Module 3 Heroes詞句精講精練【詞匯精講】1. attendattend是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“出席，參加（會(huì)議、講座、婚禮、報(bào)告等）”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)參加者在活動(dòng)中所起的作用。例如：attend a meeting 出席會(huì)議 attend school 上學(xué) attend a class 上課 He doesnt want to attend the meeting. 他不想?yún)⒓舆@次會(huì)議。【拓展】join意為“加入某個(gè)組織，并成為該組織中的一員”。例如：My father joined the army when he was twenty. 我父親二十歲時(shí)參軍。join in 意為“參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)”。例如：She joins in the game too.她也參加這個(gè)游戲。2. whatever（1）whatever引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，意義相當(dāng)于anything that，通常譯為“任何東西（一切事情）”；無論什么都”。例如：Whatever she says goes. 一切她說了算。Whatever I have is yours. 我的東西都是你的。Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對的。（2）whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，相當(dāng)于“no matter what”的用法。例如：Whatever happens, I must be calm. 不管發(fā)生什么事，我都要鎮(zhèn)靜。Whatever you say, I wont believe you. 不管你說什么，我決不相信你的話。3. amazing（1）amazing意為“令人吃驚的”，指某物或某事讓人驚訝。例如：What an amazing picture! 多么出奇的一幅畫! （2）amazing與amazed的區(qū)別：amazed作形容詞，或者被動(dòng)式be amazed at (by)意為“對大為驚奇”。例如：be amazed to see看到感到吃驚；be amazed to hear聽到感到吃驚amazed和amazing的主要區(qū)別是：人常表示amazed,因?yàn)槿耸浅泽@這一行為的主體，而東西，或者人的行為等等，往往是amazing，表示“令人吃驚的”。例如：The film is really amazing, theyre amazed at it.電影真得很讓人驚奇，他們看了感到吃驚。4. treattreat 用作動(dòng)詞，意為 “治療”時(shí)，常用于treat sb. for sth結(jié)構(gòu)；還表示 “以態(tài)度對待”, 常用于treatas/like sth結(jié)構(gòu)。treatment是treat的名詞形式，意為 “對待；待遇；治療”時(shí)，常用搭配有medical treatment藥物治療; hospital treatment住院治療例如：The dentistis treatingmy teeth. 牙醫(yī)正在治療我的牙齒。Marrytreatsmelikeone of the family. 瑪麗像家人一樣的對待我。In poor countries, many people dont have money formedical treatment.在貧窮國家很多人沒錢進(jìn)行藥物治療。5. realize( 1) realize作為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“認(rèn)識(shí)到，意識(shí)到”。例如：He didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到媽媽告訴他，他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。I didnt realize how late it was. 我沒有意識(shí)到天已經(jīng)那么晚了。When he realized what had happened, he was sorry. 當(dāng)他明白發(fā)生了什么事時(shí)，他感到很難過。（2) realize還可以表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)；完成”的意思。例如：The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那個(gè)女孩當(dāng)演員的夢想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。【拓展】realize與recognize這兩個(gè)詞都有“認(rèn)識(shí),識(shí)別”的意思，但在具體用法上又有差別。（1）recognize也可以用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“認(rèn)出, 辨認(rèn)”的意思。例如：I recognized his voice. 我辨認(rèn)出了他的聲音。I recognized her as my friends daughter. 我認(rèn)出了她是我朋友的女兒。（2）recognize還可以表示“清楚知道；認(rèn)定”的意思。例如：I recognized him to be cleverer than I am. 我認(rèn)識(shí)到他比我聰明。6. die（1）die意為“死”，表示生命的結(jié)束，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)；強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。例如：His father died five years ago. 他父親去世五年了。 Plants and people die without water. 沒有水，植物就要枯死，人就要渴死。 （2）die可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示“即將死去；奄奄一息”。例如： He is dying. 他快要死了。 （3）die的形容詞形式是dead，意為“死的”，可作表語或定語。作表語時(shí)，表示狀態(tài)。例如： His dog has been dead for two weeks. 他的狗已死了兩周了。 The ground was covered with dead flowers. 地上覆蓋著凋落的花。 （4）die的名詞形式是death，意為“死亡”。例如： His mothers death was a great blow to him. 他母親的去世對他是一個(gè)巨大的打擊。 7. invention invention是invent的名詞，意為“發(fā)明物”，inventor也是invent的名詞，意為“發(fā)明者”。例如：Human history is also a history of great inventions. 人類的歷史也是一個(gè)偉大發(fā)明的歷史。Edison is a great inventor in history. 愛迪生是歷史上偉大的發(fā)明家。【拓展】（1）invent 作動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造”。Edison invented the light bulb. 愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈。（2）invent還可以表示“虛構(gòu)”。The whole story was invented. 整個(gè)故事是虛構(gòu)的。8. operationoperate作名詞，意為“操作;運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，在醫(yī)學(xué)上表示“手術(shù)”。The operation of this machine is simple. 這個(gè)機(jī)器的操作很簡單。 The operation of a railroad needs many men. 鐵路的營運(yùn)需要很多人。 The operation saved her life. 手術(shù)挽救了她的生命。【拓展】（1）operate作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“運(yùn)作;營業(yè)；產(chǎn)生效果”。The machine is not operating properly. 機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得不正常。 His company operates in several countries. 他的公司在幾個(gè)國家有業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)。 The medicine operated quickly. 這藥很快起了作用。 （2）operate作不及物動(dòng)詞，還意為“動(dòng)手術(shù)”，后接介詞on。The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.醫(yī)生們決定為他開刀切除腫瘤。（3）operate作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“操作;開動(dòng)(機(jī)器)等”。Who operates that machine? 那臺(tái)機(jī)器由誰操作? 9.experience（1）experience用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“體驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷”等。The child had never experienced kindness. 這孩子從未受過善待。Have you ever experienced any jungle life？你曾經(jīng)體驗(yàn)過叢林生活嗎？【注意】有時(shí)experience的過去分詞experienced也用作形容詞。 Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教師也可能犯錯(cuò)誤。（2）experience用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”；而表示“經(jīng)歷，感受”時(shí)，通常是可數(shù)名詞。Experience is the best teacher. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最好的老師。He has had much experience in this kind of work. 他有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)做這項(xiàng)工作。Experiences have taught us that chances may be more important than skills.經(jīng)歷告訴我們機(jī)遇可能比技能更重要。10.be proud of（1）proud 是形容詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be proud of sth. 意為“以而驕傲”。I am very proud of being a Chinese. 作為一名中國人我很自豪。 （2）be proud to do sth 意為“為做某事而驕傲”。We are proud to be a league member. 我們?yōu)槌蔀閳F(tuán)員而驕傲?！就卣埂?（1）pride是名詞，意為“驕傲，自豪”。 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：take pride in sth. 意為“為某事驕傲”。 They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. 他們?yōu)槌蔀榭茖W(xué)家的女兒而感到自豪。 He is the pride of our city. 他是我們城市的驕傲?！驹~匯精練】I. 英漢詞組互譯。1為死 _ 2take care of _ 3獨(dú)自一人 _ 4放棄 _ 5in the end _ 6take off _ 7manage to do _ 8return to _ II. 根據(jù)首字母提示補(bǔ)全句子。1. Have you e_ real hanger? 2. The managers and clerks could a_ the course during their spare time.3. W_ you do, Ill always love you. 4. Although he got up early, he m_ the bus.5. We all know that Lin Zexu and Zheng Chenggong are national h_.6. The doctor gave the patient an o_ at once.7. The i_ of the computer is a great achievement.8. Even have the courage to d_, let alone live?9. He begins to r_ the importance of studyingEnglish.10. The s_ were ordered to remain where they were. III. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1. _ (final), the boy gave up and failed.2. We had a _ (real) wonderful time yesterday.3. The doctor joined a _ (medicine) team to work in a village.4. The doctors _ (treat) cured him.5. He has been working for twelve hours without _ (stop) to rest.6.My father gave up _(smoke) last year.7. Tom did all kinds of things to make the baby stop _(cry).8.Dr. Bethune was a great _(Canada).9. The new tool is very _(use).10.He continued _(work) at night. 【參考答案】I. 英漢詞組互譯。1. die for 2. 照顧，護(hù)理 3.on ones own 4.give up5. 最后 6.起飛，脫下 7. 設(shè)法做 8. 返回到II. 根據(jù)首字母提示補(bǔ)全句子。1. experienced 2.attend 3. Whatever 4.missed 5.heroes 6.operation 7.invention 8. die9. realize 10. soldiersIII.用括號(hào)中所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Finally 2.really 3.medical 4.treatment 5.stopping 6.smoking 7.crying 8.Canadian 9.useful 10.working【句式精講】1.She trained hard，so she became a great player later.（1） 這里是so引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，在主句中表示目的。其連接詞有：so（以便），so that（為了），in order that（為了）等，從句中多用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, will, may, should 等。例如：Lily was ill，so she didnt go to school.李麗病了，所以沒去上學(xué)。He got up very early so that he could catch the first train. 他起床很早以便于趕第一班火車。I will run slowly so that you can catch up with me. 我慢慢跑以便你能趕上我（2） 在復(fù)合句子里，because和so不能同在一個(gè)句子里。例如： Tom left his English book at school, so he didnt do his homework.湯姆把英語書落到學(xué)校了，所以沒有寫作業(yè)。Because the book was expensive, I didnt buy it. 因?yàn)槟潜緯苜F，所以我沒有購買。2. She stopped playing when she was twenty-four.(1) 動(dòng)詞stop的后面可以用動(dòng)詞不定式也可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do表示“停下來開始做”的意思。例如: 例如：Now lets stop reading. 現(xiàn)在咱們停止讀書。Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老師停下來看了看那個(gè)男孩。(2) stop還可以構(gòu)成短語stop somebody/something from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事發(fā)生”。例如:The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. 樹和草可以阻止風(fēng)把土吹走。3. Her English wasnt good enough when she began.(1) enough是形容詞，意為“充足的，充分的，足夠的”，可作表語或定語，作定語時(shí)，可放在名詞的前面或后面。例如： The food is enough for the trip. 用于這次旅行的食物足夠了。 I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足夠的時(shí)間看電視。 (2) enough還可作副詞，意為“足夠的”，這時(shí)enough需放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞后面。例如： The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那個(gè)年輕人足夠強(qiáng)壯能搬動(dòng)重包。【拓展】 (1) enoughto do sth. “有足夠的做某事”。例如： I dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我沒有足夠的時(shí)間吃午飯。 (2) enough to do可以同tooto或sothat結(jié)構(gòu)互相轉(zhuǎn)換。例如： He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上學(xué)。4. Norman Bethune is one of the most famous heroes in China.one of +the +形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/代詞，意為“最之一”，當(dāng)其作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class. 他弟弟是這個(gè)班最高的男生之一。The song is one of the most popular songs. 這首歌是最流行的歌之一。One of us has nothing for breakfast. 我們中有一個(gè)人沒吃早飯。6.In the end，he died of his wound.in the end意為“最后，終于”，相當(dāng)于at last，finally，其后不能接of短語。例如： Our team beat theirs in the end.最后，我們隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)勝了他們隊(duì)?！就卣埂?(1) by the end of意為“到末為止”，其后只能接時(shí)間，可用于將來時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)。例如： Were going to finish it by the end of this week. 到本周末，我們將完成這項(xiàng)工作。He had finished the work by the end of last month上個(gè)月底前他就已經(jīng)完成了那項(xiàng)工作。(2) at the end of意為“在末端，在盡頭”，可以表示時(shí)間，也可以表示地點(diǎn)。例如：The hospital is at the end of the road醫(yī)院就在路的盡頭。He will come to see you at the end of this month這個(gè)月底他要來看你?！揪涫骄殹縄. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，按要求完成下列句子。1. They worked so hard that they could plant more trees. (改寫同義句) They worked hard _ _ _ plant more trees. 2. He had to turn down the radio because it was too noisy. (改寫同義句) It was too noisy， _ _ _ _ _ _the radio. 3. The doctors operated quickly so that they could save more peoples lives. (改寫同義句) The doctors operated _ _ _they _ _more peoples lives. 4. He became a pilot because he wanted to travel around the world. (改寫同義句)He became a pilot _ _ _ _ _ _the world. 5. She is too short to reach the apple on the table. (改寫同義句)She is _short _she cant reach the apple on the table. 6. Jim didnt take enough exercise，so he was always ill. (改寫同義句) Jim was always ill _he didnt take enough exercise. 7. The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope. (改為簡單句) The poor child was _ _to receive many books from Project Hope. 8. My brother is strong. He can lift the heavy basket. (改為復(fù)合句) My brother is _strong _he can lift the heavy basket. 9. He didnt attend the meetingbecause he was ill at home. (對劃線部分提問)_ _ he attend the meeting? 10. Li Hua failed in the exam because he was too careless. (改為簡單句)Li Hua failed in the exam _ _ his carelessness.II. 根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。1.由于沒有停下來去醫(yī)治自己的手，他不幸去世。He died because _ _ _ _to take care of his hand.2. 她停止哭泣，聽起音樂來。She _ _and listened to the music.3. 沒有你的幫助，我不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。I cant finish the work_ _ _.4. 長江是世界上最長的河之一。Changjiang River is_ _ _ _ _ in the world.5. 對于你來說在大街上踢足球是危險(xiǎn)的。_ _ _ _to play football in the street.6. 學(xué)生應(yīng)該獨(dú)自完成家庭作業(yè)。The students should do their homework _ _ _. 7. 我為自己能在別人有困難時(shí)幫助他人而自豪。Im _ _ _others when they are trouble.8. 事實(shí)上，我已經(jīng)放棄了這個(gè)想法。In fact，Ive _ _ this idea.III. 補(bǔ)全對話。根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥訉υ捬a(bǔ)充完整。（選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余的）A.Dont worry.B.I am going to look at the board.C.I entered a photo competition.D.Is there anything new?E.Would you like to take part in it?F.What do you want to do?G.What is the topic?A: Hi, Betty. What are you going to do?B: Hi, Lingling! 1 A: Oh, I have just come from there?B: 2 A: Yes. There will be an English speaking competition next Friday.B: 3 A: Life in the Future.B: Thats a good topic. 4 A: Yes, Id like to. I think I can practise my spoken English. What about you?B: Oh, you know, I am shy. I am afraid I cant speak in public.A: 5 If you keep on practising, you will be successful.B: I will think about it. Thank you very much.【參考答案】I. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，按要求完成下列句子。1. in order to 2. so he had to turn down 3. so quickly that, could save 4. so that he could travel around 5. so, that 6. because 7. lucky enough 8. so, that 9. Why didnt 10. because ofII. 根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。1. because he didnt stop 2. stopped crying3. without your help 4. one of the longest rivers5. Its dangerous for you 6. on their own7. proud of helping 8. given upIII. 補(bǔ)全對話。 1-5 BDGEA