專題12 感嘆句和倒裝句丟分題詳解【2019 青海省中考】_ useful advice you gave us!A. WhatB. What aC. How【參考答案】A 【試題解析】句意：你給了我們多么有用的建議啊！分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)useful advice 可知句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞！，句中advice消息，不可數(shù)名詞。故選A。丟分探因此題易誤選B，很多學(xué)生容易把a(bǔ)dvice當(dāng)成是可數(shù)名詞，且useful是以輔音音音素開頭的單詞，所以第一空很容易誤填What a，其實(shí)advice是不可數(shù)名詞，前不用冠詞，useful是形容詞，故前用what修飾。查漏補(bǔ)缺感嘆句的基本用法 用來表示說話人強(qiáng)烈的喜、怒、哀、樂等感情的句子，叫感嘆句。感嘆句由what或how引導(dǎo)，具體用法如下表：類別結(jié)構(gòu)例句what引導(dǎo)What + a/an + 形容詞 + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!What a kind girl ( she is )! （她是）一個(gè)多么善良的女孩??！What + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天氣！how引導(dǎo)How + 主語 + 謂語!How time flies! 時(shí)間飛逝！How + 形容詞/副詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!How brave ( the hero is )!（這個(gè)英雄）真勇敢！How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!How + 形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（+ 主語 + 謂語）!How clever ( a boy he is )! （他是）一個(gè)多么聰明的男孩啊！【典例】【2019 內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特中考】Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How 【答案】B【解析】句意：關(guān)董救了一位老太太走出長江。他表現(xiàn)出多么杰出的勇氣啊！從句意知，本題考查的是感嘆句，由于courage是不可數(shù)名詞，因此用感嘆詞 What，故選B?！?019 湖南省邵陽中考】_ different life is today!Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now. A. What aB. HowC. What【答案】B【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)different life is today可知句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：How +形容詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞！different形容詞，不同的， life生活，主語故選B。陳述句改感嘆句 陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句時(shí)，常使用一斷二加三換位的方法：1. 一斷，即在謂語后邊斷開，使句子分為兩部分。She is a beautiful girl. 她是一位美麗的姑娘。He works hard. 他工作努力。2. 二加，即如果第二部分為副詞、形容詞，就加上how；如果是一個(gè)名詞(詞組)，就加上what。She is (what) a beautiful girl. He works (how) hard. 3. 三換位，即把第一部分與第二部分互換位置，同時(shí)把句號(hào)換為感嘆號(hào)。What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 【典例】She is a hard-working student. (改為感嘆句)_【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is!【解析】感嘆句有What. 和How. 兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，在該題中，如果用What，感嘆部分為What a hard-working student；而如果用How，感嘆部分則為How hard-working。方法技巧感嘆句記憶口訣感嘆句，并不難，what與how應(yīng)在前。形容詞、副詞跟著how，what后面名詞連。名詞若是可數(shù)單，前帶冠詞a或an。主語、謂語放后面，省略它們也常見丟分題詳解 It was because I was caught in the traffic jam _ I came to school late this morning.A. which B. when C. what D. that【參考答案】D 【試題解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is.that.結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語，故選D。句意：今天早上我來學(xué)習(xí)遲到是因?yàn)槲蚁萦诮煌ㄗ枞?。丟分探因此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who.，判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一個(gè)原則是，把It is/was和that/who.去掉，句子仍然是一個(gè)完整的句子，此句把It was和空處之后，剩下的為because I was caught in the traffic jam I came to school late this morning，仍然是一個(gè)完整的句子，故判斷此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，故選D。查漏補(bǔ)缺 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是一種特殊句式，用于表達(dá)說話任強(qiáng)烈的感情或意愿。強(qiáng)調(diào)就是使句中某一部分所包含的信息，通過某種手段比一般情況下顯得更加重要。 1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法(1)基本句型： It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who. It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.只有通過傾聽和相互理解， 孩子和父母之間的問題才可能被解決。 (強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語) (2)一般疑問句形式： Is/Was it被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他？ Was it because he behaved badly that he was punished by this teacher? 是因?yàn)樗憩F(xiàn)太差而受到老師的懲罰嗎？(3)特殊疑問句形式： 特殊疑問詞is/was itthat其他？ ,特殊疑問詞就是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分。When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他是什么時(shí)候決定選修這門課程的？ 【易錯(cuò)警示】當(dāng)疑問句式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句出現(xiàn)在名詞性從句中時(shí)，疑問句語序要變成陳述句語序。He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 他問我是誰錯(cuò)拿了他的雨傘。 I just wonder why it is that Mr. Black seldom mentions his childhood?(4)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的反義疑問句強(qiáng)調(diào)句的反義疑問句由that/who前的主句確定用isnt it 或wasnt it.It is Mr. Smith who will come to give us a lecture tomorrow, isnt it?It was in the dining room that you lost your wallet , wasnt it?(4)含有not. until. 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型： It is/was not until被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that. It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的計(jì)劃。2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中it的應(yīng)用It在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中無實(shí)際意義，也不可以用that 或this替代。3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中be動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)用若原句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用is ;若原句為過去時(shí)，則be動(dòng)詞用was.另外，可視情況在be動(dòng)詞前加情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may, might, could , must等，表明說話人的語氣。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的否定式在be動(dòng)詞后加not。It is his determination rather than cleverness that has made him more and more successful.It was in the village school that I finished my primary school.It might be in the office that you left your keys.It was not everyone that can do such a thing.4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中that/who的應(yīng)用若強(qiáng)調(diào)句的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人，用that或who均可；若被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指物或其他情況，則一律用that.如：It was Tony who/that happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore.It was in the bookstore that Tony happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore5. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句不能強(qiáng)調(diào)定語和謂語動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)， 要在所強(qiáng)調(diào)的謂語動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞do, does或did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的確設(shè)法讓他上技術(shù)學(xué)校。 1）強(qiáng)調(diào)主語It is my parents that always encourage me to try new things.注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，應(yīng)注意原句的謂語動(dòng)詞仍與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分的主語無論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中的be 動(dòng)詞只能用is或was.例如：It is I who am going to the cinema with some friends.It is Lucy and Mary that will come to see me this Sunday.2）強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語It was an English-Chinese dictionary that I bought this morning.3）強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語It is because of illness that he failed to attend the meeting.It is only when something gets lost that you can realize how important it is to you.注意：當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是原因狀語從句時(shí)，從句只能用because 引導(dǎo)，而不能用since 或as引導(dǎo)。如：It was because she was busy that she refused to help you.中考題演練1. 【2019 廣東省中考】_ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.A. WhatB. What aC. What anD. How【答案】D【解析】句意：無人駕駛汽車多智能?。∥艺娴南胭I一輛。根據(jù)感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)What +（a/an） + 形容詞+名詞（+主語+謂語+其他）+! How +形容詞/副詞（+主語+謂語+其他）+！smart智能的（形容詞），the driverless car 主語，is系動(dòng)詞；故選D。2. 【2019 黑龍江省哈爾濱中考】Lucy,lookatthestarsinthesky._!A.WhatbrightitisB.HowbrighttheyareC.Whatbrighttheyare【答案】B【解析】考查感嘆句句型?！癏ow+形容詞+主語+謂語！”。3. 【2019 湖南省長沙中考】_ fun it is to have a field trip on the Orange Island!A. WhatB. What aC. How【答案】A【解析】句意：在橘子島上進(jìn)行野外旅行是多么有趣??！fun用作形容詞時(shí)，只能放在名詞的前面作定語。此句中fun是不可數(shù)名詞，感嘆句應(yīng)該由what來引導(dǎo)，What a后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，排除B；How+形容詞或副詞，排除C。故答案為A。4. 【2019 江蘇省宿遷中考】_ wonderful the music is! Whats its name?Victory.A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：多么美妙的音樂啊!它的名字是什么?Victory?？疾楦袊@句。how和what都可用于引導(dǎo)感嘆句：how修飾形容詞或副詞，what修飾名詞或名詞性短語。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容詞，需用how引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，可知選A。5. 【2019 甘肅武威中考】_ useful the information youve provided is!A. What aB. WhatC. What anD. How【答案】D【解析】本題考查感嘆句。句意：你提供的信息是多么地有用??！。形容詞useful后無名詞，the information is為主語和系動(dòng)詞，youve provided為定語，修飾the information。用how+形容詞+主語+謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。6. 【2019 吉林省中考】_ beautiful song it is!Yes. It is Taylor Swifts new song. A. HowB. WhatC. What a【答案】C【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)beautiful song it is!可知句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：What +a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞！句意：這首歌多美??！故選C。 7. 【2019 四川省廣元中考】_ fine weather it is!A. What aB. HowC. What 【答案】C【解析】句意：多好的天氣??！分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)fineweather可知句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞！句中weather天氣，不可數(shù)名詞。故選C。8. 【2019 廣西省北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)中考】Look at my new dress.Wow! _ beautiful it is!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：看我的新裙子。哇！太漂亮了！考查感嘆句。Wow! _ beautiful it is!可知，本題考查感嘆句，由題干可知本句的中心詞是beautiful，它是一個(gè)形容詞，所以應(yīng)用how來引導(dǎo)感嘆句，故答案選A。9. Its a long time ago _ I saw you last time.A. when B. since C. for D. that【答案】D【解析】考查固定句型。It is . that.正是，是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，可以強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語意外的成分；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型去掉后，不影響句意。句意就在很久以前，我最后一次見你。故選D。10. Its time _. A. to go to home B. to go home C. going to home D. going home【答案】B【解析】Its time to do表示該到做某事的時(shí)候了，go home表示回家的意思，故本題選B。11. 【2019 甘肅省天水市】_ exciting news it is! Beijing will hold 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A. What anB. WhatC. HowD. How an【答案】B【解析】句意：多么令人興奮的消息??！北京將舉辦2022年冬奧會(huì)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查感嘆句，在感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞/副詞，根據(jù)exciting news it is可知句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：What +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞！句中news消息，不可數(shù)名詞。故選B。12.【2019 山東省青島中考】_ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.A. WhatB. What aC. How aD. How【答案】A【解析】句意：我們上的課多么不尋常??！我們學(xué)到了很多剪紙的知識(shí)。感嘆句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：How形容詞/副詞主語謂語+其他! What+（a/an）(形容詞)名詞主語+謂語+其他！題干中的中心詞classess是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，符合What形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（主語+謂語+其他）！，故答案選A。13. 【2019 湖北省隨州中考】All of my classmates have passed the PE test._ exciting the news is!A. WhatB. What anC. HowD. How an【答案】C【解析】句意：我所有的同學(xué)們已經(jīng)通過了體育考試。那個(gè)消息是多么令人興奮！這里是感嘆句，用how來感嘆，排除A、B；其結(jié)構(gòu)是How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語。排除D。根據(jù)題意，故選C。14. 【2019 江蘇省淮安中考】It is said that 5G is coming. It will improve our life great!_ amazing it is!A. What anB. How aC. WhatD. How【答案】D【解析】句意：據(jù)說5G就要來了。它將極大地改善我們的生活！它是多么令人驚訝呀！這里是感嘆句，感嘆名詞用what，感嘆形容詞用how，amazing是形容詞，排除AC；其結(jié)構(gòu)是How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語。排除B，根據(jù)題意，故選D。模擬題檢測(cè)1. (2019年汕頭市潮南區(qū)模擬) useful suggestion you offer! Thank you!Youre welcome!A. What anB. What aC. How anD. How【答案】B【解析】句意：你提供了一條多么有用的建議啊! 謝謝你。不用謝。A.What an+元音音素開頭的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；B. What a+輔音音素開頭的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；C. How an錯(cuò)誤；D. How+形容詞/副詞。useful suggestion為輔音音素開頭的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故選B。2019年江蘇省連云港市贛榆實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)中考英語模擬試題2."_ youve made! But you should still work hard, "the teacher said to the boy.A. What great progressB. How a big mistakeC. What a big mistakeD. How great progress【答案】A【解析】句意：“但是你還是應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。”老師對(duì)男孩說。感嘆句具體構(gòu)成如下：（1）what + a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語?。?）what +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語！（3）how+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語！ mistake或progress是名詞可知填what，可知選A或C；A. What great progress多大的進(jìn)步??；C. What a big mistake多大的錯(cuò)誤啊。根據(jù)下文“但是你還是應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。”可知“你取得了多大的進(jìn)步??！” 故選A。3. (珠海市北大附屬實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校初中部2020屆九年級(jí)上學(xué)期10月調(diào)研)_wonderful advice !A. HowB. What aC. How aD. What【答案】D【解析】句意“多么完美的建議??！”。本句話中省略了主語和謂語的感嘆句。形容詞wonderful修飾不可數(shù)名詞advice，用“what+adj+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）”結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。3. (北京市上地實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年九年級(jí)上學(xué)期第二次統(tǒng)練)_ the mooncakes are！A. What deliciousB. How deliciousC. What a deliciousD. How a delicious【答案】B【解析】句意：多美味的月餅??！考查感嘆句。根據(jù)句中mooncakes可知，不可用不定冠詞a，C、D選項(xiàng)排除。句子主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是the mooncakes are，前面的單詞是形容詞delicious，應(yīng)用how修飾，故應(yīng)選B。4. (山東濱州部分學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年九年級(jí)上學(xué)期第一次月考)-_useful advice he gave me! _kind he is!A. What, HowB. How, WhatC. What a, HowD. What an, How【答案】A【解析】句意：他給我的是多么有用的建議?。∷嵌嗝吹纳屏及。】疾楦袊@句的用法。what修飾名詞或名詞短語，有以下兩種形式：1. What+a(an)+（形容詞）+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！或是：What+名詞詞組+主語+謂語！2. What+(形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！由How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。how用來修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：How+形容詞（副詞）+主語+謂語！第一句中advice(建議)是不可數(shù)名詞，需用引導(dǎo)詞what; 第二句kind（好的）是形容詞，需用引導(dǎo)詞how。根據(jù)句意結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。5. (安徽省桐城市第二中學(xué)2019屆九年級(jí)下學(xué)期第三次模擬考試It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where【答案】B【解析】句意：重要的是你的工作能力,而不是你是哪里的人或是什么人。這句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句It is .+that.這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是the ability to do the job。判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句的關(guān)鍵在于你去掉 it is 和that之后這句話還是完整的句子The ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are。matter 在這里是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,是重要的意思，故選B。6. (濟(jì)南匯才學(xué)校2019-2020學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中) _ delicious the food is in China! So it is. We all enjoy it.A. WhatB. HowC. How anD. What an【答案】B【解析】句意：在中國食物是多么美味啊!確實(shí)如此。我們都很喜歡。how和what都可用于引導(dǎo)感嘆句：how修飾形容詞或副詞，what修飾名詞或名詞性短語。本句delicious（美味的/好吃的）是形容詞，需用“How+形容詞+主謂”結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)句意語境，可知選B。7. (廣東梅州市2019-2020學(xué)年第一學(xué)期中段聯(lián)考)._ clean the classroom is! Who cleaned it ?A. How aB. What aC. WhatD. How【答案】D【解析】句意：這個(gè)教室多么干凈??！誰打掃的？根據(jù)句意、所給選項(xiàng)可判斷出這個(gè)是感嘆句。感嘆句兩種句型：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)clean是形容詞，可知使用How，故選D。8. It was because I like you _ I speak out frankly.A. that B. why C. because D. who【答案】A【解析】本題考查的是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)為It is/was. that.，本題強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語。句意：我坦率的講是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g你。9. It was _ who helped us out of danger.What brave and helpful children! We should learn from them.A. they B. them C. their D. theirs【答案】A【解析】考查代詞。根據(jù)題干，這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語！ 英語中為了表達(dá)的正式，這時(shí)應(yīng)用主格的代詞。本句的意思是就是他幫我們脫離的危險(xiǎn)。所以本題選B。10. (北京101中學(xué)2020屆上學(xué)期初中九年級(jí)10月月考)_ the mooncakes are!A. What delicious B. How delicious C. What a delicious D. How a delicious【答案】B【解析】句意：多么美味的月餅??！該句考查感嘆句，感嘆句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)delicious是形容詞，可知使用How，故選B。11. (四川雅安中學(xué)20192020學(xué)年上期學(xué)考) popular Tik Tok（抖音）is nowadays! So it is . More than 100 million people share short videos on it every day.A. What B. What an C. How D. How an【答案】C【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在抖音是多么受歡迎??！確實(shí)是，每天有一億多人分享這一短視頻。，感嘆句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)popular是形容詞，可知使用How，故選C。12. (湖南省麓山國際實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校20192020第一次限時(shí)練） useful weather report he has just offered!It really helps a lot. We can plan our trip now.A. What a B. How C. What【答案】A【解析】句意：他提供了多么有用的天氣預(yù)報(bào)??！確實(shí)很有幫助。我們現(xiàn)在就可以計(jì)劃我們的旅程了。感嘆句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語??；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！根據(jù)report是單數(shù)名詞，可知使用What a，故選A。