Unit 1 Festivals around the world一、閱讀理解Im sometimes told，“You have to make your own luck.If you dont try something，how can you succeed？”This is very true for petitions.There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of petitions with great enthusiasm.These people are nicknamed pers.The motivation for being a per is obvious：its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.These prizes can be small or large：from a box of chocolates to a new car，a trip of a lifetime around the world，or even a new house.Isnt that worth peting for?Of course petitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.But one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the UK called Martin Dove.He is a serial per and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.Martin says：“Ive been a per for 40 years.Its like admitting some addiction，isnt it？”He gets respect from other pers and also admits，“Some people have called me the Master of ping，the King of ping，the Guru of ping.But its just a word，just a phrase.Its just because I frequently appeared in the media.”For many，winning remains a dream，but they continue to try their luck as theres always a small chance that they might succeed.But what if you do win? Then you have to ask：how am I going to spend all that money? Some people say that “money cant buy you happiness”What do you think?1What does the author mean by“This is very true for petitions”？Apetitions bring people luck.BOne must be in a petition to win it.CTrying gets people to succeed.DPeople naturally pete with each other.2Who are pers?AThose always standing out in petitions.BThose addicted to entering petitions.CThose often entering petitions for prizes.DThose peting for others recognition.3What does the underlined word“odds”probably mean?APossibility. BInvestment.CImportance. DAdvantage.4What do Martins words suggest?AAny job can offer opportunities.BHe has attracted considerable attention.CPersistence is the key to his success.DHe has set a good example to others.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，闡述了一種社會現(xiàn)象：有些人總是熱衷于參加各種形式的比賽活動，目的就是獲獎。你是否有過類似的經(jīng)歷呢？【難句分析】Of course petitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。that offer money prizes是定語從句，修飾先行詞petitions。 making the odds of winning very unlikely是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。譯文：當然，提供現(xiàn)金獎勵的比賽會吸引成千上萬的人參與，這就使得獲勝的概率變得很小了。1B考查推理判斷。This指的應(yīng)是前面的“If you dont try something，how can you succeed？”，再結(jié)合第二段提到的人們參加比賽贏獎可知，此處指的是對于比賽來說，一個人必須先參與進去然后才有可能贏得比賽，故選B。2C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of petitions.its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize”可知，pers指的是那些頻繁地參加比賽以獲取獎品的人。故選C。3A考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“Of course petitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely”并結(jié)合常識可知，比賽的獎金是有限的，而參賽的人越多，獲獎的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故選A。4B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句及第四段的內(nèi)容尤其是“gets respect from other pers”“Some people have called me the Master of ping，the King of ping，the Guru of ping.But its just a word，just a phrase.Its just because I frequently appeared in the media”可知，Martin經(jīng)常參加比賽，而且得到了一些大獎并贏得了其他參賽者的尊重，甚至一些人稱其為“參賽大師”、“參賽之王”、“參賽專家”。由此可知，Martin得到了廣泛的關(guān)注。故選B。二、單句語法填空1(2017北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.答案：can此處表示能力，要用can。2I think you should apologize to your brother _your rudeness.答案：forapologize to sb. for sth. “因為某事向某人道歉”。3It is surprising that there are still many people in the world _(starve) to death each year.答案：starvingstarve to death “餓死”，people和starve在邏輯上存在主謂關(guān)系，故要用starve的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，作后置定語。4No official _(permit) has been given for the event to take place.答案：permissionofficial permission “官方許可”，在句中是名詞短語作主語。5Forgive others, and you _(forgive)答案：will be forgiven本句是“祈使句，and sb. will do .”句式，本句中forgive和you存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。6The story reminds me _an unforgettable experience I once had.答案：ofremind sb. of sth. “使某人想到某事”。7Contrary to the popular belief _classical music is too plex, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create.答案：that句中belief為一抽象名詞，其后接由that連接的同位語從句進一步解釋說明belief。8Id like to express my _(admire) for the courage and unplaining spirit of the firefighters.答案：admiration由空前的人稱代詞my可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞admiration “敬佩”。9_was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.答案：ItIt is obvious that . “很明顯”。10The judge _(award) him $1,000 in damages.答案：awardedaward在句中是謂語動詞，意為“裁定；判給”。三、完形填空Before he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to1 round the world but failed. That was in 1931. The years passed. He2 flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo 3race across the Atlantic. His 4 dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors thought it was a(n)5attempt, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to 6 his plan. In August, 1966, at the age of nearly 65, an age at which many men 7, he began his greatest 8 of his life. Chichester covered 14, 100 miles9 stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed 10. On shore, he could not walk 11 help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done 12; he must not go any further. 13 he did not listen. After14 in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of lots of 15. The second half of his voyage was by far the more 16 part, during which he sailed round the risky Cape Horn. After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the following radio message to London, “I feel as if I had woken up from a nightmare. Even a wild horse could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that Ocean 17. ”Just before 9 oclock on Sunday evening May 28, 1967, he arrived18 in England, where tens of thousands of people were waiting to wele him. Queen Elizabeth honored him with a very valuable sword. The whole voyage from 19 and back had covered 28, 500 miles. It had taken him nine 20, of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to acplish. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇故事性記敘文。主要講述Francis Chichester喜歡環(huán)游世界。他曾試圖環(huán)球飛行, 但失敗了; 58歲時他贏得了個人帆船橫渡大西洋比賽第一名; 在將近65歲時他開始了一生中最了不起的航程, 獨自一人航海到好望角, 最終伊麗莎白女王二世授予他一把非常珍貴的劍。1. A. runB. travelC. flyD. ride【解析】選C。單槍匹馬駕船環(huán)游世界之前, Francis Chichester已經(jīng)好幾次讓他的朋友們感到吃驚。他曾試圖環(huán)球飛行(fly), 但失敗了。第二段第二句中有提示。 2. A. picked upB. gave upC. lifted upD. made up【解析】選B。 從上下文語境可知他環(huán)球飛行失敗后開始航海了。即放棄(give up)了飛行。3. A. sailingB. flyingC. horsingD. running【解析】選A。從上文可知他開始航海了, 而且后面有the Atlantic大西洋。sailing航行。4. A. newB. horribleC. ambitiousD. old【解析】選D。從句意可知他贏得橫穿大西洋比賽后, 他以前的(old)周游世界的夢想又回來了。old舊的, 老的, 以前的。old符合題意。5. A. crazyB. reasonableC. acceptableD. hopeless【解析】選A。 因為他患了肺癌, 所以他的醫(yī)生和朋友都認為他(環(huán)球航行) 瘋了(crazy)。6. A. find outB. put forwardC. carry outD. bring out【解析】選C。但Chichester決意實施自己的計劃。根據(jù)句意可知他要實施(carry out)自己的計劃。7. A. settle downB. retireC. go sightseeingD. entertain【解析】選B。根據(jù)常識可知, 多數(shù)人在65歲時已經(jīng)退休(retire)了。8. A. workB. flightC. taskD. voyage【解析】選D。句意: 他開始了他一生中最偉大的旅程。從上文可知他要航海(voyage)。9. A. afterB. beforeC. untilD. since【解析】選B。Chichester航行了14 100英里才在澳大利亞的悉尼停下來。before在之前, 比早些, 多久才。根據(jù)句意, B符合題意。10. A. togetherB. happilyC. aloneD. successfully【解析】選C。句意: 這是以前獨自(alone)航行的距離的兩倍多。從后面的文章可知是他一人航行的。11. A. withoutB. forC. withD. beyond【解析】選A。句意: 他上了岸后, 如果沒(without)別人幫助他連路都不能走。12. A. littleB. allC. muchD. enough【解析】選D。分析句意可知, 每個人都說他已經(jīng)做得非常好, 足夠了。 enough充分, 足夠。13. A. Even thoughB. OtherwiseC. ButD. So that【解析】選C。根據(jù)語境可知別人認為他做得足夠了但他卻不聽, 前后意思相反, 故用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的“但是”。14. A. planningB. workingC. restingD. sailing【解析】選C。從上文可知他是停在悉尼, 在那兒休息(rest)了幾周。15. A. helpB. preparationsC. discussionD. objections【解析】選D。從句意可知, Chichester再一次出發(fā), 不顧許多的反對(objection)。16. A. rainyB. dangerousC. interestingD. fortable【解析】選B。從下文的內(nèi)容“I feel as if I had woken up from a nightmare”可知是更危險的(dangerous)。17. A. againB. thenC. finallyD. quickly【解析】選A。根據(jù)句意可知是說即使是一匹野馬再也不能把我拖到好望角和那片海洋上。again表示“再一次”。故選A。 18. A. forwardB. backC. shortlyD. opposite【解析】選B。從下文的“Queen Elizabeth honored him”可知他返回了英國。故back符合題意, 故選B。19. A. EnglandB. AmericaC. FranceD. Australia【解析】選A。從上文可知, 他是從英國出發(fā)的, 故選 A。20. A. seasonsB. weeksC. yearsD. months【解析】選D。句意: 全程他花了9個月的時間, 其中航行的時間是226天, 通過分析可知226天是9 個月中的大部分時間。因此按月計算。故選months。四、單句改錯1The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in the memory of the dead._答案：去掉memory前的thein memory of “為了紀念”。2Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn out sooner or later._答案：outupturn up “出現(xiàn)；露面”。turn out “證明是；結(jié)果是”。3Its possible to hold your breathe for two minutes in practice._答案：breathebreathbreathe是動詞，意為“呼吸”，breath是名詞，hold ones breath意為“屏住呼吸”。4The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they look forward to delivering to them quickly and cheaply._答案：deliveringdelivered句中“they look forward to”是定語從句，先行詞是information。have the information delivered “傳遞/發(fā)送信息”。5Word came the president would be shown around our school._答案：came后加thatWord came that . “消息傳來說”。that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，雖無意義但是不能省略。五、七選五Ways to Stop Doubting YourselfWhat if I dont pass this test? Are my friends just hanging out with me because they feel bad for me? 1._ Stop! The selfdoubt stops right here. Here are some ways to beat negative selftalk and start believing in yourself.Be Aware.The first step towards overing anything is to bee aware of it. By being aware that we are doubting ourselves, we can sooner confirm it and put a stop to it. As we realize our selfdoubt, we will get quicker at confirming and stopping it. See? 2._ Take a Break.Sometimes it is our mind that goes against us. Whenever you find yourself having doubts, take a break. 3._ Ask yourself what made you get into this goal. It will get you to realize why you started it in the first place.4._ Too often we determine how we feel about ourselves according to what other people feel about us. Our selfworth is just dependent upon what we think of ourselves. So we must break free of the chains that tell us our selfworth is recognized by other people.Find Support.5_ Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites. Sometimes we all need to hear something that will get us moving again. We just need to reach out to others who understand us.ATake It Slow.BFree Yourself.CGive yourself time to think.DIts not always easy doing things alone.EThis is already a step in the right direction.FWhat if I never figure out my lifes purpose?GBecause once you give up, no one can help you.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了停止懷疑自己的幾種方法。1F解析：空前面是兩個問句，后面是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一個問句，故選F項。2E解析：由空前的“當我們意識到自我懷疑時，我們可以及時確認并且及時制止?！笨芍颂幈硎具@已經(jīng)是朝著正確方向前進的一步了，所以選E項。3C解析：根據(jù)前一句“Whenever you find yourself having doubts，take a break.”即“無論你什么時候發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有疑問，休息一下”，可知空處應(yīng)是“給自己思考的時間”，故選C項。4B解析：本段的最后一句說明應(yīng)該“解脫自己”，所以選B項。5D解析：根據(jù)“Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites.”可知，空處應(yīng)是“獨自做一些事情是不容易的”，所以選D項。