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2019-2020年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) Unit 12 復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 人教新目標(biāo)版 I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ): 1. 校規(guī)/班規(guī)/家規(guī) school rules / class rules / family rules 2. 上課遲到 be / arrive late for class 3. 在走廊上跑 run in the hallways 4. 在外面聽(tīng)音樂(lè) listen to music outside 5. 在餐廳吃飯 eat in the dining hall 6. 戴帽子/穿制服 wear a hat / uniform 7．體育課穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋 wear sports shoes for gym class 8. 在有課的晚上外出 go out on school nights 9. 每天練吉他 practice your guitar every day / practice playing the guitar every day 10. 去睡覺(jué) go to bed 11. 洗衣服 wash my clothes = do some washing 12. 幫媽媽做飯 help mom make/cook dinner 13. 去少年宮學(xué)鋼琴 go to the Children’s Palace to learn the piano 14. 不許講話 No talking! = Don’t talk! 不許大聲喧嘩 Don’t talk loudly! II. 語(yǔ)法講解 1．“必須”考查must與have to 在英語(yǔ)中，must與have to都可以表示“必須”，但其用法有所不同。 (1) must表示說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有義務(wù)有必要。 如：我們必須努力工作。（是我們要這樣做的） We _______ _______ _______. (2) have to 表示客觀需要，即周圍的環(huán)境、習(xí)慣、協(xié)約等要求某人“不得不作某事”。 如：我們不得不努力工作。（環(huán)境使我們不得不這樣做）We ______ ______ _______ _____. (3) must的否定形式為 _________, have to的否定形式為_(kāi)____________, 兩者意義也不同。前者表示“不應(yīng)該”、“不許可”、“禁止”等，后者表示“不必要”。 如：你們不能在馬路上踢足球。 You _______ play football on the road. 你今天不必練鋼琴了。You _______ _______ ______ practice the piano today. (4) 要表示過(guò)去獲獎(jiǎng)來(lái)“必須”，則必須用have to的相應(yīng)形式。 如：昨天我們不得不去購(gòu)物。 We ______ ______ go shopping yesterday. 練一練： 1.He has to stay at home. 否定：He _______ ______ _____ stay at home. 一般疑問(wèn)：_______ he ______ _____ stay at home? Yes, he ______. / No, he _______. 劃線提問(wèn)：______ _____ he _____ ____ ____? 2. She ___ e early next time. A. dont have to B. hasn’t to C. doesnt has to D. doesn’t have to 3. Does she have to get up so early tomorrow morning? Yes, she _.A. is B. have C. has D. does 4. I like the party so much, but I ___ go home. It’s too late. A. must B. have to C. may D. can 5. Does Linda ___ to go to school on weekends? No, she ___. A. have, dont B. has, doesnt C. have, doesnt D. has, haven’t 2. 小小 “by”能耐大 by雖然只是一個(gè)小小的介詞，可是能耐可不小 (1) 到（某時(shí)）之前，不遲于… 她必須十點(diǎn)前睡覺(jué) She _____ ___ go to bed ____ ten o’clock. (2) 在….旁邊 醫(yī)院旁邊有家飯店 ______ ____ a restaurant ____ the hospital. (3) 用…., 通過(guò)…. (表示方法、手段等) 我們經(jīng)常騎自行車上學(xué) We often go to school ____ _____. 你們應(yīng)該通過(guò)努力學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)提高英語(yǔ)水平 You should _______ your English _____ _____ hard. 練一練： 1. 今天下午五點(diǎn)半之前我必須完成作業(yè) I _____ _____ finish my homework ____ 5:30 this afternoon. 2. 我妹妹通常坐公交車上學(xué) My sister usually _____ to school _____ bus. 3. 那本書(shū)是他叔叔寫(xiě)的 That book was written ____ his uncle. 3. too many PK too much too many和too much都有“太多”的意思，但其用法不同。too many用來(lái)修飾____________, too much用來(lái)修飾______________ 如：房間里有太多的書(shū) There are ______ ______ books in the room. 今天我有太多的作業(yè)要做 I have _____ ______ homework to do today. 練一練：用too many或too much填空 1. He has _____ _____ things to do today. 2. I had _____ _____ homework to do last weekend. 3. My mother does _____ _____ housework every day. 4. The shop was too crowded. There were _____ _____ people in it. 4.“祈使句”的新模樣 課文原句展示：不準(zhǔn)講話！No talking! 上句中No在此意為“不許”，是形容詞，表示禁止做某事，其后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，相當(dāng)于否定的祈使句。 如：禁止吸煙！No smoking! = ______ ______! 不要在課堂上講話！No talking in class! = ______ ______ in class! 禁止游泳！No swimming! = ______ _______! 歸納：______ + ________, 意為“禁止….或不準(zhǔn)….”多用于公共警示用語(yǔ)。 III. 單元綜合提升 全方位透視“祈使句”類型 祈使句是用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議的句子，它的特點(diǎn)是通常沒(méi)有______, 多以________ 開(kāi)始，句尾用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)，朗讀時(shí)常用降調(diào)。我們可用這段順口溜來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)祈使句。 祈使句簡(jiǎn)說(shuō) 動(dòng)詞原形無(wú)主語(yǔ)，婉言用“請(qǐng)”“讓”字句； 牢牢記住這兩點(diǎn)，定能學(xué)好祈使句。 1. P型：Please +動(dòng)詞原形+其他 常表示客氣的請(qǐng)求，有時(shí)please也放在句尾，其前加逗號(hào)。如： 請(qǐng)進(jìn) Please _____ _____. = _____ ____, please. 請(qǐng)坐 Please _____ _____. = _____ ____, please. 2. L型：Let +賓格代詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 常表示請(qǐng)求和建議。 如：讓我來(lái)讀吧 _____ _____ read it. 咱們?nèi)ヅ郎桨?______ go to the mountains. 3. V型：V (代表動(dòng)詞原形) +賓語(yǔ)+其他 常用來(lái)表達(dá)命令。 如：把門(mén)關(guān)上。 ______ the door. 起立！ ______ up! 4. B型：Be +表語(yǔ)(名詞或形容詞) +其他 強(qiáng)調(diào)表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。 如：做個(gè)好學(xué)生。 _____ a good student. 安靜！ ______ ______! 5. D型：Don’t +動(dòng)詞原形+其他 是否定的祈使句，表示告訴某人不要做某事。 如：不要遲到。 ______ _____ late. 不要在課堂上吃東西。 ______ ______ in class. 6. N型：No +名詞或動(dòng)名詞+其他 這種否定的祈使句多用于公共警示語(yǔ)。 如：禁止拍照！ ______ ______! 禁止游泳！ _____ ________! 練一練：改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1. Not sit over there. 2. Be not angry with me. 3. Don’t please look at me. 4. Let me to help you. 5. Don’t late for school. 6. No swim! 7. Let’s good friends! 8. e please here. Exercises: ( ) 1. I often go to bed late because I have ___ homework to do every day. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too ( ) 2. ____ in the school library. A. No talk B. Not talking C. No talking D. Talking 3. Every day we practice ________ (speak) English with some Americans after school. 4. Can you help me _______ (make) dumplings? 5. Do you have to _________(cook) dinner ? 6. Please ________ (stand) up when your teacher es in. 7. You can’t listen to music when your mother is sleeping. (祈使句) ________ ________ to music when your mother is sleeping . 8. 你得幫你媽媽做飯嗎? Do you ______ _______ help your mother _______ _______ ? Test time ( ) 1. Let’s ___ our school rules. A. talk for B. talk with C. talk to D. talk about ( ) 2. When you are late for class, your teacher often says, “____.” A. Don’t run in the hallways. B. You are not right. C. Don’t arrive late for class again D. You are right. ( ) 3. --- Do you have to wear your sports shoes at school? --- ____ . A. Yes, I have B. No, I haven’t C. Yes, I don’t D. No, I don’t ( ) 4. I have ____ homework to do. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too ( ) 5. Linda often helps me ______ English. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studies ( ) 6. There was no bus, so they ___ walk home. A. have to B. has to C. had to D. can have to ( ) 7. Mike ______ his uniform today. A. put on B. is wearing C. wear D. puts on ( ) 8. Can you go out ______ school nights? A. at B. to C. in D. on ( ) 9. I have to go to bed ______ 9 o’clock. A. byB. toC. onD. in ( ) 10. ____ eat in class. A. Please B. Please not C. Not D. Don’t ( ) 11. He often _____ English with the classmates. A. practice speakB. practices speak C. practices speakingD. practice speaking ( ) 12. Students can’t ___ hats in the classroom. A. put onB. wearC. in D. wearing ( ) 13. My teacher says students can’t _____ music in the classroom. A. hear B. hear to C. listen D. listen to ( ) 14. If you arrive late _______ school, you must say ______ to your teacher. A. for, thanks B. for, sorry C. to, sorry D. in, thanks ( ) 15. Would you like ______ for a walk after supper tonight? A. go out B. going out C. went out D. to go out 16. We shouldn’t break the school _______ /ru:lz/. 17. Don’t talk too _______/laudli /! Your baby sister is sleeping. 18. Dont eat ___________ / aut＇s aid /. 19. What _______ /els/ do I have to do before class starts? 20. Look! The two boys are ________ /faiti? /. 21. ________ (not) talk, the baby is sleeping. 22. Please _______ (stand) up when your teacher es in. 23. It’s time for us _________ (have) lunch. 24. Each student ______ (have) 6 things now. 25. The sign says: “No ___________ (swim)!” 26. You can’t listen to music when your mother is sleeping. (祈使句) ______ _______ to music when your mother is sleeping. 27. What other things do you have to do on Sundays? = ________ _______ do you have to do on Sundays? 28. No photos here. = _______ _______ any photos here. 29. I have to wash the dishes at home. ________ ______ you have to ______ at home? 30. He has to be in bed by 10 o’clock. (疑問(wèn)句) _______ he _______ to be in bed by 10 o’clock? 31. 不要在走廊里跑或和別人打架。 _______ ______ or _______ with others in the ________. 32. 杰克經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到。Jack is often _____ ____ school. 33. 我們必須在體育課上穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋嗎？是的。 _____ we ______ to wear sports shoes _____ gym class? Yes, you ______. 34. 上個(gè)周末我不得不去少年宮學(xué)鋼琴。 I _____ to _____ to the _________ Palace _____ _______ the piano last weekend. 35. 她從來(lái)都不開(kāi)心，因?yàn)樗募乙?guī)實(shí)在太多了。 She never ______ any ______ because she has _______ _______ family rules. It is the last lesson before the vacations and the children’s English teacher is as happy as her students. She plays some nice games with them, they sing some songs together, and then the teacher goes to the blackboard and writes “SMILES” on it. “This is one of the longest words in the English language,” she says to the class. All of the students laugh, and then one girl says, “Why is it one of the longest words in the English language?” The teacher says nothing for a few seconds. Then she smiles and says, “Because there is a mile between the first letter and the last.” 1. It’s an _________ lesson. 2. The students will ______ _____ vacation. 3. The teacher and the students have fun ________ games. 4. The teacher writes “_______” on the blackboard. 5. She tells her students the word is _______ of the _________ words in the English language.