專題十七 完形填空第2講No One Words But My Own 教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 掌握本篇完形填空中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長難句。2. 掌握完形填空的解題技巧，并能夠指出本篇完形填空中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。3. 通過完形填空高頻詞、長難句等語料的積累，及完形填空解題技巧的練習(xí)，靈活應(yīng)對各種完形填空題。名師點(diǎn)撥知識篇“巧婦難為無米之炊”，在英語學(xué)習(xí)的過程中，語料的積累至關(guān)重要。對于完形填空高頻詞和長難句的梳理，能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。親愛的同學(xué)，老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長難句，快來看看你掌握了嗎？一、高頻詞【課前檢測學(xué)生的詞匯量儲備, 以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行。具體使用中可以刪去詞義詞性部分，給小例句提示。并標(biāo)記出學(xué)生的實(shí)際掌握情況（優(yōu)良差）】單詞詞性及詞義示例備注掌握情況interviewv./n. 1) 面試2)采訪a job interviewinterviewing my friends相關(guān)詞：interviewer; interviewee等coverv. 1) 覆蓋2)設(shè)計(jì)3)報道Snow covered the ground.covering middle school eventseventn.1)事件 2)比賽項(xiàng)目talentn. 天賦；天才a talented poet相關(guān)詞：talentedgiftn. 1)禮物2)天賦He had a gift for language.相關(guān)詞：giftedrewritev. 重寫前綴re- 表示“再；又”e.g. rebuild; recycle; reconnect等piecen.1)一塊;一首2)(新聞的)文章a piece of musica piece about the Internetpapern. 1)紙2)報紙3)試卷I read about it in the paper.the geography paperexpectv. 1)預(yù)料 2)期望I expect you to write相關(guān)詞：expectationpainfuladj.痛苦的;艱難的a painful experience后綴-ful表示“充滿的” “有傾向的”e.g. thankful; helpful; hopeful; forgetful等successfuladj. 成功的相關(guān)詞：success; succeed; successfullyexpressv. 表達(dá)adj. 快遞的EMS= Express Mail Service相關(guān)詞：expressionexperiencen. 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)v. 經(jīng)歷；體驗(yàn)I didnt have my fathers ability and experience as a writer.improvev.提高；改善I need to improve my English.相關(guān)詞：improvementallowv. 允許because I allowed him to do it.realizev. 意識到；實(shí)現(xiàn)sharev. 1)共有 2)分享n. 份額;一份Eli shared his chocolate with the other kids.confidentadj.自信的相關(guān)詞：confidencedisappointmentn. 失望；遺憾相關(guān)詞：disappoint; disappointed等reachv. 1)抵達(dá) 2)達(dá)到3)伸手 4)夠得著n. 影響范圍reach a conclusionI cant reach that far.beyond the reach ofraisev. 1) 舉起2)提高3)籌集 4)提出5)撫養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)；種植raise your hand; raise the priceraise money; raise many questions相關(guān)詞：risebrightAdj. 1) 明亮的 2) 艷麗的(顏色) 3)聰明的 4)有希望的;光明的The brightest pupil in the class has a bright future.be full of充滿相關(guān)詞：be filled withturn in上交相關(guān)詞：hand ininstead of代替；而不是I turned in his version instead of mine.as a result結(jié)果是as a result, he rewrote the whole piece相關(guān)詞：as a result oftake ones place取代某人another student took my place相關(guān)詞：take the place of sb.; take placedepend on依靠；取決于It taught me to depend on myself二、長難句【課前檢測學(xué)生的句型儲備, 以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行?？梢愿鶕?jù)提示分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)完成句子翻譯。】1. It was so much better than my piece that I turned in his version instead of mine.結(jié)構(gòu)分析：_本句含有“sothat”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“如此以至于”句子翻譯：_這篇文章比我的文章好很多因此我上交了他的版本而不是我自己的。仿句練習(xí)：他太聰明了以致他可以理解我講了什么。_ He was so clever that he can understand what I said.2. Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer, I expect you to write a personal opinion article every week for the second page of the paper.結(jié)構(gòu)分析：_本句含有“based” 過去分詞做狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)，和“you wrote about summer”省略引導(dǎo)詞that的定語從句。句子翻譯：_根據(jù)你寫的關(guān)于夏天的優(yōu)秀文章，我希望你每星期為校報的第二版寫一篇個人觀點(diǎn)文章。仿句練習(xí)：根據(jù)他們的調(diào)查研究，專家建議農(nóng)民種植多種農(nóng)作物。_Basedontheir research, the experts suggest that farmers plant a variety of crops.3. Looking back, I realized that the pain and shame of that school experience had a _40_ side.結(jié)構(gòu)分析：_本句含有“Looking back”現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)，和that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。句子翻譯：_回首過去，我意識到學(xué)校經(jīng)歷的痛苦和恥辱有的一面。仿句練習(xí)：回顧過去，他心中充滿了幸福和驕傲。_Lookingback,heishappyandproud.回頭一想，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這一切竟是如此簡單。_Lookingback,Ifindhoweasilyitwas.4. So every day, I try to use my own words, find my own style and be my own best self.結(jié)構(gòu)分析：_本句是含有三個并列謂語(try; find; be)的簡單句。句子翻譯：_因此每一天，我試著用我自己的話，找到自己的風(fēng)格，做最好的自己。方法篇“方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z料的積累，沒有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對于完形填空解題方法的梳理，能夠幫助我們更好地理解完形填空的命題邏輯，在有足夠語料積累的基礎(chǔ)上，能夠幫助我們爭取高分。親愛的同學(xué)，老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了完形填空的解題技巧，快來看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解題步驟第一步通讀全文，把握脈絡(luò)跳過空格，速讀全文，把握大意。注意文中的語篇關(guān)鍵詞，和句中的連詞，如but出現(xiàn)后就說明句子強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)是but后面的內(nèi)容；再如代詞it指代的定是前文的單數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞。找到關(guān)鍵詞可以幫助我們掌握文章的大概意思及其想要傳達(dá)的寓意。第二步瞻前顧后，上下求索聯(lián)系上下文，運(yùn)用解題策略從句子、段落、語篇層面解題，抓住文章中的上下文線索詞。【具體的解題策略會在下一部分詳細(xì)描述】第三步再讀文章，核查答案代入答案，再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查，爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。二、完形填空解題策略方法方法一：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法解釋“詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)”是指某一詞匯以原詞、詞形變化(如protect和protection)、同義詞/近義詞(如road和trail)、反義詞(如wrong和 correct)、上下義詞(上下義是指詞的總結(jié)和分解關(guān)系，上義詞是總稱詞，下義詞是被包含的個體或種類。如adult是my father的上義詞；coat是clothes的下義詞)等重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。例題例1：He is very kind and friendly to others. Because of his _, he is quite popular with the people around him. A. ability B. honesty C. relationship D. kindness【分析：通過上文“He is very kind and friendly to others”，由“kind”可知因?yàn)樗摹吧屏加押谩彼苁軞g迎。故選D?！坷?：The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more and more _. A. forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. hard-working【分析：通過上文“The old man tends to forget things from time to time”，由“forget”可知他越來越“健忘”。故選A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“難忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解釋“上下文推理法”是指根據(jù)對上下文的語義和整個語篇的理解，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)耐评砼袛?，因此需重點(diǎn)注意挖空處的上下文語境，判斷清楚所要表達(dá)的含義。例題例：When we talked, I discovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)）some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _17_ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.17. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【分析：通過上文“each class lasts fifty minutes in the US”和下文“We usually have forty minutes in each class.”可知美國每節(jié)課是50分鐘，中國每節(jié)課是40分鐘，根據(jù)上下文可以推斷出美國的課時比中國的長，故選B?！糠椒ǚ椒ㄈ哼壿嬐评矸ń忉尅斑壿嬐评矸ā笔歉鶕?jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系（如因果、并列、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、時間順序、目的、條件、選擇等）進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)耐评砼袛啵虼诵杼貏e注意挖空處表示邏輯關(guān)系的連詞（如and表并列，but和however表轉(zhuǎn)折，so表因果，first of all、then和finally表順序等）。例題例1：My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera very much, but he cant sing 6 .6. A. badlyB. easilyC. wellD. excitedly【分析：通過上文“My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera”和連詞“but”，可以推斷出前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此處想要表達(dá)的含義是“喜歡但唱得不好”，故選C?！糠椒ǚ椒ㄋ模何幕尘俺ＷR法解釋“文化背景常識法”是指完形填空的文章內(nèi)容往往與我們的文化生活、史地知識、生活科技等相關(guān)，有些內(nèi)容是我們已經(jīng)掌握的生活常識，答題時要充分調(diào)動相關(guān)知識幫助我們分析、推斷。事實(shí)上，該技巧與“邏輯推斷”常常交織在一起的，因?yàn)殡m有背景常識，仍需簡單推理。需注意中外文化的差異性，不能總是用中國人看問題的角度來看待其它國家發(fā)生的事情。例題例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land. Only some kinds of whales (鯨魚) are bigger than elephants, but they live in the 2 . 1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger2. A. river B. lake C. sea D. forest【分析：第1題，眾所周知：大象是陸地上最大的動物，故選A. biggest。第2題，眾所周知：鯨魚生活在大海里，故選C. sea。】方法方法五：固定搭配法解釋完形填空以語境考查為主，但也有小部分題目考查語法知識、固定搭配和固定句型，解題過程中我們需要結(jié)合所學(xué)固定搭配選出正確答案。例題例1：When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention 13 what he or she is speaking 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to【分析：考查固定短語“pay attention to注意”，故選D?！坷?：but we were relaxed when we were lying on the beach. We 10 some photos there. 10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. took【分析：考查固定短語“take photos拍照”，故選D?！空Z篇精講障礙閱讀【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原則，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在障礙閱讀的前提下領(lǐng)悟文章的主要意思，防止學(xué)生理解跑偏】（東城一模）No One Words But My OwnThe classroom was full of those of us who wanted to work on the school newspaper. I didnt write a lot but working on the paper sounded like fun. I _31_the idea of being a reporter, interviewing my friends, and covering middle school events.To be chosen, we had to turn in an example of our _32_. I wrote an article about the joys of summer, and showed it to my father, a talented poet. He read it and frowned (皺眉).“Its okay.” my father said, taking out a pencil “But how about changing this sentence to .” And as a result, he rewrote the whole piecewithout me, for I never said anything to _33_ him.No surprisehis version(版本)was _34_ . He had a gift for language. It was so much better than my piece that I turned in his version instead of mine.“Welcome to the Dundee School News,” my teacher said to me. But before I could be _35_ about the news, he added, “ Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer, I expect you to write a personal opinion article every week for the second page of the paper."I was so surprised! I was unable to write at that level, but I couldnt tell the_36_ to the teacher, and I couldnt ask my father for help, either.That term working on the paper was really painful. And my teacher clearly expressed his _37_.“Cant you write something more like the first piece you wrote?” he said, each time I turned in my article.I couldnt, because at that age, I didnt have my fathers ability and experience as a writer. Week after week, I tried hard, but my writing never _38_ the level of the first article.At last, to my total shame, another student took my place. I _39_ that my father rewrote my first article himself, instead of simply trying to help me to improve it. But in my heart I knew it was my fault (錯誤)because I allowed him to do it.Later, I did become a successful writer on my own. Looking back, I realized that the pain and shame of that school experience had a _40_ side. It taught me to depend on myself and be myself. So every day, I try to use my own words, find my own style and be my own best self. It feels great.文章大意為 _（只給出關(guān)鍵詞即可）參考答案：When he was at school, the writer wanted to work on the school newspaper. He needed to turn in an article but he turned the version written by his father. Though he got the chance, his real writing level made the teacher disappointed. At last another student took his place. The writer realized that he needed to depend on himself to be successful.參考關(guān)鍵詞：writing; my father; rewrite; on my own【注：程度比較好的學(xué)生可以進(jìn)行無選項(xiàng)填空訓(xùn)練】語篇練習(xí)話題體裁詞數(shù)建議用時實(shí)際用時正確率難度人物故事類記敘文41812-15分鐘_/10（東城一模）No One Words But My OwnThe classroom was full of those of us who wanted to work on the school newspaper. I didnt write a lot but working on the paper sounded like fun. I _31_the idea of being a reporter, interviewing my friends, and covering middle school events.To be chosen, we had to turn in an example of our _32_. I wrote an article about the joys of summer, and showed it to my father, a talented poet. He read it and frowned (皺眉).“Its okay.” my father said, taking out a pencil “But how about changing this sentence to .” And as a result, he rewrote the whole piecewithout me, for I never said anything to _33_ him.No surprisehis version(版本)was _34_ . He had a gift for language. It was so much better than my piece that I turned in his version instead of mine.“Welcome to the Dundee School News,” my teacher said to me. But before I could be _35_ about the news, he added, “ Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer, I expect you to write a personal opinion article every week for the second page of the paper."I was so surprised! I was unable to write at that level, but I couldnt tell the_36_ to the teacher, and I couldnt ask my father for help, either.That term working on the paper was really painful. And my teacher clearly expressed his _37_.“Cant you write something more like the first piece you wrote?” he said, each time I turned in my article.I couldnt, because at that age, I didnt have my fathers ability and experience as a writer. Week after week, I tried hard, but my writing never _38_ the level of the first article.At last, to my total shame, another student took my place. I _39_ that my father rewrote my first article himself, instead of simply trying to help me to improve it. But in my heart I knew it was my fault (錯誤)because I allowed him to do it.Later, I did become a successful writer on my own. Looking back, I realized that the pain and shame of that school experience had a _40_ side. It taught me to depend on myself and be myself. So every day, I try to use my own words, find my own style and be my own best self. It feels great.31. A. gave B. shared C. liked D. welcomed32.A. report B. writing C. homework D. newspaper33.A. help B. stop C. allow D. praise34.A. different B. common C. popular D. wonderful35.A. excited B. worried C. nervous D. confident36.A. truth B. excuse C feeling D. answer37.A. honesty B. patience C. hope D. disappointment38.A. set B. reached C raised D. changed39.A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. complained 40.A. magic B. serious C. bright D. strange 語篇精講：參考答案：31-35 CBBDA 36-40 ADBDC文章大意：本篇文章講述了作者在校時想進(jìn)入學(xué)校新聞部當(dāng)記者，作者交上去的卻是他爸爸寫的文章，雖然他通過了選拔，卻在工作中暴露出真實(shí)水平，最后他被別人替代的故事。通過這件事作者明白：想要成功必須靠自己。答案解析：31. 通過上文“working on the paper sounded like fun”可推斷出作者喜歡成為一名記者，故選C。32. 通過下文“I wrote an article about the joys of summer”可知要上交一篇自己的寫作材料，故選B。33. 通過下文“I turned in his version instead of mine”可知作者交的是爸爸幫他寫的文章，因此可以推斷出他并沒有阻止爸爸，故選B。34. 通過下文“He had a gift for language.”可知爸爸的寫作水平高，可以推斷出爸爸的版本是非常精彩的，故選D。35. 通過下文“he added, “ Based on that excellent article you wrote about summer,”和“I was unable to write at that level”可知此處表示他還來不及激動，故選A。36. 通過上文“I was unable to write at that level, but I couldnt tell the”可知他不能寫得那么好但是他又不能告訴老師真相，故選A。37. 通過下文“Cant you write something more like the first piece you wrote?”可推斷出老師表達(dá)的是他的失望之情，故選D。38. 結(jié)合全文語境可知，第一篇文章是爸爸寫的，當(dāng)時的作者無論如何努力都達(dá)不到爸爸的寫作水平，故選B.。39. 通過上文“another student took my place”作者被人替代和下文“my father rewrote my first article himself, instead of simply trying to help me to improve it”，可推斷出當(dāng)時的作者對讓爸爸幫他寫文章是存在抱怨的，故選D。40. 通過下文“It taught me to depend on myself and be myself.”可推斷那次經(jīng)驗(yàn)也有好的一面，即光明的一面，故選C. bright。精講筆記【學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下，回顧本講中積累的完形填空的知識和方法】語篇中積累的詞匯【至少掌握10個】單詞詞性及詞義單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）realize語篇中的學(xué)到的方法【根據(jù)具體教學(xué)情況歸納總結(jié)】【至少掌握2個】方法一：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法如：本篇文章中的32. (writing) 方法二：上下文推理法方法三：邏輯推理法方法四：文化背景常識法方法五：固定搭配法能力提升基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)一、詞匯/短語翻譯單詞詞性、詞義備注1_v. 1)共有 2)分享2_n./v.報道；報告3_v.允許4_v.夸贊5_n. 常見的；共有的；普通的翻譯：common people6_adj.自信的7truth_8honesty_9patience_10disappointment_11set_12reachv. 1)抵達(dá) 2)_ 3)伸手 4)_n. _翻譯：reach Beijingreach a conclusionI cant reach that far.beyond the reach of13raise翻譯：raise your hand; raise the priceraise money; raise many questions14_v.意識到；實(shí)現(xiàn)15complain_16brightadj. 1) 明亮的 2) 艷麗的(顏色) 3)_ 4)_翻譯：The brightest pupil in the class has a bright future.17_v./n. 1) 面試2)采訪18coverv. 1) 覆蓋2)設(shè)計(jì)3)_n._翻譯：covering middle school eventsthe cover of the book19_n. 天賦；天才20giftn. 1)禮物 2) _21rewrite_前綴re- 表示“_”e.g. rebuild: _22piecen.1)一塊;一首2) _翻譯：a piece about the Internet23papern. 1)紙 2) _3)試卷24_v. 1)預(yù)料 2)期望25painful_后綴-ful表示“_” e.g. hopeful_ ;forgetful_;等26_adj. 成功的27_v. 表達(dá)adj. 快遞的28_n./v. 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)29_v.提高；改善30depend on_翻譯：It taught me to depend on myself二、句子翻譯1. 這篇文章比我的文章好很多因此我上交了他的版本而不是我自己的。_2. 根據(jù)你寫的關(guān)于夏天的優(yōu)秀文章，我希望你每星期為校報的第二版寫一篇個人觀點(diǎn)文章。_3. 最后令我很羞愧的是另外一名同學(xué)替代了我的位置。_4. 回首過去，我意識到學(xué)校經(jīng)歷的痛苦和恥辱有光明的一面。_5. 因此每一天，我試著用我自己的話，找到自己的風(fēng)格，做最好的自己。_完形練習(xí)（東城一模）An Imperfect PaintingMy parents always wanted me to be “on top”, so from early on I had the 31 to be the best in everything, from getting the highest score on a spelling test to running fastest in a race. In middle school, I realized how many other smarter and faster people there were. It became 32 that I was not the best any more, but my parents still held on to their hope and forced me to try hard. To their disappointment, I became less confident and didnt want to work hard because, to me, there was no point in making any more 33 if I was unable to be number one. My grades began to fall; I never practiced the piano; I 34 painting. It was all because my motivation(動力) to do anything had dropped much. When high school started, I was at a new school in a new city. I 35 to get back my motivation and start over. So I picked up my ever favorite hobby again and enrolled(報名) myself in the art course. 36 , our art teacher, Mr. Grady, gave us more freedom with our art projects. He would always encourage us to realize our potential(潛力). My first painting was simply a bee sitting on a sunflower. I made every effort, but still found it hard to feel satisfied with it. I knew it was not 37 and could hardly get a good grade. But I showed it to Mr. Grady. He didnt 38 it in a rush. Instead, he gave me advice which only motivated me to work harder on it. For the first time I was happy with the 39 of my painting rather than disappointed about its imperfection. I finished all the other projects with higher grades, but I hung the first painting in my room at the end of the term. My parents thought 40 me to be number one would motivate me. Instead, it discouraged me much when I was not number one, for I had gone to school only to get a grade, not knowledge, let alone progress. Actually, it is okay not to be the best at everything as long as you continue to try your best. 31. A. ability B. chanceC. goalD. way32. A. strange B. obviousC. acceptableD. impossible33. A. efforts B. choicesC. promisesD. wishes34. A. regretted B. consideredC. continuedD. stopped35. A. failed B. refusedC. decidedD. waited36. A. Naturally B. SimilarlyC. NormallyD. Luckily 37. A. famous B. modernC. perfectD. special38. A. name B. gradeC. hangD. finish39. A. progress B. meaning C. styleD. title40. A. instructing B. helpingC. encouragingD. pushing參考答案基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)一、詞匯/短語翻譯單詞詞義、詞性備注1sharev. 1)共有 2)分享2reportn./v.報道；報告3allowv.允許4praisev.夸贊5commonn. 常見的；共有的；普通的翻譯：common people普通人6confidentadj.自信的7truthn. 真相8honestyn. 誠實(shí)9patiencen. 耐心10disappointmentn. 失望；遺憾11setv.放置；擺放餐具12reachv. 1)抵達(dá)2)達(dá)到3)伸手4)夠得著n. 影響范圍翻譯：reach Beijing 抵達(dá)北京reach a conclusion 得出結(jié)論I cant reach that far. 我夠不到那么遠(yuǎn)。beyond the reach of 在影響范圍之外13raise翻譯：raise your hand; 舉起手raise the price 提高物價raise money; 籌錢raise many questions 提出很多問題14realizev.意識到；實(shí)現(xiàn)15complainv. 抱怨16brightadj. 1) 明亮的 2) 艷麗的(顏色) 3)聰明的 4)光明的翻譯：The brightest pupil