Unit 4 Pygmalion一、閱讀理解。Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the bottom of a trench.But in reality this “monster”， a black seadevil， is only about 9 cm long， which would make it about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo.While this inaccuracy may seem harmless， it could cause problems for future conservation efforts， as people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scarylooking animals.The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious “monsters”. From 2000 to 2010， scientists described about 1，200 new species in the Census of Marine Life. While this figure may seem astonishing， a further 5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen（標本） jars， waiting to be described.Specimens must be methodically collected， identified， and then the identity of new deepwater species must be confirmed.If we call unusual deepsea animals monsters， then we may harm their conservation as people are unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them.On the other hand， their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites. For other species， this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets. Deepsea species may potentially bee illegally obtained specimens or food. Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to extinction before their species are even known to science.Every habitat on earth is interconnected， and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine ecosystems. In reality， about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms（微生物） in the oceans. This makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them.【解題導語】本文主要從電影里對深海物種的不準確認識，談到了保護深海物種的重要性。1.What can we know about the black seadevil in reality？A.People benefit greatly from the oxygen produced by it.B.Its body size is a big threat to fish like Dory and Nemo.C.Its scary appearance will cause problems for conservation.D.People didnt know much about it when filming Finding Nemo.D解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin”并結合第二段的整體內容可知，拍攝這部電影時，人們對這種物種了解很少，故選D。2.What does the author think of the progress of describing new species？A.Acceptable.BSurprising.C.Unsatisfying. DHopeless.C解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據第四段的最后一句可推知，作者認為科學家對海洋新物種的研究不能令人滿意，故選C。3.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 7 probably refer to？A.Their popularity on social media sites.B.Their rarity among sea creatures.C.Their conservation being harmed.D.Their importance being ignored.A解析：代詞指代題。根據第七段的第一句可推知，此處的this指代上文稀有物種在社交媒體網站上受青睞的狀況，故選A。4.What can we infer about those unusual sea animals？A.They are the lungs and lifeblood of our planet.B.Confirming their identity is very urgent for protection.C.Most of them are being illegally obtained specimens.D.Adorable ones are more likely to be posted on social media sites.B解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段可推知，科學地認知稀有物種對于對這些物種的保護很緊迫，故選B。二、單句語法填空1We had no _ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.答案：hesitationhave no hesitation in doing . “毫不猶豫地做”。2_ (classify) so many books in libraries usually takes them lots of time.答案：Classifying句子中缺少主語，且指一般性情況，故應填動名詞classifying，在句中作主語。3Generally _ (speak), youths of eighteen are too young for such work.答案：speakinggenerally speaking “一般來說”。4What you said has led to the _(mistake) belief that smoking is not harmful.答案：mistaken修飾名詞belief應用形容詞，故填mistaken “錯誤的”。5The school makes it clear that essays from online should not be passed off _being written by the students.答案：aspass . off as . “把看作或冒充成”。6_if we invited them to e here for a party instead?答案：What固定句式what if “倘使/如果將會怎樣？”。7Parents should teach their children to behave _(proper) in public.答案：properly此處應用副詞來修飾動詞behave, 故填properly。8They made rude _(remark) about her appearance.答案：remarksmake remarks/a remark about . “對發(fā)表評論”。9The information you gathered is _ great help to me.答案：of“of抽象名詞”相當于其對應的形容詞，of great helpvery helpful “非常有幫助”。10_(take) according to the instructions, the medicine has no side effect.答案：Taken所給動詞與其邏輯主語medicine之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞作狀語。三、完形填空。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。On the night of October 16th，ing up at ten oclock, my mother prepared what would be my fathers last meal.That week he worked _1_ shifts.He started at midnight.Just after 2 am，the group went for coffee.There was a _2_ that always had to be operated and he said，“Its okay.You guys all _3_ and Ill work it.”The machine would _4_ quickly，occasionally，for one moment Dad made a _5_he didnt pay attention, and his head was stuck in the machine.In panic，the workers _6_ back and cut the base of the machine and transported it with him in the ambulance.Mother was _7_ that there was an accident and to meet at the _8_.My oldest brother Ken，then sixteen, _9_mother there，and my other brother Bob，then fourteen，stayed with me at home.Father died on the road.When we were overe with the _10_，a spokesperson for the hospital _11_ my mother if they could take one of my fathers eyesthey had a person _12_ it.My mother replied，“Yes！”Years later，in the late summer，I was at the Woodlawn Cemetery where my fathers body rests.As I finished _13_ and stood，a man from behind me said，“How are you now，Frank？”Knowing only the _14_，and his friends and coworkers called him “Frank”，I _15_ thought that this man must have _16_ him.As I turned to face him，I replied，“Hes my father.”This man，Frank Bazylak，as I would learn later，replied, “I _17_ with your father for a short time，just over a year，but he made an impact on my life.He was so powerful，so _18_ and so giving.You know，he wasnt meant to be there that day.But that was Frank.”Almost four decades later and from a _19_，there in the cemetery.Id heard _20_ stories about my father.1A.morning BnoonCnight Dafternoon2A.duty BjobCtruck Dmachine3A.stay BgoChide Dwatch4A.move BbreakCchange Dfly5A.decision BdifferenceClife Dmistake6A.walked BrushedClooked Dturned7A.warned BmindedCinformed Dthreatened8A.factory BofficeChospital Dworkplace9A.forted BurgedCcalmed Ddrove10A.sorrow BincidentCtrouble Dtreatment11A.suggested BaskedCpuzzled Dembarrassed12A.caring about Bsuffering fromCturning to Dwaiting for13A.blessing BmissingCpraying Dchatting14A.family BdoctorsCpany Dpolicemen15A.slowly BquicklyCnervously Dcarefully16A.respected BlovedCrecognized Dknown17A.discussed BquarreledCworked Dagreed18A.clever BconsiderateCmodest Dstrict19A.stranger BfriendCcolleague Dbrother20A.wonderful BcheerfulCsad Dfalse【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的爸爸在工廠發(fā)生事故后去世，媽媽在醫(yī)院同意捐獻他的一只眼睛。最后通過與一位陌生人的對話說明了父親的美德?！竞诵脑~匯】shift n輪班operate v操作，動手術occasionally adv.偶爾，間或stuck adj.卡住的，無法移動的panic n恐慌transport v運輸overe vt.克服，控制coworker n同事impact n作用，影響decade n十年1C根據第一段第一句中的“On the night”和空后的“He started at midnight”可知，爸爸應該是上夜班。所以選C。2D根據空后的“had to be operated”和“Ill work it”可知，此處應是一臺機器需要一直有人操作。另外第三段第一句中的“The machine would _4_ quickly”也是提示。3B根據第二段第一句中的“the group went for coffee”以及最后一句中的“Ill work it”可推斷，此處指離開(去喝咖啡)，故選B項。4A根據語境可知，此處是指這臺機器運轉(move)很快。5D根據空后內容可知，此處指爸爸犯了一個錯誤。6B根據上文可知，其他人都去喝咖啡了，所以爸爸的頭卡在機器里時，他們應該是快速趕(rushed)回。7C根據常識可知，爸爸發(fā)生事故，這時應是通知媽媽到醫(yī)院去，所以選C。warn“警告，提醒”；mind“介意”；inform“告知，通知”；threaten“威脅，恐嚇”。8C參見上題解析。9D根據語境并結合選項可知，媽媽要到醫(yī)院去，所以哥哥開車送媽媽去那里。fort“安慰”；urge“催促”；calm“使平靜”；drive“駕車送(人)”。10A根據上文可知，父親的去世使我們處于悲痛之中。be overe with.“受到的極大影響”。11B根據空后內容可知，此處應是詢問(asked)媽媽的意見。puzzle“使困惑”；embarrass“使窘迫”。12D根據語境可以推斷，此處是指一個病人(一直)在等待(waiting for)(有人捐獻)眼睛來治療(自己的眼睛)。care about“關心”；suffer from“遭受”；turn to“轉向，求助于”。13C根據空前的“at the Woodlawn Cemetery”并結合生活常識可知，“我”在墓地完成禱告(praying)。bless“祝福，保佑”。14A根據空后內容并結合語境可知，“我”知道只有家人、爸爸的朋友和同事叫他Frank。所以選項A符合語境。pany“同伴”。15B根據上文內容可知，“我”應是迅速地(quickly)認為這個人一定是認識(known)爸爸的。nervously“神經緊張地”。16D參見上題解析。17C根據空后的“for a short time，just over a year, but he made an impact on my life”和下文中的“he wasnt meant to be there that day”可推知，這個人應該是爸爸的同事，所以空處應指與爸爸一起工作過。quarrel“吵架”。18B根據空前的“powerful”和空后的“giving”同時結合上文已經介紹的爸爸讓所有的同事去喝咖啡，自己一個人留下操作機器以及倒數第二段最后一句可知，爸爸也是一個體貼的(considerate)人。modest“謙虛的”。19A根據文章倒數第二至三段可知，“我”在墓地遇到的人于“我”而言是一位陌生人。colleague“同事”。20A本段是結尾段，也是全文的總結性段落，根據倒數第二段內容可知，文章主要介紹了爸爸的優(yōu)秀品質。故此處應指“我”聽到了令人驚嘆的故事。wonderful“令人驚嘆的”符合語境。四、單句改錯。1The mistakes in your homework shouldnt be overlooking, or youll keep them forever._答案：overlookingoverlookedoverlook與mistakes之間為邏輯上的動賓關系，故應用被動語態(tài)。2In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession._答案：termtermsin terms of “就來說；從角度”。3Fortunate, the fire was discovered soon after it had started._答案：FortunateFortunately副詞作狀語修飾整個句子，故應將fortunate改為fortunately。4The September 11 attack has condemned by the entire international munity._答案：has后加been現在完成時的被動語態(tài)的構成：have been過去分詞。9.11恐怖襲擊應是“被譴責”，故應在has后加been。5When the interview was finished, I was shown in._答案：inoutshow sb. in “帶某人進來”；show sb. out“帶某人出去”。由句意可知后一短語符合語境。五、短文改錯Susans family was terrible poor. One Christmas Eve, Susans father saw that Susan had used piece of gold wrapping paper to decorate a shoebox, where was so precious to their family, and she put it under the Christmas tree. The next morning, Susan takes the box to her dad and said, “This is for you, Dad！” But if he opened it, he found it was empty. “Why do you give me an empty boxes? Dont you know the gold wrapping paper is such expensive to us？” Her dad said angrily. Susan cried, said, “Dad, it isnt empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full.” Hearing of this, the dad felt regretful, he held Susan in his arms but said, “Sorry, my dear, I love you！”答案：Susans family was poor. One Christmas Eve, Susans father saw that Susan had used piece of gold wrapping paper to decorate a shoebox, was so precious to their family, and she put it under the Christmas tree. The next morning, Susan the box to her dad and said, “This is for you, Dad！”But he opened it, he found it was empty. “Why do you give me an empty？ Dont you know the gold wrapping paper is expensive to us？” Her dad said angrily. Susan cried, /， “Dad, it isnt empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full.” Hearing this, the dad felt regretful, he held Susan in his arms said, “Sorry, my dear, I love you！”