Poems一、閱讀理解。Plastic sludge(污泥)and garbage is a disaster for the worlds oceans.A film crew traveled the globe to document the rubbish.And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans Foundation says what we see is just the tip of the problem.“Half of the waste actually sinks to the bottom，and that that remains on the surface actually breaks down.”The filmmakers found rubbish in ocean gyres，the circulating currents that trap large concentrations of pollution in the Atlantic，Indian，and Pacific Oceans，home of what some have called a plastic island.“What we found in the center of the Pacific was not a floating island of plastic.What we found was a plastic smog that spread throughout all the water.And in some parts of the oceans，scientists have found more plastic than plant.”The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain，sometimes visibly，and more so at the microscopic level，where the plastic particles interact with other pollutants.“There are heavy metals，medicines，industrial waste in the sea，while it acts like magnets(磁鐵)These poisonous substances absorb on the plastic，and then when seafood absorbs the plastics，those poisonous substances enter the fatty tissues.”To be consumed by other sea life and by people at last.China，Indonesia，the Philippines，Thailand and Vietnam are the worst plastic polluters.The United States，although a leader in recycling，is one of the worlds 20 since it produces and consumes so much plastic.There are efforts around the world to address the problem，including at this newly opened recycling center in Lebanon(黎巴嫩)But Andersen says there is more that people can do.“Cut back on singleuse plastics，straws，plastic cups，plastic water bottles，plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials.”She says healthy oceans are essential to our survival.1What can we learn from the passage?ATheres an island full of plastic rubbish in the Pacific.BThe bad effect of plastic pollution cant be seen by eyes.CThe United States is the least plastic polluters.DThe plastic pollution to oceans is more serious than what we can see.2What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?APollutants like heavy metals and medicines.BThe plastic particles.CSeafood.DFatty tissues.3What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AAll Asian countries have the most serious problem of plastic pollution.BThe plastic problem hasnt attracted the worlds attention.CAndersen is not satisfied with what has been done to solve the plastic problem.DPeople should stop using plastic products immediately.4Which may be the title of the passage?APlastic pollution in the WorldBPlastic pollutionOceans DisasterCWays to solve the problem of plastic pollution to oceansDPlastic pollution and our health【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了塑料垃圾對海洋的嚴(yán)重破壞。長難句分析：The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain，sometimes visibly，and more so at the microscopic level，where the plastic particles interact with other pollutants.(第三段第一句)分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。where引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞microscopic level。譯文：塑料垃圾碎片會影響食物鏈，這種影響有時明顯，但更多的還是反映在微觀層面上，塑料微粒在這個層面上與其他污染物相互作用。詞匯積累：disaster n災(zāi)難document v記載poisonous adj.有毒的substance n物質(zhì)tissue n組織1D考查推理判斷。.what we see is just the tip of the problem.“Half of the waste actually sinks to the bottom，and that that remains on the surface actually breaks down.”(第一段最后兩句)譯文：我們所看到的只是問題的一小部分。“實(shí)際上有一半的垃圾都沉入了海底，另一些殘留在表面上的實(shí)際上已經(jīng)分解掉了?！苯忸}思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推斷出，海洋中的塑料垃圾遠(yuǎn)比我們看到的要嚴(yán)重得多。根據(jù)第二段第二句“What we found in the center of the Pacific was not a floating island of plastic.”可知，A項與原文不符；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，B項與原文不符；根據(jù)最后一段第二句中的“one of the worlds 20 since it produces and consumes so much plastic”可知，C項與原文不符。故選D。2B考查指代判斷。These poisonous substances absorb on the plastic, and then when seafood absorbs the plastics，those poisonous substances enter the fatty tissues.(第三段第三句)譯文：這些有毒物質(zhì)會吸附在塑料上，然后當(dāng)海鮮吸收這些塑料時，有毒物質(zhì)就會進(jìn)入它們的脂肪組織。解題思路：根據(jù)畫線詞上句中的“the plastic particles interact with other pollutants”可知，塑料顆?？膳c其他污染物相互作用；結(jié)合關(guān)鍵句可知，此處應(yīng)指塑料顆粒就像磁鐵一樣，可以將毒素吸附到自己身上，然后帶入海鮮體內(nèi)。由此可推知，it指代上文中的“the plastic particles”，故選B。3C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。But Andersen says there is more that people can do.“Cut back on singleuse plastics，straws，plastic cups, plastic water bottles，plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials.”(最后一段第四、五句)譯文：但是Andersen稱，人們能做的不僅僅是這些?！皽p少一次性塑料、吸管、塑料杯、塑料水瓶和塑料袋的使用，并找到諸如可再用材料之類的替代品?！苯忸}思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推斷出，Andersen對目前人們?yōu)榻鉀Q塑料問題所做的努力并不滿意，她認(rèn)為人們可以做得更多。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，并非所有的亞洲國家都有嚴(yán)重的塑料污染，所以A項與原文不符；根據(jù)最后一段第三句可知，如今全世界都在努力解決這一問題，所以B項與原文不符；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句中的“cut back”可知，D項與原文不符。故選C。4B考查標(biāo)題概括。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了塑料污染對海洋的嚴(yán)重破壞。B項概括了文章主旨，最適合做標(biāo)題。故選B。二、語法填空。Have you ever heard that we humans use only ten percent of our brains? This myth holds _1_ certain appeal because if it _2_ (be) true, then we could instantly bee ten times _3_ (intelligent) just by firing up that sleepy majority of the brain!The idea that we use only a small fraction of the brain dates back to animal experiments in the 19th century. When scientists _4_ (stimulate) a specific part of the brain, the animal moved _5_ (it) leg or tail. And some scientists assumed that large parts of the brain were simply useless.Then, in the early 20th century, scientists observed that stimulating certain regions of the brain had no physical effects, which _6_ (call) the “silent cortex”. Today we know that much of the “silent cortex” is actually devoted to plex activities like language, learning and imagining.Actually, _7_ we sleep, many areas of the brain are extremely active. Would you be smarter if your entire brain constantly worked to maximum capacity? _8_ (interest) enough, the opposite is probably true. The less brain activity you need to perform a _9_ (give) task, the more the brain as a whole is capable _10_ doing.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。我們?nèi)祟愔皇褂昧舜竽X的百分之十？是否激活沉睡的大部分大腦我們就可以比現(xiàn)在聰明十倍？很遺憾，科學(xué)證明事實(shí)并不是這樣的！1a考查冠詞。hold a certain appeal “有一些吸引力”。2were考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)空格后的“then we could instantly bee .”可知，此處是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，要用虛擬語氣，故此處用were。3more intelligent考查形容詞的比較級。由設(shè)空前的“ten times”可知，此處表示比較，指(比以前)聰明十倍，應(yīng)填形容詞的比較級，而intelligent是多音節(jié)形容詞，故填more intelligent。4stimulated考查動詞的時態(tài)。本句描述19世紀(jì)科學(xué)家所做的實(shí)驗，因此用一般過去時。5its考查代詞。這里its指代the animals。6are called考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，which在從句中指代regions，此處描述一種研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，且call與regions是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填are called。7as/when考查連詞。這句話的意思是“事實(shí)上，當(dāng)我們睡覺的時候，大腦的很多區(qū)域都是極度活躍的”。8Interestingly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處修飾后面的整個句子，因此此處要用副詞Interestingly。9given考查非謂語動詞。此處given作定語修飾task，由于give與task之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。10of考查介詞。be capable of doing sth. “有能力做某事”。三、完形填空。I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May.I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine _1_ off the leaves.It was such a _2_ and heavenly time.My calm was broken，_3_，as I rounded a curve(拐彎處)A huge UHaul truck was ing my way several feet over the center line.I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to _4_ it.It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as _5_.I wondered if all the stuff inside of them _6_ the same person.I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to _7_.It was then that I _8_ a selfstorage business along the side of the highway，building new units for all the people who couldnt fit their _9_ into their houses.I saw a(n)_10_ couple carrying boxes into one of the units.It seemed _11_ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.I lost my own _12_ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned.The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing.Yet，our whole family had awakened _13_ to escape.In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet，but none of it seemed as _14_ any more.What was important was seeing Moms smile，giving Nana a hug and a kiss，and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair _15_ a hard days work.What was important was the stuff of _16_，not the stuff of this world.Since then I have tried to limit the things I would _17_.I didnt want too much stuff to _18_ my life.I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning，growing，and _19_ my family and others.I assumed that only by doing so could I make my _20_.1A.appreciatingBreflectingCadmiring Dreleasing2A.refreshing BdelightfulCpeaceful Ddynamic3A.though BtooCanyway Dinstead4A.miss BrejectCignore Ddesert5A.useful BlargeCnew Dgood6A.turned to Breferred toCreacted to Dbelonged to7A.beat BpulseCaccelerate Dfollow8A.noticed BthoughtCdid Destablished9A.furniture BboxesCpossessions Dmaterials10A.old ByoungCmiddleaged Dsmall11A.curious BapparentCcertain Dobvious12A.hope BtalentCfaith Dtaste13A.in return Bin turnCin time Din vain14A.affordable BsignificantCbeneficial Dpractical15A.before BinCafter Dduring16A.mind BhandChead Dsoul17A.purchase BdonateCwaste Dneed18A.put up Bcrowd upCbring up Dset up19A.helping BabusingCloving Daffecting20A.name BdayCworld Dway【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述駕車途中的所見所感，并聯(lián)想到自己家中曾經(jīng)的火災(zāi)事件對他自身觀念的影響，由此闡述了自己的感受：世上最重要的東西不是物質(zhì)占有量，而在于精神世界的豐富，只有這樣人才能感到快樂。1B根據(jù)“the golden sunshine _1_ off the leaves”可知，此處意為“樹葉反射出金色的陽光”。reflect“反射”符合語境。appreciate“感激，欣賞”；admire“欽佩，贊賞”；release“釋放，發(fā)行”。2C根據(jù)空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者當(dāng)時的心情是平靜愉快的，故peaceful符合語境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的”；delightful“討人喜歡的，令人愉快的”；peaceful“平靜的，寧靜的”；dynamic“動力的，有活力的”。3A根據(jù)空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空處所在句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故though“可是，不過”符合語境。too“太，也”；anyway“不管怎樣，無論如何”；instead“相反”。4A根據(jù)空前一句中的“truck was ing my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者盡量把車子往路邊開來躲開卡車。miss“避開，躲開(不好或討厭的事)”；reject“排斥，丟掉”；ignore“忽視，不理睬”；desert“遺棄，丟棄”。5B根據(jù)上文可知，一輛卡車越過了中心線幾英尺向作者的方向駛來，結(jié)合語境可知，這輛大卡車后還跟著另外兩輛同樣大的(large)卡車，故選B。6D根據(jù)語境可知，作者不知道三輛卡車上的東西是否屬于(belonged to)同一個人。belong to“屬于”；turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于”；refer to“參考，提到”；react to“對作出反應(yīng)”。7D根據(jù)語境可知，作者放慢車速來平靜心情調(diào)整心率。故follow“跟隨，追趕”符合語境。beat“打敗，拍打”；pulse“跳動，搏動”；accelerate“加速，增加”。8A該句中的It was then that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，意思是“就在那時”。作者在平靜心情時注意到路旁的一個自助存儲公司。notice“注意到”；establish“建立，創(chuàng)辦”。9C根據(jù)語境可知，這些設(shè)備是為那些無法把所有物(possessions)存儲到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，財產(chǎn)”符合語境。furniture“家具，設(shè)備”；material“材料”。10B根據(jù)空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此處young“年輕的”符合語境。middleaged“中年的”。11A根據(jù)該句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已經(jīng)擁有太多的東西)”可知，作者對此感到奇怪，故curious“稀奇古怪的”符合語境。apparent“顯然的，表面上的”；certain“必然的，有把握的”；obvious“明顯的，顯然的”。12D根據(jù)語境可知，夜半時分一場大火燒毀了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有擁有(很多)東西的興趣(taste)。taste“愛好，興趣”符合語境。hope“希望”； talent“才能，天資”；faith“信仰，信念”。13C根據(jù)空前的“had awakened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及時(in time)醒來逃了出去。in return“作為回報”；in turn“反過來，輪流”；in vain“徒勞”。14B根據(jù)空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空處所填詞與important意思相同，故significant“重要的，有意義的”符合語境。affordable“買得起的”；beneficial“有益的”；practical“實(shí)用的”。15C根據(jù)生活常識可知，父親打盹應(yīng)該是在一天的艱辛工作之后(after)。16D根據(jù)空前的“What was important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空處所填詞與“this world”形成對比，再結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為精神世界的豐富更為重要。soul“(人類整體的)精神狀況”符合語境。mind“頭腦，智力”。17A根據(jù)上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者從此努力限制自己購買(purchase)東西的數(shù)量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故選A。donate“捐贈”；waste“浪費(fèi)”；need“需要”。18B根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示作者不想讓太多的物品充斥自己的生活。故crowd up符合語境。put up“張貼，搭建”；bring up“撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，提出”；set up“建立”。19C根據(jù)空后的“my family and others”可以推斷此處意為“愛我的家人和他人”，故選C。abuse“濫用”；affect“影響”。20B根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示只有這樣做作者才能開心。make sb.s day為固定用法，意為“使某人非常高興”。四、短文改錯。Dear Steven，I would like to invite you to the annually ingofage Ceremony of our school.This big event would be held in the school auditorium from 9 am to 11 am in March 12. All the Senior Three students are expect to attend it with the pany of their parents and teachers.The ingofage Ceremony is really a good chance for we students to express our gratitude to our beloved parents as well our patient teachers. Meanwhile, it will turn a new page in our life, that means we have grown up and it is time we shoulder more responsibilities for the family and society.Id appreciate it if you could e and share with the unforgettable moment with us. Im looking forward to your arrive!Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Steven，I would like to invite you to the ingofage Ceremony of our school.This big event be held in the school auditorium from 9 am to 11 am March 12. All the Senior Three students are to attend it with the pany of their parents and teachers.The ingofage Ceremony is really a good chance for students to express our gratitude to our beloved parents as well our patient teachers. Meanwhile, it will turn a new page in our life, means we have grown up and it is time we more responsibilities for the family and society.Id appreciate it if you could e and share the unforgettable moment with us. Im looking forward to your !Yours，Li Hua難項分析：第四處：expectexpected考查被動語態(tài)。expect與Senior Three students之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故把expect改為expected。第七處：thatwhich考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且引導(dǎo)詞指代主句整體內(nèi)容，故只能用which。第八處：shoulder前加should或者shouldershouldered考查虛擬語氣?！癐t is (high) time that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語動詞要用過去式或用“should動詞原形”，且should不可省略。五、七選五。