D. All of the aboveBTo: Aggieyahoo. From: Joeheinfo. netSubject. Help!Date:21/06/xx19:02 AMDear Aunt Aggie,Im having a problem with my classmate, Rena, at school. The other day I wrote an email to another classmate, Beth, in which I said some things about Rena that perhaps werent very nice. Unluckily, when Beth was writing back to me, she accidentally forwarded（無意間轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)）the message to Rena! Now Rena is really angry with me and wont talk to me, and Beth is unhappy as well. She s said sorry to me a hundred times already, but the harm is done. I feel bad, because I never would have said those things to Renas face, but how do I get her to forgive（原諒）me? What should I do? Joe To: joe heinfo. net From: Aggie yahoo. Subject: Some adviceDate:22/06/xx10:45 AMDear Joe,This problem is more mon than you might think! Email is very useful, but also very dangerous, as you dont know where your message might end up! First of all, you should say sorry right away to Rena. Explain that it was a mistake, and that you didnt mean to hurt her feelings. It may take time for her to be able to forgive you, but that s up to her. Then you might want to do something nice for her. Perhaps send her some flowers to show that youre truly sorry. Also, you should remember that old saying : “ If you dont have anything nice to say, dont say anything at all. ” And good luck! Aggie（ ）1. What is Joes problem in the first email?A. Joe made Rena unhappy and he felt very sad.B. Joe s classmate, Rena, sent Beth an email and made her unhappy.C. Joe received a wrong email from Rena and became angry.D. Joes friend, Beth, is unhappy because Joe sent her an angry email.（ ）2. After Renas feelings got hurt, what did Joe do.?A. He emailed her and said sorry.B. He asked Beth what he should do.C. He emailed Aunt Aggie for help.D. He said sorry to Rena face to face.（ ）3. What does the underlined sentence mean in the second email? It means “ ”.A. because you dont know who the email is forB. because you can never know who will get your email at lastC. because you dont know where your email was writtenD. because you never know where the message is from（ ）4. What advice did Aggie give Joe?A. Joe, Beth and Rena should have a talk together.B. Joe should wait for some time before saying sorry to Rena.C. Joe should ask Beth to explain（解釋）that to Rena.D. Joe should say sorry to Rena and then send her some flowers.（ ）5. From the emails, we know thatA. Joe, Rena and Beth study at different schoolsB. Beth didnt forward the message to RenaC. Joe has said sorry to Rena many times alreadyD. Rena hasnt forgiven Joe yet四. 補(bǔ)全對話（A）A. I forgot that. B. Of course, you do. C. Go upstairs and go to bed. .D I wont.E. Thats a good idea. F. I like to go fishing with Grandpa. G. Do I have to?A: Mary, it s your bed time._B: Oh, Mum! _ Its Friday evening and its .still early.A: Yes. Tomorrow we have to get up early to catch the train to your grandpas.B: _OK , Ill go to bed right now.Oh, Mum, do I have to brush my teeth before I go to sleep?A: _ And dont forget to open the bedroom window.B: _Good night, Mum !A : Good night.（B）A: Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the airport?B: Certainly. Go down this street, and take a No. 11 bus.A: _?B: Its about three kilometers away from here.A: Thanks.（Now A is in the airport, and wants to get two tickets. ）C: Can I help you, sir?A: Yes, please. Id like two tickets to London.C. Ok. _?A: On the 8th of next month.C: The 8th, July ? Let me see. Mm Sorry, we dont have any planes to London on that day.B: The 9th of July? Thats OK. Whats the flight number?C: Its CA 767.A: CA 767.C: Er, it leaves Beijing at 15:30.A: I see.C: 5200 yuan.五. 完成句子1. 我父親警告過我不要使用他的電腦玩游戲，因?yàn)樗秒娔X工作。My father _ _ me not to use his puter for playing games because he uses it for his job.2. 如果你告訴他真相，你會證明你是多么誠實(shí)。If you _ him the _ , youll prove how honest you are.3. 你的胃痛并不令人驚訝，畢竟你吃得太多。Its not surprising youve got stomachache. _ _,youve eaten too much.4. 李琳打破了學(xué)校記錄，我們?yōu)樗院馈i Lin broke the school record, we are _ _him.5. 出乎所有人的意料，那個(gè)計(jì)劃竟然取得了成功。To _ _ , the plan succeeded.六. 綜合填空In sports, numbers tell the n_ of the players to scorers（得分手）or other players,and sometimes also s_ their position（位置）. Some numbers have more important meaning. In soccer, goalkeeper generally w_ the No. 1 shirt. Defenders（守門員）often wear numbers b 2 and 6. Midfielders wear numbers 4,6,7,8,10 and 11. Strikers（前鋒）u_ wear 9 and 10. Englands Wayne Rooney wears No 9 in the world. In basketball , NBA teams often retire（itt ; lJJ）the numbers of their greatest a_ most talented play-ers . Retiring a number is an honor to the p_ who wore it. This m_ no other player on the team is able to use that number in the future. When Michael Jordan retired from basketball the first time , in 1993,the Chicago Bulls retired his number23. Out of respect for the h_ , the Miami Heat team also retires No 23 in xx, even t_ he had never played for that team. 七. 書面表達(dá)根據(jù)中文提示和英文書信的內(nèi)容，寫一封意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于80詞的回信。假設(shè)你叫李玲，是英國中學(xué)生李玲的筆友，你收到了她的郵件。請根據(jù)她來信的內(nèi)容寫一封回信。針對她的困惑，談?wù)勀愕目捶ǎ瑫r(shí)提出一些建議，告訴她能干什么，不能干什么。Dear Li Ling,These days Tom Cruise, the film star, always es into my mind. I think of him night and day. I just sit in my room and watch videos of his films again and again. Ive written hundreds of letters to him and sent E-mail to his fan club , but all I get back are only photos with his names on them. I dream that some day Ill meet him and that he i1 feel the same way about me. I dont want to learn my lessons any more , and I11 have final exams next month.Im thinking of running away to Hollywood to meet him. Can you help me with the problem?YoursLucyHi Lucy，Nice to hear from you _【試題答案】五. 完成句子1. has warned 2. tell；truth 3. After all 4. proud of 5. everyones surprise六. 綜合填空1. names 2. show 3. wear 4. between 5. usually 6. and 7. player 8. means 9. hero 10. though七. 書面表達(dá)One possible version:Hi, Lucy,Nice to hear from you. Everyone has his favorite stars and theres nothing wrong with that. I understand you. I dont think what you do is right since you are a student. Youd better read more interesting books and have more sports in your free time. Stop writing to him and watching his films. You may also tell your problem to your parents and teachers. Im sure theyll help you. Running away to Hollywood is a wrong idea. Work hard on your lessons and get ready for exams. Your future is in your hands.Yours,Li Ling【勵志故事】上帝沒有輕看卑微一位父親帶著兒子去參觀凡高故居，在看過那張小木床及裂了口的皮鞋之后，兒子問父親：“凡高不是位百萬富翁嗎？”父親答：“凡高是位連妻子都沒娶上的窮人。”第二年，這位父親帶兒子去丹麥，在安徒生的故居前，兒子又困惑地問：“爸爸，安徒生不是生活在皇宮里嗎？”父親答：“安徒生是位鞋匠的兒子，他就生活在這棟閣樓里?！边@位父親是一個(gè)水手，他每年往來于大西洋各個(gè)港口，這位兒子叫伊東布拉格，是美國歷史上第一位獲普利策獎的黑人記者，20年后，在回憶童年時(shí)，他說：“那時(shí)我們家很窮，父母都靠做苦力為生。有很長一段時(shí)間，我一直認(rèn)為像我們這樣地位卑微的黑人是不可能有什么出息的。好在父親讓我認(rèn)識了凡高和安徒生，這兩個(gè)人告訴我，上帝沒有輕看卑微。”原來，很多時(shí)候，是出身卑微的人自己看低了自己。