第37課 詞匯運用解題策略方法 總體來說，中考詞匯類考題主要是把單詞放在特定語境中（即句子或短文中），要求考生通過對語句的理解，結(jié)合所給單詞提示（漢語提示、首字母提示或給出單詞），寫出正確的單詞形式，從而使句子或短文的意思完整?？v觀近年來各地的中考英語試題，常見的詞匯類考題題型主要有：“根據(jù)漢語提示，填寫句中所缺單詞”；“根據(jù)首字母提示，寫出單詞的正確形式”；“用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空”；“用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空”；“用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空”等。一、解題思路點撥1. 單詞的填空和拼寫不只是簡單意義上的寫單詞，而應(yīng)注意把它放入句子中加以理解、轉(zhuǎn)化和運用，根據(jù)句子的需要填入其適當(dāng)?shù)男问健?. 記單詞要注意把單詞的音、形、義相結(jié)合，不僅僅是詞形，還要注意它的固定搭配和特殊用法，這樣就能準(zhǔn)確地記住并熟練地運用它。3. 單詞的拼寫也是有規(guī)律可循的，記單詞要有方法，不能機械地去記憶，首先要讀準(zhǔn)單詞，根據(jù)單詞的讀音規(guī)則去記。如：開閉音節(jié)、字母組合發(fā)音的規(guī)則，這是記準(zhǔn)單詞的重要方法之一。4. 英語和漢語一樣都有一詞多義的現(xiàn)象，記單詞時一定要記清詞義，記準(zhǔn)詞形，還要注意漢語意思的差別。如：How long do you spend（花） reading English every day?你每天花多少時間讀英語？二、詞匯運用題中詞的變化形式1. 名詞的變形有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、單數(shù)所有格和復(fù)數(shù)所有格。如：some watches一些手表；my mothers book我媽媽的書；Teachers Day教師節(jié)。2. 動詞的形式有原形、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過去式、過去分詞。如：Lets go home. 讓我們回家吧。He is writing now. 他正在寫字。He enjoys watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。He finished his homework and went home.他完成作業(yè)回家了。Have you heard from him? 你收到他的來信了嗎？English is spoken all over the world. 英語在全世界被人們說。3. 形容詞和副詞有三種形式，原形、比較級形式和最高級形式，還要注意形容詞和副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化。如：She was even angrier. 她甚至更生氣了。He said angrily, “Dont do it again.” 他生氣地說：“不要再這樣做了?！?. 數(shù)詞基本的形式有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，還要注意once, twice的用法。如：Tom is the second tallest boy in my class.湯姆是我班里第二高的男生。He has two brothers. 他有兩個兄弟。He has been there twice. 他曾去過那兒兩次。5. 代詞有五種形式，即主格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞。如：Im in trouble, please help me. 我有麻煩，請幫幫我。This is not my book. Mine is over there.這不是我的書。我的在那邊。I bought a skirt for myself. 我給自己買了條裙子。當(dāng)堂檢測一、用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞限用一次。A（xx諸暨市濱江中學(xué)中考模擬） success decide invite teach twelve 1. He has_ in doing business online.2. Although she asked me to go to her party, I didnt want to receive the_ .3. This is the math teacher who_ me when I was in primary school.4. Teenagers want to make their own_ .5. Lucy lives on the_ floor.B（xx紹興市名校中考模擬） four simple fair prefer unless 6. The_ of the match is very important for sports players.7. I wont go to Jennys birthday party_ Amy is invited too.8. I bought the house_ because it was large.9. I_ dancing to singing when I was young.10. He has just begun his_ year in college.二、選詞填空。（xx湖州市吳興區(qū)中考模擬）選擇方框內(nèi)的單詞完成下列句子，使句子通順、正確，每詞限用一次。A. unfriendly B. spirit_ C. stoleD. fallen E. pronunciation F. especially1. Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in_ and spelling.2. She had been very angry at the person who_ her new bike.3. Millions of wild flowers color the valleys,_ in April and May.4. Michelle has_ asleep with her head against his shoulder.5. She is a very brave girl and everyone who knows her admires her_ .6. Its very_ of him to act the way he did.三、用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使對話通順、正確，每詞限用一次。（xx余姚中考模擬） much happy each what late Nancy: Hey Bert, I think Ive made Alice mad and Im not sure what to do about it.Bert: 1_ happened?Nancy: You know Julie is Alices best friend, right?Bert: Uh-huh.Nancy: Well, the more I get to know Julie, the 2_ I realized that we have a lot in common. So weve been spending more time together 3_.Bert: But whats wrong with that?Nancy: Umm.it makes Alice 4_ because she thinks Julie is now better friends with me than with her.Bert: I see. Mmm.why dont you ask Alice to join you5_ time you do something with Julie? Then she wont feel left out.Nancy: Oh, good idea!That can make our friendship stronger.四、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給漢語提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Its already midnight, but 16-year-old Xiao Lin from Wuhan is still 1_（醒著）. Sitting in front of a computer, he has been playing online games for hours.Xiao Lin is not alone. Statistics from China Internet Network Information Center show that by the end of 2_（十二月）, xx, the number of Internet users in China below the age of 19 was about 170 million. Many of them, like Xiao Lin, 3_（花費） too much time on online games, which is bad for their health and studies.To 4_（處理） with this social problem, the Chinese government worked out a draft regulation（法規(guī)草案） in January. Under the regulation, minors（未成年人） will not be able to play online games 5_（在之間） midnight and 8 a.m. every day. Online gaming companies will limit young peoples playing time. This is also 6_（叫做） “Online game curfew”.Many people agreed that the regulation could 7 （更好） protect Chinese young people online. But others doubted 8_（是否） it would successfully stop young people from playing games during the time.“This regulation is only the first step,” Tong Xiaojun said to CCTV. “We need help from the whole 9 （社會）. And there is still a long way to go in 10_（提供） the young people a safe and healthy online environment.”參考答案當(dāng)堂檢測一、1. succeeded 2. invitation 3. taught 4. decisions 5. twelfth 6. fairness 7. unless 8. simply 9. preferred 10. fourth二、15. ECFDB 6. A三、1. What 2. more 3. lately 4. unhappy 5. each四、1. awake 2. December 3. spend 4. deal 5. between 6. called/named 7. better 8. if/whether 9. society 10. offering