2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) Module 8 Public holidays 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 外研版時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：各位觀眾，大家好！我是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，我的作用是用一個(gè)句子(從句)來(lái)作另一個(gè)句子(主句)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)句子(主句)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，請(qǐng)看大屏幕：凡是從句都必須有引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)我時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞很多，請(qǐng)看：1. when"當(dāng)時(shí)"，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句用于表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間。例如：The days get longer when spring es.春天到來(lái)時(shí)，白天變得更長(zhǎng)了。2.before"在之前"，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。例如：Close the door before you leave the room.離開(kāi)房間前關(guān)上門(mén)。3.after"在之后"，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之后。例如：I went to bed after I finished my homework.做完作業(yè)后我就去睡覺(jué)了。4.as soon as "一就"，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作緊接著從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生。例如：Ill telephone you as soon as I get there.我一到那兒就給你打電話。5.until、till"直到"，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句常用肯定形式；當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句要用否定形式，即"not . until / till ."意為"直到才"。例如：Ill wait here until / till he es back.我將在這里等著，直到他回來(lái)。You cant go home until / till you finish your work.直到你完成你的工作，你才能回家。條件狀語(yǔ)從句：Hi, everybody!我是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件。我條件狀語(yǔ)從句不像時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句有那么多從屬連詞，在初中階段我常由if(如果)引導(dǎo)，表示假如有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生就會(huì)有主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。例如：Please call me if he is at home.假如他在家的話，請(qǐng)給我打電話。我和主句還有一個(gè)共同的伙伴，有時(shí)它可以替代我和主句，它就是"祈使句+and / or+簡(jiǎn)單句"。其中and表示句意順承；or則表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為"否則"。例如：If you work harder, youll pass the exam. (= Work harder, and youll pass the exam.)如果你再努力些，你就會(huì)通過(guò)考試。If you dont hurry up, youll miss the train. ( = Hurry up, or youll miss the train.)如果你不快點(diǎn)兒，你就趕不上火車(chē)了。主持人：聽(tīng)完二位經(jīng)理的精彩介紹，不知大家有何感想，下面就由我向大家透露點(diǎn)兒內(nèi)幕消息，請(qǐng)看大屏幕：復(fù)合句集團(tuán)有限公司的兩條基本規(guī)章制度-時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問(wèn)題以及主從句的位置問(wèn)題：一、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)一般來(lái)講，在復(fù)合句集團(tuán)有限公司中都要遵循主、從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)律，狀語(yǔ)從句分公司也不例外。即主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。具體地講，主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(包括祈使句和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must等)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Be careful when you cross the road.過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心。You must see the doctor if you are ill.如果你生病了，你必須去看醫(yī)生。主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：My brother could swim when he was seven years old.我弟弟七歲時(shí)就會(huì)游泳了。另外，告訴大家我們的一個(gè)怪脾氣：如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，我們從句偏不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：I wont go there with you if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨的話，我就不和你一起去那兒了。We shall go and play basketball after school is over.在放學(xué)之后，我們將去打籃球。二、主從句的位置大多數(shù)情況下，從句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。不過(guò)從句在前時(shí)，主從句之間必須用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。例如：Please tell me when he es back. = When he es back, please tell me. 主持人：好了，我們說(shuō)得不少了，下面就讓我們和大家進(jìn)行實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練吧！單項(xiàng)選擇1. _ you eat old food, you may be ill. a. Before b. Until c. If d. Which 2. We wont have our sports meeting if it _ tomorrow. a. rains b. will rain c. rained d. rain 3. He _ wait until the rain _ . a. wont, will stop b. wont, stop c. will, stops d. will, will stop 4. As soon as Jane _ here, Ill post the letter to Mike. a. leave b. will leave c. leaves d. left 5. It was already five oclock _ we got home. a. when b. while c. because d. if 時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句"實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō)"參考答案：1-5 caccawhen，while，as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 when，while，as顯然都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但用法區(qū)別非常大。 一、when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；而while和as只能和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get為短暫性動(dòng)詞）你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作，為何還想再找新的？ Sorry，I was out when you called me（call為短暫性動(dòng)詞）對(duì)不起，你打電話時(shí)我剛好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot（is為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)）趁熱打鐵。 The students took notes as they listened（listen為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）學(xué)生們邊聽(tīng)課邊做筆記。 二、when從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生；while和as從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作必須是和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 1從句動(dòng)作在主句動(dòng)作前發(fā)生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest（finished先發(fā)生）當(dāng)他完成作業(yè)后，他休息了一會(huì)兒。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后發(fā)生）當(dāng)我趕到飛機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，客人們已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。 2從句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且從句動(dòng)作為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）當(dāng)我們跳舞時(shí)，一位陌生人走了進(jìn)來(lái)。 When While As she was making a phone call，I was writing a letter（make為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）當(dāng)她在打電話時(shí)，我正在寫(xiě)信。 3當(dāng)主句、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句動(dòng)作的時(shí)間概念淡化，而主要表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或條件時(shí)，只能用 as。這時(shí)，as常表示“隨著”；“一邊，一邊”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse（as表示“隨著”之意） The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases隨著高度的增加，大氣越來(lái)越稀薄。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer隨著時(shí)間一年一年過(guò)去，中國(guó)變得越來(lái)越富強(qiáng)了。 The little girls sang as they went小姑娘們一邊走，一邊唱。 The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying傷心的媽媽坐在路邊，邊哭邊叫。 4在將來(lái)時(shí)從句中，常用when，且從句須用一般時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it在我讀完這本書(shū)后，你可以借閱。 When the manager es here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this下周，經(jīng)理來(lái)這參觀時(shí)，我會(huì)和他談?wù)劥耸隆?三、when用于表示“一就”的句型中（指過(guò)去的事情）。 sbhad hardly（scarcely） done sthwhenHardly Scarcely had sbdone sthwhen I had hardly scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the doorHardly Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door我剛一閉上眼，就有人在敲門(mén)了。 I had hardly scarcely entered my room when the telephone rangHardly Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang我剛一走進(jìn)房門(mén)，電話就響了。