Unit 13 Were trying to save the earth!Section B (3a-self check)【重點講練】1. Which parts need to be improved? 哪些部分需要被改善？辨析：need to be done; need doing與need to do need doing=need to be done 需要被現(xiàn)在分詞doing表被動“需要被做”，相當于need to be done。 My watch needs repairing. =My watch needs to be repaired.我的表需要修了。 need后加不定式，證明need為實義動詞，而非情態(tài)動詞，這時need有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 He needs to get up early. 他需要早起?！拘≡嚺５丁繂雾椷x擇。Something is wrong with my car. It needs _. A. repairB. to repairC. repairingD. to be repair 2. What or who is causing these problems? 什么或誰將會導致這些問題？cause用作動詞，當“引起，造成，使得”講。一般指引起或造成不好的結果。 cause sb. sth.= cause sth. to sb.(后接間接賓語+直接賓語)為固定用法。He caused his parents much trouble.= He caused much trouble to his parents. 他給父母帶來很多煩惱?！拘≡嚺５丁扛臑橥x句。It caused him lots of worries. It caused lots of worries _ him. 【達標訓練】I. 單項選擇1. My alarm clock doesnt work. It needs _. A. to be repairedB. repairC. to repairD. for repairing 2. His death was _ by a high fever. A. spreadB. causedC. gotD. showed 3. His mother _ a worker in that factory. A. used to beB. usedC. used to beingD. used be 4. Your classroom is very clean.Sure. It _ after school every day.A. is cleaned B. cleans C. cleaned D. is cleaning5. Hes never stolen anything before, _he? _. Its his second time to be taken to the police station. A. hasnt; YesB. has; YesC. has; NoD. is; No II. 將下面的句子改為同義句。1. Both Tom and I were in the school library yesterday. _ _ Tom _ _ I was in the school library yesterday. 2. Reading in bed does harm to your eyes. Reading in bed _ _ _ your eyes. 3. The old car caused me lots of trouble. The old car caused _ _ trouble _ me. 4. He spent ten yuan on the book. He _ ten yuan _ the book. 5. My hair needs cutting. My hair needs _ _ _. 專題復習【語法點撥】本單元復習現(xiàn)在進行時、used to句型、被動語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成時和情態(tài)動詞?，F(xiàn)在進行時（1）含義：表示正在發(fā)生或進行的動作。（2）基本結構：主語 + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞（be 的形式隨主語的變化而變化）（3）基本用法：表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。特征：常常與now或具體的時間連用，有時句中會有感官動詞來提示，或通過上下文來暗示。表示現(xiàn)階段一直進行的動作。這類動詞常常是延續(xù)性動詞。常于at present, this week, these days等連用。表示主語的特征、性格、能力等?，F(xiàn)在完成時（1）含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在還有影響。（2）基本結構：主語 + have / has + 過去分詞（3）基本用法：表示過去發(fā)生的動作，但強調對現(xiàn)在產生影響。特征：不能與表示具體的時間狀語連用。表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能繼續(xù)下去。常常與since, for, in the past + 時間名詞，in the last +時間名詞等時間狀語連用，而且謂語動詞要求是延續(xù)性動詞。表示一種“經(jīng)歷或體驗”，即可以表示經(jīng)歷過也可以是從來都沒有經(jīng)歷過。被動語態(tài)初中階段我們學習了七種被動結構，歸納如下：（1）一般現(xiàn)在時是被動語態(tài)：am / is / are + 過去分詞（2）現(xiàn)在完成時的被動式： have / has + been + 過去分詞（3）現(xiàn)在進行時的被動式：am/ is/ are + being + 過去分詞（4）一般過去時的被動式：was / were + 過去分詞（5）過去進行時的被動式：was / were + being + 過去分詞（6）過去完成時的被動式：had + been + 過去分詞（7）一般將來時的被動式：will / be going to be+ 過去分詞（8）含有情態(tài)動詞的被動式：情態(tài)動詞+be +動詞的過去分詞。情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，如認為“可能”、“應當”、“必要”等。情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的意義，但不能單獨作謂語，也沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。后面一般跟動詞原形。used to 結構used to意為“過去常常做某事”，指的是過去的習慣性動作，目的在于與現(xiàn)在形成對照。used to是個情態(tài)動詞，其中的to是不定式符號，后面跟動詞原形。在美式英語中。它的疑問式是：Did 主語use to do sth？否定式是：主語didnt use。在英式英語中，它的疑問式應當是：Used 主語to sth？否定式應當是used not to或use（d）nt to。He used to stay up late. 他過去常熬到很晚?！緦崙?zhàn)演練】I. 用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. The old man used _ (be) a teacher. 2. We should _ (clean) the room every day. 3. Look! Tom _ (sleep) in his room. 4. Lots of trees _ (plant) on the hill every year. 5. He _ (live) here for 20 years. II. 單項選擇。1. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he _ yet. A. didnt arrive B. doesnt arrive C. isnt arriving D. hasnt arrived2. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _ as “Peoples Writer”.A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards3. Where is Tom? He _ in his room. A. is readingB. readsC. readD. was reading 4. May I go out now, Dad? No. You _ let your mother know first. A. can B. may C. need D. must5. Her son _ Coke, but now he _ milk.A. used to drink ; is used to drinking B. used to drinking ; drinksC. is used to drinking ; used to drink D. is used to drink ; is drinking【寫作演練】話題導入本單元以“談論污染和環(huán)境保護”為話題，圍繞這一話題談論人們在日常生活中應該如何保護環(huán)境。這也是單元測試和中考等試題中?？嫉脑掝}作文之一。【習作在線】保護人類共同的家園地球是每個人的責任和義務。我們在生活中的點滴小事上也能做出自己的貢獻。根據(jù)表格內容，談一談曾經(jīng)為保護環(huán)境做過哪些努力，將來還打算如何去做。要求： 1. 詞數(shù)不少于50詞； 2. 開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)； 3. 意思連貫，條理清晰，適當發(fā)揮。turn off the lights when you leave a roomturn off the shower while washing hairstop using paper napkins take your own bags when shoppingstop riding in carsride a bikerecycle books and paper【中考全練】1. Its getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around2. How does Jack usually go to work?He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking3. In the last ten month, September Miracle(奇跡)_on CCTV for more than five times and is popular all over the country. A. has played the piano B. has given out their song disks C .has written songs D. has performed4.Not only my friends but also I_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A. be B. am C. is D. are5. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering Section B (3a-self check)【重點講練】1. C2. to 【達標訓練】I. 1.A sth. needs to be done 意為“某物需要被”。2. B cause 意為“引起；造成”。句意：他的死亡是由高燒引起的。3. A used to do sth.意為“過去常用常做某事”。4. A 由時間狀語every day可推斷出用一般現(xiàn)在時；it指代classroom，是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)。5. B 由時間狀語before可推斷出用現(xiàn)在完成時，never是表示否定意義的副詞，所以附加疑問句用肯定形式；再根據(jù)答語的后半部分可推斷出“他以前偷過東西”；橫線上用yes。 II. 1.Not only but also 2. is harmful to 3. lots of to 4. paid for 5. to be cut 專題復習【語法點撥】I. 1.to be 2. clean 3. is sleeping 4. are planted 5. has lived II. 1. D“他還沒有出現(xiàn)”表示從過去某個時間開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)，應當用現(xiàn)在完成時。2. A 句子的主語Ba Jin是動作的承受者，應當用被動語態(tài)。 3. A 指“他(說話時) 正在房間里看書”。4. D must 意為“必須”；句意：你必須先讓你媽知道。5. A used to do sth. 意為“過去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth. 意為“習慣于做某事”；句意：她的兒子過去常喝可樂，但是他出在習慣喝牛奶了?！緦懽餮菥殹縄ts our duty to protect the earth. I always turn off the lights when I leave a room. While I am washing my hair, I usually turn off the shower. Besides, if I want to shop, I always take my own bags instead of using plastic bags. I have decided to do more things to protect our earth, such as recycling books and paper and stopping riding in cars.【中考全練】1. A turn on 意為“打開”；句意：天黑了，請開燈。2. A used to do sth. 意為“過去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth. 意為“習慣于做某事”；句意：Jack如何去上班？他過去常開車，但是現(xiàn)在他習慣步行去上班以便減肥。3. D“九月奇跡”是一個歌唱組合，所以應當是在中央電視臺表演。4. B not only but also 引導的并列成分作用主語時，謂語動詞與but also后面的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。5. B 主語more chances是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)。