Unit 2 Working the land Section 2 Learning about Language .用所給詞的適當形式填空1We regret _to inform_ (inform) you that you will have to give up this chance.2They all regretted _refusing_ (refuse) their offer.3I suggest _finishing_ (finish) it in time.4It is no good _making_ (make) an excuse for this.5_Shaking_ (shake) heads means “No” in some countries.6His _being_ (be)careless made him fail the exam.7I object to _being laughed_ (laugh) at.8The bird narrowly escaped _being shot_ (shoot)by the hunter.9These flowers need _watering/to be watered_ (water).10Because of his bad health，the doctor advised him to give up _smoking_ (smoking).單項語法填空1The soldiers working in earthquakehit area have tried their best to save every possible life，risking _losing_ (lose)their own.解析：考查動名詞作賓語。句意：在地震襲擊地區(qū)工作的戰(zhàn)士們冒著失去他們自己生命的危險盡力地去拯救每一個可能的生命。risk后接動名詞作賓語，意為“冒險做某事”，又由句意知這里是主動關(guān)系。2To improve our oral English，we should practice _speaking_ (speak)it every day.解析：句意：為了改善口語，我們應(yīng)該每天練習(xí)說英語。practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事。3It is no good _arguing_ (argue) with the stubborn man because he will never change his mind.解析：句意：和那個固執(zhí)的人爭辯是沒好處的，因為他決不會改變他的主意的。Its no good后接動名詞作真正的主語，意為“做某事是沒好處的”。4When the little boy heard that his father couldnt help _to get_ (get)the ticket to the football match，he couldnt help _crying_ (cry).解析：句意：當這小男孩聽見他的爸爸不能幫忙買到足球賽的票時，他禁不住哭了。cant help doing sth.表示“禁不住干某事”；cant help(to)do sth.表示“不能幫助干某事”。5The presidents _taking_ (take)office let American people see the hope of their economic recovery.解析：句意：總統(tǒng)就職讓美國人看到了他們經(jīng)濟恢復(fù)的希望。動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為“名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞v.ing”。6Even though the modern way of life is popular now，there are still some people used to _living_ (live)a life in an old fashion.解析：句意：盡管現(xiàn)代生活模式現(xiàn)在已很盛行，但是仍有一些人習(xí)慣過著舊式的生活。be used to doing sth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”，其中的to是介詞，故后接動名詞。7Why did Mary weep？She couldnt bear _being made_ (make) fun of like that before the whole class.解析：bear后跟動名詞作賓語。又因為主語和動名詞之間為被動關(guān)系。故應(yīng)用動名詞的被動形式。8He didnt drive to work today，for his car needs _repairing/to be repaired_ (repair).解析：need作“需要”講時，后跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義，相當于不定式的被動形式。類似用法的詞還有：want，require等。9We dont allow _smoking_ (smoke)here，but we can allow you _to smoke_ (smoke)in the next room.解析：考查動名詞。句意：我們不允許在這兒吸煙，但是允許你在隔壁房間吸。allow后有sb.接to do不定式，意為“允許某人做某事”；沒有sb.則接動名詞，意為“允許做某事”。10_Knowing_ (know)basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：知道基本的急救技術(shù)將會幫助你對緊急情況快速作出反應(yīng)。由謂語“will help”可知，此句缺少主語形式，且句中的“you”與動詞“know”為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。故用動名詞的一般形式作主語。11Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _being reduced_ (reduce)to ruins，the city took on a new look.解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：在遭受大規(guī)模的地震和損失之后不久，那個城市就呈現(xiàn)出了嶄新的面貌。and為并列連詞，連接after后的兩個賓語suffering from.和being reduced to.。be reduced to (doing) sth.使淪為，固定結(jié)構(gòu)。12China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _being attacked_ (attack) in the South China Sea.解析：句意：中國最近加緊了對黃巖島附近海域的控制以保護中國的漁船在南海海域不被襲擊。prevent.from doing保護免受，根據(jù)句意可知“保護漁船不被襲擊”，故from后為being done。13One learns a language by making mistakes and _correcting_ (correct)them.解析：句意：人們在犯錯誤并改正它們的過程中學(xué)習(xí)一門語言。correcting them和making mistakes是并列的動名詞短語，作介詞by的賓語。14Its no use _complaining_ (complain)without taking action.解析：句意：光抱怨而不采取任何行動是沒用的。此句應(yīng)為考查句型“It is no use doing sth.”，此結(jié)構(gòu)中需用動詞ing形式作真正的主語，it為形式主語。15I had great difficulty _(in)finding_ (find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.解析：句意：在那家餐廳，我花了很大力氣才從菜譜上找到合適的食物。have difficulty(in)doing sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為做某事有困難。.完成句子1Everyone _is satisfied with_ his performance.大家對他的表演很滿意。2Id rather _have left a note_ on her desk.我要是留張便條在她書桌上就好了。3She _equipped her son with_ good education.她使她的兒子受到了良好的教育。4This tree is _three times as tall as_ that one.這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。5I _make it my duty_ to protect the environment.我把保護環(huán)境當成自己的責(zé)任。6Therefore，he was determined to _rid people of_ hunger.因此，他決定使人們擺脫饑餓。7He won the Nobel Prize for his contributions in _struggling against hunger_.因與饑餓做斗爭所做出的貢獻，他獲得了諾貝爾獎。8Is everybody feeling cold？_If not_，lets open the window.大家感到冷嗎？如果不，讓我們把窗戶打開吧。9_Thanks to your timely help_，I managed to finish the work on time.多虧了你及時的幫助，我按時完成了工作。10He did not _expand greatly on_ his statement.他未就他的聲明多加解釋。.完形填空(2018河北深州中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期末)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Jason，our son，was born with cerebral palsy(腦癱).My wife and I often comforted him as he faced many 1._B_ in his early years.It was 2._D_ to see him regularly chosen last for baseball，but his most 3._D_ time came when he began high school.One afternoon，Jason returned home in 4._B_ and shouted： “Im never going to school again！” He was 5._A_ with food that other kids had 6._C_ him on the school bus on the way home.Jason later told us what had 7._C_.A few days earlier，Jason had 8._B_ up for the school running team.That day，a few older students made 9._D_ of his performance on the track.I called the headmaster about the 10._D_，and it never happened again.One day，as the other kids exercised in the gym，they 11._C_ one lonely runnerJason jogging around the snowcovered track.A few weeks later，Jason said to me，“Dad，I was ready for the 12._B_.He added that each month，each student 13._D_ an ”athlete of the month“ and voted for the 14._A_.Jasons name had never been 15._B_.But that day，one student said：“Sir，I would like to propose Jason for athlete of the month.”The coach looked 16._A_.“He works harder than any of us，Sir，” the student continued.Tears 17._D_ in Jasons eyes as everyone in the class put their hands up.We，also in tears，looked on as he 18._B_ displayed his certificate.Whenever I despair，I think of this story.I 19._C_ myself that challenges are not overcome by 20._A_，but by patience，determination，and faith.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的兒子Jason雖然腦癱，但是他卻靠耐心、決心和信念，以及自己比別人更多的努力，在學(xué)校的運動隊里贏得了尊重和認可的故事。1AchoicesBchallengesCchangesDchances解析：考查名詞。因為兒子腦癱，所以我和妻子常常安慰他，因為他早年面臨許多挑戰(zhàn)。Achoices選擇；Bchallenges挑戰(zhàn)；Cchanges改變；Dchances機會。故選B。2AhopefulBconsiderateCconvenientDheartbreaking解析：考查形容詞。句意：看到他經(jīng)常在棒球課是最后一名，真是令人心碎的。Ahopeful有希望的；Bconsiderate體貼的；Cconvenient方便的；Dheartbreaking心碎的。故選D。3AspecialBcomfortableCseparateDdifficult解析：考查形容詞。句意：但對他來說最困難的時刻是在他開始上高中的時候。Aspecial專門的；Bcomfortable舒適的；Cseparate單獨的；Ddifficult困難的。故選D。4AruinsBtearsCshockDsurprise解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)下文可知，他受到其他同學(xué)的欺負，所以他哭著回家，說再也不上學(xué)了。Aruins廢墟；Btears眼淚；Cshock震驚；Dsurprise吃驚。故選B。5AcoveredBfollowedCattachedDfilled解析：考查動詞。句意：他身上沾滿了在校車上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。Acovered覆蓋；Bfollowed跟隨；Cattached附上；Dfilled裝滿。故選A。6Arolled downBpushed againstCthrown atDdropped out解析：考查動詞短語。句意：他身上沾滿了在校車上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。Arolled down滾落；Bpushed against推撞；Cthrown at扔向；Ddropped out退出。故選C。7ArecordedBdeservedChappenedDpromised解析：考查動詞。句意：Jason后來告訴我們發(fā)生了什么。Arecorded記錄；Bdeserved應(yīng)受；Chappened發(fā)生；Dpromised答應(yīng)。故選C。8AstayedBsignedCpulledDhung解析：考查固定短語。句意：前幾天，他曾經(jīng)報名參加學(xué)校的運動隊。固定短語：sign up for(報名參加)，故選B。9AcommentsBuseCmistakesDfun解析：考查名詞。句意：那天幾個大一點的同學(xué)嘲笑他在賽道上的表現(xiàn)。Acomments評論；Buse使用；Cmistakes錯誤；Dfun樂趣。固定短語：make fun of(取笑)，故選D。10AprocessBoperationCmovementDsituation解析：考查名詞。句意：我打電話給他們校長說明情況之后，這樣的事就再也沒有發(fā)生過。Aprocess過程；Boperation操作；Cmovement移動；Dsituation情況。故選D。11AadmiredBwatchedCnoticedDrealized解析：考查動詞。句意：一天，當其他孩子在體育館里鍛煉時，他們注意到一個孤獨的跑步者Jason，在積雪的賽道上慢跑。Aadmired羨慕；Bwatched觀看；Cnoticed注意到；Drealized意識到。故選C。12AbestBworstCmostDleast解析：考查形容詞。句意：幾周后，Jason對我說：“爸爸我做好了最壞的打算?！币驗樗雷约河袣埣玻\動成績上肯定趕不上其他孩子。Abest最好；Bworst最壞；Cmost最多；Dleast最少。故選B。13AhopedBagreedCmeantDchose解析：考查動詞。句意：他補充說，每個月，每個學(xué)生都會投票選出一名“當月最佳運動員”，而且讓這個人成為獲獎?wù)?。Ahoped希望；Bagreed同意；Cmeant意思是；Dchose選擇。故選D。14AwinnerBrulerCadvisorDfighter解析：考查名詞。句意他補充說，每個月，每個學(xué)生都會投票選出一名“當月最佳運動員”，而且讓這個人成為獲獎?wù)?。Awinner勝者；Bruler統(tǒng)治者；Cadvisor顧問；Dfighter戰(zhàn)士。故選A。15AacceptedBlistedCattendedDorganized解析：考查動詞。因為Jason有殘疾，所以他從來也沒有進入過獲獎?wù)呙麊巍accepted接受；Blisted把 列入名單；Cattended參加；Dorganized組織。故選B。16AsurprisedBdelightedCmovedDfrightened解析：考查形容詞。因為Jason運動成績并不好，所以當有學(xué)生提議他是最佳運動員時，教練很吃驚。Asurprised吃驚的；Bdelighted高興的；Cmoved感動的；Dfrightened害怕的。故選A。17AdividedBexplodedCchangedDformed解析：考查動詞。當全班同學(xué)都舉起手贊同時，Jason感動得落下眼淚。這里指Jason眼睛里的淚水形成。Adivided劃分；Bexploded爆炸；Cchanged改變；Dformed形成。故選D。18AwarmlyBproudlyCkindlyDseriously解析：考查副詞。Jason的努力得到了大家的認可，所以他很驕傲地展示他的證書給我們看。Awarmly溫暖地；Bproudly驕傲地；Ckindly善意地；Dseriously認真地。故選B。19AblameBwarnCremindDinform解析：考查動詞。句意：每當我絕望時，我都會想起這個故事。我提醒自己，挑戰(zhàn)不是靠武力戰(zhàn)勝的，而是靠耐心、決心和信念來克服的。Ablame責(zé)備；Bwarn警告；Cremind提醒；Dinform告知。故選C。20AforceBconstructionCdiscussionDappearance解析：考查名詞。句意：每當我絕望時，我都會想起這個故事。我提醒自己，挑戰(zhàn)不是靠武力戰(zhàn)勝的，而是靠耐心、決心和信念來克服的。Aforce武力；Bconstruction建設(shè)；Cdiscussion討論；Dappearance外貌。故選A。.閱讀理解Dr Dian Fossey，one of the worlds leading women scientists，had a remarkable career.The workshe devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas(大猩猩)of Africahas proved highly effective and has resulted in the steady (平穩(wěn)的)increase of this most endangered great apes.Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963.Three years later，she returned to Africa to begin a longtime study of the mountain gorillas.She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967.She established her “Karisoke“ Research Centre camp on September 24,1967.Fosseys aims were to study gorilla ecology (生態(tài)學(xué))and social organization.She found that in order to achieve this，she needed to recognize individual gorillas，which required that the gorillas get used to her presence (出現(xiàn)).By copying gorillas behaviour and sounds，F(xiàn)ossey began to gain their trust，and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” reached out to touch her hand.Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour.Stories and photographs of her work were published in National Geographic Magazine and elsewhere.In 1977，one of Fosseys favorite gorillas，Digit，was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla protection efforts in the same year.On December 26，1985，F(xiàn)ossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke.Her body was discovered near the research centre.Most probably，Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers shed fought against.On her tombstone(墓碑)，“No one loved gorillas more.”In 1988，the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book.1Why does the author say Dr Dian Fossey “had a remarkable career”？_D_ABecause she travelled all over the world.BBecause she liked to play with gorillas.CBecause she studied gorilla ecology.DBecause she made great apes increase steadily.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，她的工作使瀕危動物巨猿的數(shù)量得以平穩(wěn)增長，這是她的非凡成就。2Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fosseys life？_D_a.She established the Digit Fund.b.Her story was shown in a movie.c.She was killed probably by the poachers.d.She established her “Karisoke” centre.Aa，d，c，bBa，c，d，bCd，c，b，aDd，a，c，b解析：細節(jié)理解題。Fossey建立the Digit Fund是在1977年；她的故事被拍成電影是在1988年；她被殺害是在1985年；她建立Karisoke研究中心是在1967年。由此可知D項的排序是正確的。3The underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to people who _B_.Asell drugs against the lawBhunt animals against the lawChate successful peopleDlike to do harm to people解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后三段中Fossey建立保護大猩猩的基金及她與poachers進行斗爭可知，她應(yīng)該是被偷獵者暗殺的。poacher指“偷獵者”。4From the words on Fosseys tombstone，we can infer that _A_.AFossey was the person who loved gorillas mostBafter Fossey died，no one loves gorillasCFossey was the first one to study gorillasDeverybody loves gorillas as Fossey did解析：推理判斷題。寫在Fossey墓碑上的這句話的意思是“沒有人比Fossey更愛大猩猩了”，也就是說Fossey是最熱愛大猩猩的人。.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Recently，our school has held the meaningful discussion on whether it is reasonable for middle school students to have classes on weekends.Some of our classmates believe we should have classes on weekends because we can make fully use of free time to review the lessons we had learnt.Some others are against the opinion，saying we had better to have a good rest on weekends so that we can work effective during the weekdays.The rest agree with neither of the opinion.They have the view which keeping the balance between work and play are important for us.They suggest one day of the weekend should used to learn our lessons and on the other day，we should do something interested or have a rest.答案：Recently，our school has held meaningful discussion on whether it is reasonable for middle school students to have classes on weekends.Some of our classmates believe we should have classes on weekends because we can make use of free time to review the lessons we learnt.Some others are against the opinion，saying we had better to have a good rest on weekends so that we can work during the weekdays.The rest agree with neither of the .They have the view keeping the balance between work and play important for us.They suggest one day of the weekend should be used to learn our lessons and on the other day，we should do something or have a rest.我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展進入新常態(tài)，需要轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式，改變粗放式增長模式，不斷優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，推進新型城鎮(zhèn)化，推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化因：我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展還面臨區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、城鎮(zhèn)化水平不高、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡不協(xié)調(diào)等現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn)。