完形填空突破(五)語境化選擇題1利用褒貶語境,判斷是非曲直幾乎每篇完形填空的語境都有一定的褒貶性,這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理、情緒狀態(tài)和作者的寫作意圖,因此利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能對文章進行準確的邏輯判斷,從而在吃透文意并準確傳遞文意的基礎(chǔ)上推斷出每一空的準確信息,找出能反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞語或句子,大膽預測下文。典例When I took the first exam,I was 38 (shocked) to find a 77,Cplus,on my test paper, 39 (for) English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne,who listened to my arguments but remained 40 .(2008北京)40A.unchanged BunpleasantCunfriendly Dunmoved答案D解析本題屬于根據(jù)語境判斷是非曲直題?？忌枰鶕?jù)語境和上下文的關(guān)系來確定答案。Jayne教授聽了我的理由,但通過but的轉(zhuǎn)折可知,他并未被我打動,而是顯得無動于衷。unmoved無動于衷的,符合語境。2避免只重語意,忽略習慣搭配高考完形填空題中有相當一部分試題屬此類情況。該題目難度系數(shù)在0.50.6之間,是廣大考生丟分最嚴重的題目。其原因是考生只注重語境,而忽視了詞匯的習慣搭配。所以考生在準確掌握語境的同時,更要注意所要填入的名詞、形容詞、動詞與空格前面或后面某個詞匯的習慣搭配,尤其要注意其與介詞或副詞的連用特點等。典例On a warm Monday,Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees.Rolling down the windows to 41 in fresh air,she settled back to enjoy her lunch.(2008湖北)41A.bring Blet Cgather Dsend答案B解析本題考查固定搭配。let in放進,允許進入,符合句意。bring in賺得；吸引； gather in收獲,收割；send in寄去(處理)。此處文意是“她搖下車窗放一些新鮮空氣進來”,而不是為了收集空氣,顯然只有B項恰當。3巧妙利用平行結(jié)構(gòu),準確判斷邏輯關(guān)系平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語氣一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式上整齊勻稱,內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度,利用其意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點來設(shè)空。高考完形填空常常會出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu),掌握與這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高解題效率。典例Not all of these 21 (fairies) are the friendly,peopleloving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are 22 (cruel) and cause much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parents. (2008廣東)23A.sick Bslim Cshort Dsmall24A.uncomfortable Bunbelievable Cunacceptable Dunrecognizable答案23.A24.D解析23題是典型的平行結(jié)構(gòu)試題。根據(jù)and可知,其前后為并列關(guān)系,pale意思是“蒼白的”,與之并列的應是sick,表示“有病的,生病的”。而根據(jù)前面的“changed so much”可知,后面的結(jié)果應是“對父母來說幾乎是難以辨認的”,故24題答案為D。1(2010吳忠二次統(tǒng)考)She had been shopping with her Mom in WalMart.She must have been 6 years old.It was1outside.We all stood just2the door of the WalMart.Her voice was so sweet for the3waiting.“Mom,lets run through the rain,” she said.“What？” Mom asked.“Lets run through the rain！” She4.“No,honey.Well wait until it5down a bit,” Mom replied.This young child waited about6minute and repeated,“Mom,lets run through the rain.”“Well get soaked if we do,” Mom said.“No,we wont,Mom.Thats not what you said this morning,” the young girl said as she7her Moms arm.“This morning？When did I say we could run through the rain and not get8？”“Dont you remember？When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer,you said,If God can get us9this,he can get us through anything！”The entire crowd became dead silent.I 10 you couldnt hear anything but the rain.We all stood silently.Mom 11 and thought for a moment about what she would say.“Honey,you are absolutely right.Lets run through the rain.If we get wet,maybe we just need 12 ,” Mom said.Then off they ran.We all stood watching,smiling and laughing as they 13 past the cars.They held their shopping 14 over their heads just in case.They got soaked.But they were 15 by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the 16 to their cars.And yes,I did.I ran.I got wet.I needed washing.Circumstances or people can take away your 17 possessions,they can take away your money,and they can take away your 18 .But no one can ever take away your precious 19 .So,dont forget to 20 time and take the opportunities to make memories every day!1A.quarrelling BpouringCsnowing Dtrembling答案B解析考查語境和動詞。由下文可知,外面下著雨,故用pour。pour有“(雨)傾瀉,滂沱”之意。quarrel爭吵,爭辯；snow下雪；tremble發(fā)抖,均不符合語境。2A.beside Bbehind Cinside Doutside答案C解析考查語境。根據(jù)常識,下了大雨,當然應躲在門的里面。beside在旁邊；behind在后面；inside在里面；outside在外邊。故選C項。3A.annoying Binteresting Cappreciating Dexpecting答案A解析考查語境。躲雨等待的感受應該不是很舒服的,故選用annoying,意思是“使煩惱的”。interesting有趣的；appreciating欣賞的；expecting期望的,均與語境不符。4A.answeredBdeclaredCrepeated Dannounced答案C解析考查語境。由上下文可知,此處女兒又重復了一遍,故用repeated。answer為單純地回答,沒有重復之意,不是最佳答案。declare斷言；宣布；announce宣布,這兩個詞的使用環(huán)境與此處不符,故排除。5A.bringsBcomes Ccuts Dslows答案D解析考查語境。根據(jù)語境可知,媽媽的意思是等到雨小一些再走,故用slows。slow down慢下來；bring down擊落；降低；come down下降,下落；cut down砍倒；削減。根據(jù)短語的意思可知,D項正確。6A.a more BotherCan another Danother答案D解析考查詞語辨析。此處意為“小女孩又等了一分鐘。”another加單數(shù)名詞或加數(shù)詞和復數(shù)名詞,表示“再,又”之意。another minute同one more minute,但不能用a more minute。7A.pulled Bhit Cpushed Ddragged答案A解析考查語境。小女孩應是“拉住”媽媽的胳膊。hit表示“擊,打”之意；push推；drag拖,拖曳；緩慢而費力地行動；pull為一般意義的“拖,拉”。故選A項。8A.hurt Bwet Cwounded Dslipped答案B解析考查語境。結(jié)合語境,上文提到媽媽說如果冒雨走的話會淋濕的,此處是媽媽表示自己的困惑“我什么時候說過冒雨走而不會淋濕？”hurt使受傷；wound使受傷；slip滑倒,均不符合句意。9A.off Bover Cthrough Din答案C解析考查介詞搭配和照應。get through表示“通過,使成功”,符合句意“如果上帝讓我們渡過這一關(guān),他就能讓我們克服一切！”主句和從句均用get through。get off下車；動身；get over克服,戰(zhàn)勝(困難等)；get in到達；收獲。10A.recalledBswore Cpromised Dobserved答案B解析考查動詞。作者在表達那時的感受,強調(diào)除了雨聲之外一片寂靜。swear意思是“宣誓保證”,強調(diào)作者對當時情景的印象之深。recall回憶起,回想；promise允諾,答應；observe觀察,觀測,均與語境不符。11A.suffered Bwalked Cwept Dpaused答案D解析考查語境。女兒的話出乎意料,所以媽媽“暫?！毕聛?思考該說些什么。媽媽不是受到傷害,排除suffer；也不是走來走去,排除walk；文中未提到女兒的話讓她哭了,故weep也不正確。選pause,意為“暫?！薄?2A.washing Bbathing Cshowering Dwatering答案A解析考查上下文照應。此處與下文的“I needed washing.”照應。bathe洗澡；shower洗淋浴；water澆水,都屬于特定情況下的行為,此處應是一般的臨時之意。13A.rushed Bflew Cwalked Ddrove答案A解析考查語境和常識。依據(jù)常理,她們在大雨中應該是跑得很快。四個選項中只有rush有“快速行走,沖,奔”之意。walk為一般行走；fly飛翔；drive駕駛,開車,均不符合常理。14A.goods Bsupplies Cbags Dpackages答案C解析考查行文邏輯。她們在沃爾瑪超市購物,故此處應是她們將“購物袋”頂在頭頂。goods商品；supply補給品,日用品；package包裹。把商品放在頭頂,不符合邏輯,supplies與packages與語境不符,所以shopping bags最為合理。15A.suspected Bchallenged Cordered Dfollowed答案D解析考查語境。從下文可以看出,許多人跟著她們沖進了雨中,故選用followed。suspect懷疑；challenge向挑戰(zhàn)；order命令,均與語境不符。16A.route Bway Cpath Ddirection答案B解析考查名詞。人們一路跑向自己的汽車,故用way。all the way意思是“一路”。route的含義是“路線”,通常是迂回的,可以包括數(shù)條道路或街道,有時甚至包括小路、小巷；path一般指“小道,小徑”,特別是林間或田間小徑,而且通常是由人走出來的,而不是修筑的；direction指“方向”。17A.physical Bmental Cspiritual Dmaterial答案D解析考查語境和邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示的是一種對比關(guān)系。作者講的是“環(huán)境或人可以奪去你的物質(zhì)財富,搶走你的金錢,帶走你的健康,但沒有人可以帶走你珍貴的回憶”。physical身體的；mental心理的；智力的；spiritual精神的；material物質(zhì)的。18A.health Brelative Cfriendship Dhappiness答案A解析考查并列關(guān)系。結(jié)合第17小題的解析和本題選項可知,health符合語境。relative親戚；friendship友誼；happiness幸福。19A.presents Bprizes Cmemories Dchances答案C解析考查上下文照應。結(jié)合選項和文章最后一句話中提到的memories可以得出答案。present禮物；prize獎賞,獎品；chance機會,運氣；memory回憶。20A.make Bgain Ckill Dkeep答案A解析考查動詞。句意為：因此,記得要抓緊時間,抓住機會爭取每天都給自己留下一些回憶吧。make time騰出時間,符合句意。kill time消磨時間；keep time合拍子；gain time走得快；贏得時間。2“But what if I break my arm again？”My fiveyearold daughter asked,looking very1.I knew she2very much to learn to ride,but ever since shed fallen off her bike and broken her arm,shed been afraid.“Oh,honey,”I said.“I dont think youll break another arm.”“3I could,couldnt I？”“You know,honey,”I said,“4everything you do comes with risks.You could get a broken arm in a car5and then be afraid to6ride in a car again.You could break your arm jumping a rope.You could break your arm at gym.Do you want to7going to gym？”“No,”she said.And with a determined spirit,she stood up and8to try again.I spent the rest of the afternoon at the park watching a very9little girl overcome a fear,and10myself on being a useful single parent after a painful divorce(離婚)As we walked home,she asked me about a conversation shed overheard me having with my11the night before.“Grandma wanted you to find someone to12.”“What grandma wants is for someone to13my heart again.”“But Mom.”“Youre too young to14it,”I told her.“So I guess love isnt like a broken arm.”she said. 15to answer,we walked the rest of the way in16.When I got home,I called my mother and17her for talking about this to my daughter.Then I did what Id seen my brave little girl do that very afternoon.I agreed to18Steve.Steve was the man for me.We19less than a year later.It turned out my mother and daughter were20.1A.surprised BdisappointedCsad Dpuzzled答案C解析由上下文語境可知,小女孩想騎自行車又不敢騎,由此可以推斷其心情是很悲哀的,因此該空應填sad。2A.wanted Bhated Clost Dgained答案A解析該空表示“想要”,因此應填wanted。3A.And BOr CInstead DBut答案D解析母親認為小女孩不會再摔斷胳膊,而女兒認為自己有可能再摔斷胳膊,因此該空含轉(zhuǎn)折性邏輯關(guān)系,應填but。4A.Almost BHardly CNearly DMostly答案A解析該空表示“幾乎”,強調(diào)程度,因此應填almost。5A.trade Bsale Caccident Dshow答案C解析由常識可知,在汽車事故中人們的胳膊有可能受傷,因此該空應填accident。6A.ever Bnever Ceven Dyet答案A解析ever用于此句中有“總是,始終”的含義,相當于always,它起著一種加強語氣的作用。7A.start Bregret Cfinish Dstop答案D解析難道你不想去體育館了嗎？8A.offered Bagreed Chad Dchose答案B解析在母親的解釋與勸說下,女兒答應再試一次。9A.shy Bweak Cbrave Dgentle答案C解析小女孩敢于克服自己的恐懼是一種勇敢的行為。10A.congratulating BpraisingCencouraging Dcelebrating答案A解析我祝賀自己在痛苦的離婚之后能夠做一個有用的單親家長。11A.father Bmother Csister Dbrother答案B解析由下文Grandma可以推出該空表示“母親”,因此應填mother。12A.like Bknow Clove Dteach答案C解析下文“I guess love isnt like a broken arm” 可以推出該空應填love。13A.warm Bfeel Cbuy Dbreak答案D解析由上文第10空所在句的a painful divorce可以推出該空表示“使破碎”,因此應填break。 14A.understand BbelieveCaccept Dreceive答案A解析你太小了無法理解大人感情方面的事。15A.Unable BUnwillingCUncertain DUnhappy答案A16A.excitement BsorrowCsilence Dsurprise答案C解析無法回答女兒的話,我們在沉默中行走。17A.punished BscoldedCthanked Dappreciated答案B解析由上文可知,作者不滿意她母親給她女兒講自己感情方面的事,因此該空表示“責怪”,應填scolded。18A.hire Bmeet Cfire Dinvite答案B解析我答應去見Steve。19A.left BmarriedCmoved Dquarrelled答案B解析上文the man for me暗示該空表示“結(jié)婚”。20A.wrong BrightCclear Dclever答案B解析由上文可知,作者的母親和女兒都贊成作者重新獲得愛,而作者現(xiàn)在獲得了愛,因此母親和女兒的觀點是對的。強化訓練 (1)第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。In the clinic, I asked if Michael could be retested, so the specialist tested him again. To my _36_, it was the same score. Later that evening, I _37_ told Frank what I had learned that day. After talking it over, we agree that we knew our _38_ much better than an IQ(智商) test. We _39_ that Michaels score must have been a _40_ and we should treat him _41_ as usual. We moved to Indiana in 1962, and Michael studied at Concordia High School in the same year. He got _42 _ grades in the school, especially _43_ biology and chemistry, which was a great comfort. Michael _44_ Indiana University in 1965 as a pre-medical student, soon afterwards, his teachers permitted him to take more courses than _45_. In 1968, he was accepted by the School of Medicine, Yale University. On graduation day in 1972, Frank and I _46_ the ceremony (典禮) at Yale. After the ceremony, we told Michael about the _47_ IQ score he got when he was six. Since that day, Michael sometimes would look at us and say _48_, “My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldnt be a doctor, not until after I graduated from medical school!” It is his special way of thanking us for the _49_ we had in him. Interestingly, Michael then _50_ another IQ test. We went to the same clinic where he had _51_ the test eighteen years before. This time Michael scored 126, an increase of 36 points. A result like that was supposed to be _52_. Children often do as _53_ as what adults, particularly parents and teachers, _54_ of them. That is, tell a child he is “ _55_”, and he may play the role of a foolish child. 36. A. joyB. surpriseC. dislikeD. disappointment37. A. tearfullyB. fearfullyC. cheerfullyD. hopefully38. A. studentB. sonC. friendD. doctor39. A. arguedB. realizedC. decidedD. understood40. A. jokeB. mistakeC. warningD wonder. 41. A. speciallyB. strictlyC. naturallyD. carefully42. A. poorB. goodC. averageD. standard43. A. in B. aboutC. ofD. for44. A. visitedB. choseC. passedD. entered45. A. allowedB. describedC. requiredD. offered46. A. missedB. heldC. delayedD. attended47. A. highB. sameC. lowD. different48. A. curiouslyB. eagerlyC. calmlyD. jokingly49. A. faithB. interestC. prideD. delight50. A. looked forB. asked forC. waited forD. prepared for51. A. receivedB. acceptedC. organizedD. discussed52. A. imperfectB. impossibleC. uncertainD. unsatisfactory53. A. honestlyB. muchC. well D. bravely54. A. hear B. learnC. expectD. speak55. A. wiseB. rudeC. shyD. stupid答案：36-40 DABCB41-45 CBADC46-50 DCDAB51-55 ABCCD (2). ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Adults are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practised in the meantime. A man who has not had an opportunity to go swimming for years can 55 swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still 56 away. A mother who has not 57 the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “ Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or recite the story of Cinderella or Snow White.One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: 58 we have learned something, additional learning increases the 59 of time we will remember it.In childhood, we usually continue to practise such skills as swimming, bicycle riding long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and 60 ourselves of poems such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella or Snow White. We not only learn but 61 .The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學習) for an examination, 62 it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning; 64 , is usually a good investment toward the future.55. A. only B. hardly C. still D. even56. A. more B. drive C. travel D. ride57. A. thought about B. cared for C. showed up D. brought up 58. A. Before B. Once C. Until D. Unless59. A. accuracy B. unit C. limit D. length60. A. remind B. inform C. warm D. recall61. A. recite B. overlearn C. research D. improve62. A. though B. so C. if D. after63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift64. A. at most B. by the way C. on the other handD. in the end (B) The birthrate is Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, realizing crisis is at hand, are providing great encouragement for parents to create more babies in the 21st century. Affairs Ministry concluded last year that, 65 cash encouragement, some women just dont want to be 66 holding the baby. “What we know is that its good for the 67 if men and women share the burden of having children,” says Soren Kindlund, family policy adviser at the Swedish ministry. 68 Swedish parents can take their paid leave as they wish, men use a mere 12% of it; 60% of fathers do not take even a(n) 69 day off work. Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental leave could make employers 70 go give young women the permanent jobs they need to qualify for paid maternity leave (產(chǎn)假)。In January. Sweden decided to allow new fathers two months paid leave, with a warning: use it or 71 it. Kindlund admits that men are under 72 to stay at work, even though parental pay comes out of the public purse. “Its not popular among bosses and perhaps with other men in the workplace,” he says. “But its good for the father and for the child if they can 73 a relationship.” In Norway, a(n) 74 policy has worked wonders. 70% of dads in Norway now take parental leave, and the birthrate of 1.85 children per woman is one of the highest in Europe.65. A. is spite ofB. at the cost of C. in addition to D. due to 66. A. sent B. left C. caught D. seen 67. A. birthrate B. income C. health D. spirit68. A. Just as B. Only if C. Even though D. Now that69. A. one B. mere C. only D. single 70. A. willing B. reluctant C. likely D. unable 71. A. reserve B. misuse C. ignore D. lose72. A. discussion B. attack C. control D. pressure73. A. make out B. add up C. build up D. set aside74. A. impersonal B. similar C. severe D. global 答案5559 CDABD 6064 ABACC 6569 ABACD7074 BDDCB （3）第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Ban the Band(樂隊)?Every year, our school has a dance for all the students. Its a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful 36 , instead of the usual school uniform.Most of us think the dance is great 37 even the teachers enjoy being there, 38 , two weeks ago someone said that there would be no 39 band this yearonly CDs.“I dont 40 it!” Amy cried out during the lunch break.“Someone said the school couldnt 41 a band, and they think its too noisy anyway,” added Daniel.“Well, I dont think its 42 enough without a band！” declared Angela, “and Im going to see what can be done.”Angela was as good as her 43 . In the afternoon she went to see the school headmaster who agreed to give the 44 some more thought. And he suggested that one 45 for having a band was to increase the price of each ticket from $5 to $10. Angela had to 46 out whether the students would like to do that.“I need all of you to help me,” she 47 to your group before school the next day. “Mr. Berry gave me a list of all the names, and suggested we ask each one their 48 about the band and the extra cost.”49 the day we asked around as Angela suggested, and wrote down peoples feelings about the band and the cost. We were amazed how much 50 there was for the band and everyone agreed to pay the extra $5.“Im surprised, smiled Mr. Berry, when we gave him the 51 . “I reallythought that only a few people 52 their band and that the cost would be too high. OK. Angela, your next 53 is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”Angela was all smiles and 54 the news to Amy and Daniel. “Youre 55 ,” smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.36AshapesBdressesCflowersDpictures37AfunBworkCeffortDprogress38ABesidesBOtherwiseCHoweverDTherefore39AnewBliveCforeignDmarching40AmeanBneedCacceptDbelieve41AleadBserveCaffordDform42AgoodBclearCusefulDeasy43AlookBbehaviorCmindDword44AscheduleBsituationCviewDaction45ApossibilityBconcernCdecisionDchance46AcallBfindCcarryDpoint47AadmittedBrepliedCapologizedDannounced48Aknowledge