The United Kingdom李仕才一、閱讀理解。According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲蟲) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to reevaluate its preys(獵物) position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇科普說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，動物感知時間的能力和它們的生活節(jié)奏有關(guān)，對于快速移動的動物來說，在短時間內(nèi)感知時間的能力決定著它們的生死。文章列舉了家蠅、狗和虎甲蟲等動物，證明了動物感知時間的能力的重要性。1What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?APace of life of animals.BTime perception of animals.CLifetime of small animals.DImpressive abilities of animals.B解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，“According to a team of researchers, an animals ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.”為本文的主題句；結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：動物感知時間的能力和它們的生活節(jié)奏有關(guān)，故B項正確。2What does Kevin Healys comment mean in Para. 2?AThe ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.BThe survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.CAnimals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.DAnimals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Kevin Healy所說的話可知，Kevin Healy認(rèn)為，對于快速移動的動物來說在短時間內(nèi)感知時間的能力決定著它們的生死；據(jù)此可知，該句是說快速移動的動物的生存依賴于它們對時間的感知能力，故B項正確。3Why can houseflies avoid being hit?AThey can think very deeply before they act.BThey can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.CThey can process information as quickly as they receive it.DThey can send information to the brain more quickly than to their eyes.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蠅能比我們在更短的時間內(nèi)感知到物體的運動，這是它們得以避免被拍死的原因，故C項正確。4What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?ATry to run as fast as it can.BPrevent itself from becoming blind.CSlow down to gain its time perception.DStop occasionally to spot the prey again.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段可知，虎甲蟲雖然奔跑的速度快，但是視力跟不上奔跑的速度，需要偶爾停下來重新確定獵物的位置，故D項正確。二、語法填空。In Britain someone who helps children cross the street _1_ (call)“l(fā)ollipop person”， because their sign looks like a lollipop (棒棒糖)The job of a lollipop person is to walk to the middle of the road at a(n) _2_ (suit) time, holding up the sign. It is a legal _3_ (require) for traffic to stop at this command. The lollipop person will signal that it is all right to cross the road _4_ (safe). Traffic may only move once the sign has been lowered.Generally speaking, school crossings are manned for approximately 3 hours a day or less. As a result, the work has always appealed more _5_ people seeking to supplement their income such as _6_ retired.Lollipop people were introduced to enable policemen, _7_ had previously run crossing patrols (巡邏), to perform other duties. The earliest lollipops were red and black rectangles _8_ (say)“Stop, children crossing.”In 2001 in Europe patrollers were given extra powers allowing them _9_ (assist) adults with crossing, too. The most recent change in the history of the School Crossing Patrol saw the word “children” _10_ (replace) with a symbol to bring the UK in line with the rest of the EU (歐盟)1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了英國協(xié)助交通的交通安全員的情況。1is called考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)以及主謂一致。此處描述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；call意為“把叫作”，與主語someone之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；因主語someone是單數(shù)概念，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填is called。2suitable考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示“一個合適的時間”，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語修飾名詞time。故填suitable。3requirement考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示“一個合法的要求”。形容詞legal用來修飾名詞，其前有冠詞a，故用require的名詞形式requirement。4safely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處表示“安全地過馬路”，應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞短語cross the road，故用safe的副詞形式safely。5to考查介詞。appeal to意為“吸引”，為固定短語。故填to。6the考查冠詞?！皌he形容詞”表示一類人。the retired意為“退休的人”，符合語境。故填the。7who考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句“_7_ had previously run crossing patrols (巡邏)”中作主語，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。8saying考查非謂語動詞?？崭裉幾骱笾枚ㄕZ，say與被修飾的名詞“red and black rectangles”之間為主動關(guān)系，意為“寫著”。故填say的現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying。9to assist考查非謂語動詞。allow sb. to do sth. 意為“允許某人做某事”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故填to assist。10replaced考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“看見單詞children被一個符號代替”，replace與saw的賓語“the word”之間為被動關(guān)系，故用replace的過去分詞形式，作saw的賓語補足語。故填replaced。三、完形填空。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。My fianc(未婚夫)and I decided today was the day to treat ourselves to a nice dinner.It _1_ as“our day”，but little did we know that it would turn into much _2_.I didnt want the whole day to be about wanting to _3_ the office for the upcoming(即將到來的)_4_ and I didnt want it to be just another romantic night for two，_5_ I decided to do something to make ourselves and others happy.I began in small ways.I _6_ a few more coins into the food vending machines(自動售貨機)at work for the staff，so that there would be something for the next _7_ worker.I posted smile signs in the hall which gave _8_ instructions on how to smile as _9_ entered the office，either before their morning cup of coffee or right before a meeting with their boss.I drafted some powerful words of inspiration on colorful strips of paper and decorated my _10_ ，so that any colleague who came by might just_11_ for a moment，read，and _12_ change their feeling.When it came time for our lovely dinner to _13_ that night，I left the server a big _14_ and a wellwishing note for her to have a _15_ day.As my fiance and I were just about to leave our table，the waitress _16_ tears beside us.We asked her to _17_ with us and we just listened.As an emotional mothertobe，I _18_ along with her，too.Our table for two was now for _19_.It was a day that was not _20_ ours，but it was the waitressday，my coworkers day，and now its your day too!1A.startedBadaptedCdisappeared Dfinished2A.later BworseCmore Dearlier3A.apply BleaveCfind Dstay4A.party BpicnicCbanquet Ddinner5A.if BthoughCso Dbecause6A.turned BputCmade Dhid7A.full BsleepyCangry Dhungry8A.few BcleanCclear Dpuzzling9A.employees BmanagersCfriends Dbosses10A.home BofficeCrestaurant Dbedroom11A.stop BrunCeat Dbuy12A.never BhardlyCfrequently Dperhaps13A.change BbeginCarise Dend14A.bill BtipCorder Dmenu15A.wonderful BcarefulCbusy Danxious16A.looked into Bcame intoCmade into Dburst into17A.stand up Bsit downCgo away Dstay up18A.smiled BshoutedCcried Dcheered19A.three BfourCfive Dsix20A.ever BusualCjust Deven【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者和她的未婚夫決定一起共進(jìn)晚餐。在這本該屬于他們自己的特殊一天里，作者卻選擇把關(guān)愛和歡樂一同送給同事、餐廳服務(wù)員、甚至是未曾謀面的陌生人，讓愛和溫暖滋潤他人。1A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“but little did we know that it would turn into much _”及下文內(nèi)容可知，這頓晚餐一開始只屬于我們。start意為“開始”，符合語境。故選A。2C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)最后一段中的“but it was the waitress day，my coworkers day, and now its your day too”可知，“我們”的這一天最后卻變得更有意義，是更多人的一天。more 意為“更多”，符合語境。故選C。3B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指吃晚飯前先離開辦公室。leave意為“離開”，符合語境。故選B。4D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“a nice dinner”可知，此處指即將到來的晚餐。故選D。5C考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指作者不想這一天只屬于她和未婚夫，她也想給他人帶來快樂。本句與上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C。6B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境及常識可知，硬幣應(yīng)該是放入自動售貨機。B項意為“放，安置”，符合語境。故選B。7D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“food vending machines(自動售貨機)”可知，此處指在自動售貨機里放入多一些的硬幣，是為了讓下一個肚子餓了來買食物的同事有東西吃。hungry意為“饑餓的”，符合語境。故選D。8C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“instructions”及上文中的“I posted smile signs in the hall”可知，此處指作者在大廳里貼出清晰易懂的笑臉示范。clear意為“清晰易懂的，明白清楚的”，符合語境。故選C。9A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“right before a meeting with their boss”可知，此處應(yīng)指雇員。故選A。10B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“any colleague who came by”可知，作者裝飾的是辦公室。故選B。11A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“for a moment，read”可知，路過的同事們看到激勵的話會停下來讀一讀。故選A。12D考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，作者覺得這些激勵的話可能會改變同事們的心情。此處表推測。故選D。13D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“I left the server.”可推知，此處應(yīng)表示在晚餐結(jié)束要離開的時候。end意為“結(jié)束，終止”，符合語境。故選D。14B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境及常識可知，在離開之前作者給服務(wù)員留下了很豐厚的小費。B項意為“小費”，符合語境。故選B。15A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文及“a wellwishing note”可知，作者的便條是祝愿服務(wù)員有美好的一天。wonderful意為“精彩的，絕妙的”，符合語境。故選A。16D考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，服務(wù)員看到作者的便條感動得哭了。burst into tears意為“突然哭了”，符合語境。故選D。17B考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“with us”可知，作者邀請服務(wù)員坐下來，聽她傾訴。B項意為“坐下”，符合語境。故選B。18C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“As an emotional mothertobe”及語境可知，服務(wù)員突然哭起來，而作者作為一名感性的孕婦也陪她哭了起來。故選C。19A考查數(shù)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，作者夫婦和服務(wù)員一起坐著，因此一共是三個人。故選A。20C考查副詞辨析。句意為：這一天已經(jīng)不僅僅是屬于我們的，也是屬于服務(wù)員的、我的同事的而且現(xiàn)在也是你們的。just意為“僅僅”，符合語境。故選C。四、短文改錯。 Last month, I, as well as my parents, were invited to my uncles home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. She met us at the airport. I was exciting when I set my foot on the land of America. In the followed days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History so it enriched our knowledge great. For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips which I have ever made in my life and I am looking forward to go there again.答案： Last month, I, as well as my parents, invited to my uncles home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. met us at the airport. I was when I set my foot on the land of America. In the days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History it enriched our knowledge . For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips I have ever made in my life and I am looking forward to there again.難項分析：第一處：werewas考查主謂一致。主語后接as well as引導(dǎo)的短語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由前面的主語來決定。故were改為was。第四處：excitingexcited考查形容詞。此處指人內(nèi)心的感受，所以用ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。故exciting改為excited。第九處：whichthat考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞前由形容詞最高級修飾，關(guān)系詞只能用that不能用which。五、七選五 我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，需要轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，改變粗放式增長模式，不斷優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化，推動城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化因：我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展還面臨區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、城鎮(zhèn)化水平不高、城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡不協(xié)調(diào)等現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn)。