必修5Unit 5First aid一、閱讀理解Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need panionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to express their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of closeness is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in ones life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Regardless of the level of closeness, all friendships are based on reciprocity (互惠), honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.1.Who are more likely to suffer from psychological disorders without friends?A. Teenagers.B. Adults.C. The elderly.D.A couple.2.What does the sentence “No man is an island” really mean?A. No man is willing to live on an island.B. Man usually doesnt go to an islandC. Everyone is related with our society.D. Our society is just like an island.3.What can we learn about outgoing people?A. They like being alone.B. They are fond of making friends.C. They have intense friendships.D. They have fewer close friends indeed4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. The formation of close friends.B. The number of real friends.C. Honesty, love and affection.D. Factors to determine the degree of closeness.【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。主要討論講述的是友誼的重要性。不論是青少年還是老年人，都需要朋友的陪伴。沒有人是孤立的，每個人都是社會的一部分，都需要他人的愛、陪伴和關心。人人需要友誼，需要歸屬感。1.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders.”可知，沒有朋友的青少年更可能遭受精神疾病。故選A。3.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段尾句“Outgoing persons enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas shy persons are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.”可在，外向的人喜歡交朋友。故選B。4.D 【解析】段落大意題。通讀最后一段可知，本段講述親密程度是由許多因素決定的，不管親密程度如何，友誼都是建立在互惠，真誠，愛和情感的基礎上的。二、完形填空Jake Olson lost his left eye when he was eight months old because of a born cancer. _1_ it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared and _2_ the loss of his right eye. But after years of cheering for his favorite football team, Jake has _3_ the impossible dream. Hes now a part of the team, despite his total _4_， playing the game not based on sight but on _5_.Being a _6_ fan of the USC Trojans, one of Jakes last _7_ before he lost his eye was to watch the team play at Notre Dame. His strong liking for the sport didnt go _8_ former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to meet the _9_.Inspired by those players, Jake hoped to be _10_ in his schools football team. At first he didnt think he would be of any real _11_， but when he heard peoples cheers for football players, his love for football strengthened. So Jake _12_ the coach, asking to join the team. The coach told him to _13_ the next season. So Jake spent his time practicing hard. _14_， he became a starter on the team in the next season. Having made his high school football team, it didnt seem too _15_ to do the same in college. Coach Steve agreed that Jake _16_ the requirements of the team. So Jakes dream came true. _17_ football, Jake is also a motivational speaker. “I went into football with the thought that I had nothing to _18_ ，” Jake said, “I really had no fear. Going through _19_ in life does make you stronger. Lifes unfair, but its _20_ me not to give up and keep fighting.” 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。Jake Olson雙目失明，但這并沒有阻止他對運動的熱愛。他是高中和大學橄欖球隊的隊員，并且他還是一位勵志演講人。1A.Unless BThoughCOnly if DNow that答案與解析：B根據(jù)下文的“it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared.”可知，此處指盡管(Though)經(jīng)過治療，癌癥被控制住了，但是它還是復發(fā)了，并導致(led to) Jake Olson失去了他的右眼。主從句之間存在讓步關系，故選Though。2A.backed off Bheld backCbroke down Dled to答案與解析：D參見上題解析。back off“退縮，退卻”；hold back“抑制，阻止”；break down“出故障，崩潰。”3A.forgotten BquittedCrealized Dignored答案與解析：C但是，在為他最喜歡的橄欖球隊加油多年之后，Jake實現(xiàn)了(realized)那個不可能的夢。下文中的“Jakes dream came true”亦是提示。forget“忘記”；quit“放棄”；ignore“忽視”。4A.blindness BabsenceCdeafness Dinnocence答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)ost his left eye”“the loss of his right eye”可知，此處指盡管Jake雙目失明( blindness)，但他現(xiàn)在成了球隊的一員。absence“缺席”；deafness“聾”。5A.ability BguessCfeel Dimagination答案與解析：C根據(jù)上文提到的Jake雙目失明的內容可知，此處指的應是他打球靠的不是視力而是感覺(feel)。ability“能力”；guess“猜測”；imagination“想象”。6A.responsible BfaithfulCcareful Dtemporary答案與解析：B根據(jù)語境及上文的“years of cheering for his favorite football team”可知，此處指作為USC Trojans球隊的忠實粉絲，Jake在失去視力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是觀看球隊在Notre Dame的比賽。responsible“負責任的”；faithful“忠實的”；careful“細心的”；temporary“臨時的”。7A.chances BpromisesCcourses Dwishes答案與解析：D參見上題解析。8A.unnoticed BunsolvedCunreported Dunlimited答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文的“former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to.”可知，此處指Jake對運動的熱愛并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽視的”；unsolved“未解決的”；unreported“未報道的”；unlimited“無限制的，無條件的”。9A.leaders BplayersCfans Dcoaches答案與解析：B根據(jù)語境及上文提到的Jake是球隊的忠實粉絲以及想觀看球隊的比賽的內容可知，此處應是指教練Pete邀請Jake跟球員們(players)見面。下文中的“Inspired by those players”是關鍵的提示信息。10A.occupied BinvolvedCtrapped Dabsorbed答案與解析：B受到那些球員們的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入學校的橄欖球隊。be involved in是固定搭配，意為“參與，參加”。be occupied in“忙于”；be trapped in“被困在”；be absorbed in“全神貫注于”。11A.interest BhopeCuse Dconcern答案與解析：C此處指盡管Jake想加入學校的橄欖球隊，但是因為自身有殘疾，Jake最初覺得自己加入球隊并不會有什么實際的用處(use)。12A.approached BappreciatedCrecognized Dgreeted答案與解析：A因此，Jake找了教練，請求加入球隊。approach“靠近，接洽”；appreciate“感激，欣賞”；recognize“認出，認可”。13A.pull through Bset outCleave off De back答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文的“the next season. he became a starter on the team in the next season”可知，此處指教練叫Jake下個賽季再回來。pull through“痊愈，康復”；set out“動身踏上”；leave off“停止”；e back“回來，返回”。14A.Gradually BFinallyCRecently DAccidentally答案與解析：B所以Jake花時間刻苦練習，最后，在下個賽季，他成了球隊的上場球員。gradually“逐漸地”；finally“最后，終于”；recently“最近”；accidentally“偶然地，意外地”。15A.difficult BaccessibleCattractive Dnecessary答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文的“Having made his high school football team”可知，因為有了高中的球隊經(jīng)歷，成為大學球隊的隊員似乎也不是太難。difficult“困難的”；accessible“可接近的”；attractive“吸引人的”；necessary“必要的”。16A.refreshed BpletedCsatisfied Dacquired答案與解析：C根據(jù)句中的“Coach Steve agreed”及下文中的“So Jakes dream came true”可知，此處指Steve覺得Jake達到了球隊的要求，因此Jake加入大學球隊的夢想實現(xiàn)了。refresh“更新”；plete“完成”；satisfy“滿足”；acquire“獲得”。17A.Apart from BInstead ofCRegardless of DExcept for答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文的“Jake is also a motivational speaker”可知，除了打橄欖球之外，Jake 也是一位勵志演講人。apart from“除之外(還有)”；instead of“而不是”；regardless of“不管”；except for “除之外”。18A.share BloseCoffer Ddesire答案與解析：B根據(jù)語境及下文的“I really had no fear”可知，此處指Jake起初是帶著自己沒有任何可失去(lose)的東西的想法開始打橄欖球的。19A.failures BchallengesCpetitions Dfears答案與解析：BJake身有殘疾，所以要面對許多生活中的挑戰(zhàn)(challenges)，而這也使他變得更加堅強。failure“失敗”；petition“競爭”；fear“恐懼”。20A.warned BbeggedCconvinced Dtaught答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文內容可知，此處指的是生活是不公平的，但它告訴Jake不要放棄，要堅持下去。warn“警告”；beg“乞求”；convince“說服”；teach“使明白”。三、七選五(2018合肥市高三第三次教學質量檢測)What Type of College Is Right for You?When deciding what college to apply for, you may feel stressed about what type of campus you want to live in and study on._1_ Do you want to know everybody at your school, or are you looking for more of a college town experience where you meet new people every day?_2_ Are you looking for a liberal arts (文科) school or a more STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) focused college? Maybe you want to attend a school more specific to what you may want to do in the future, like a music or artbased school. Another aspect or factor influencing your decision is the kinds of activities the college offers._3_ Once you start collecting a list of places you are thinking about, the next thing to do is to consult your college counselors and start your applications. When applying to college, make sure to get help and advice from the college counselors, who always have their doors open to keep students on track when it es to the college process. _4_ Keeping them up to date will help the college counselors get their job done and make your application a success.Once those applications are in, the hardest part es next：waiting._5_ As soon as the results e out, you will know which school is right for you, whether it is your top choice or something else down your list.AThe next step is finding what college suits you academically.BThey also invite students to email any questions they may have.COne of the first things that colleges look at is your past school record.DThis is also the time to reflect on which college you are hoping to get into.ESports, the arts and other interests can be a huge part in determining the right school.FChoosing between a larger or smaller campus is the first step to narrow down which college is right for you.GYou should be thinking well in advance about which teachers you want to write remendations.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何選擇適合自己的大學。1答案與解析：F根據(jù)空前的“When deciding what college to apply for，you may feel stressed about what type of campus you want to live in and study on”可知，選擇什么樣的大學校園是你在選擇適合自己的大學時首先要考慮的，故F項與此處匹配。2答案與解析：A根據(jù)空處后一句“Are you looking for a liberal arts(文科)school or a more STEM(science，technology，engineering and maths)focused college”可知，該段主要論述選擇適合自己學科和專業(yè)發(fā)展的學校，故A項符合文意。3答案與解析：E根據(jù)空處前一句“Another aspect or factor influencing your decision is the kinds of activities the college offers”可知，另一個影響你選擇的因素是大學所提供的活動；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承接該句，列舉大學所提供的各種活動，故E項與此處匹配。4答案與解析：B根據(jù)空處前一句“When applying to college，make sure to get help and advice from the college counselors，who always have their doors open to keep students on track when it es to the college process”可知，申請大學時，要跟指導老師保持聯(lián)系；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處將介紹與指導老師聯(lián)系的情況，故B項符合文意。5答案與解析：D根據(jù)空處后一句“As soon as the results e out, you will know which school is right for you，whether it is your top choice or something else down your list”可知，一旦結果出來，你就會知道哪一所學校是適合你的，不管它是不是你的首選；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處說明等候的時間也可以用來考慮你希望進入的學校，故D項正確。四、書面表達最近你校在高三年級學生中對如何填報高考志愿作了一次問卷調查，其結果如下表所示，請根據(jù)圖表中信息簡要介紹這次調查結果約45%的同學認為約55%的同學認為你的觀點1應以個人興趣為主2興趣是成功之母。3被迫學自己不感興趣的專業(yè)是痛苦的。1應以社會需要為主。2將來容易找到工作。3興趣是可以培養(yǎng)和改變的。1如何選擇，是一難題。2參考父母和老師的意見結合社會發(fā)展的需 要。注意：1可以適當發(fā)揮增加細節(jié)以使行文連貫；標題已給出。2詞數(shù)：120個左右。開頭和結尾已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。How to Choose Your Majors and Universities?Every year, before the College Entrance Examination, senior high school graduates have to face the problem of choosing their majors and universities. Recently, our school have made a survey on it. But I believe the best way is to refer to our parents and teachers opinions and at the same time consider our social development needs.【參考范文】書面表達