選修7 Unit 4 課下作業(yè)（一三）課下作業(yè)（一） 考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)針對(duì)練.單詞拼寫1After the terrible earthquake, the government conveyed (運(yùn)送) people to safer places.2I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have arisen (出現(xiàn))3Once you have undertaken (承諾) it, you should do it.4Do you mind if I postpone (推遲) that appointment until next week?5The truck was carrying a load (大量) of sand.6You can enlarge (擴(kuò)大) your knowledge and learn some English at the same time.7The performance runs two hours thirty minutes including an interval (間隔)8Would you please make my reservation (預(yù)訂) to Chicago for tomorrow? 9World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7 April, which marks the anniversary (周年紀(jì)念日) of WHO.10I felt as if there was a weight on my chest, choking (使窒息) me.11A dozen ideas were considered before the architect (建筑師) decided on the design of the building.12The scientists are still working on inventing methods of reaching outer (外部的) space.13He divided the field into different sections (部分), where different vegetables were grown.14The Oxford English Dictionary is the best authority (權(quán)威) on English words.單句語(yǔ)法填空1Unfortunately(unfortunate), due to unforeseen circumstances, this years show has been cancelled.2Cyclists (cycle) are advised to wear helmets to reduce the risk of head injury.3I just want you to answer the question in a concrete and believable (unbelievable) phrase.4Weve seen an enormous growth (grow) in the number of businesses using the Web.5A major enquiry (enquire) is underway after the death of a union official.6He put through an important business deal over the weekend.7A large reception (receptionist) was held in honor of the brave explorers.8The research shows that puter games may cause aggression (aggressive)9I reserve my favorable ments for my former monitor.10The expert talked about how to make our statistical system link up with the international standards.單句改錯(cuò)1Owing to the bad weather, we decided to postpone leave.leaveleaving2I have taught some foreigners Mandarin for two years, which can help to take a load from your mind. fromoff3The manager undertook to improving the working arrangements in six months. improvingimprove4Its getting dark.I must be off now.OK, please take care and convey my best wishes with your family.withto5These changes arose differences in climate and nature.arose后加from6Why not to write to her? She needs your advice.去掉第一個(gè)to7On the chairs sitting three graduates, who came here for this job interview.sittingsat8His breaking the rules resulted from his being fined.fromin.完成句子1The countrys present difficulties arise_from/out_of the shortage of petroleum.這個(gè)國(guó)家當(dāng)前的困境是由石油短缺造成的。2They undertook_to_finish_the_task by Monday.他們答應(yīng)在星期一之前完成任務(wù)。3Id like to make_a_reservation of the ticket flying to London for July 5.我想預(yù)訂7月5日飛往倫敦的機(jī)票。4How long will it take to load_the_coal_onto_the_truck?裝一卡車煤需要多少時(shí)間？5I find it hard to convey_my_feelings in words at the moment.我發(fā)現(xiàn)此刻難以用言語(yǔ)表達(dá)我的感情。6Its_up_to_you_to_decide whether to carry out this plan or not.應(yīng)該由你來(lái)決定是否實(shí)施這一計(jì)劃。7My work is_linked_with/to previous research.我的工作和以前的研究相聯(lián)系。8Why_dont_you_give_him_another_chance? After all, everybody makes mistakes.為什么不再給他一次機(jī)會(huì)呢？畢竟，每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。課下作業(yè)（二） 話題閱讀培優(yōu)練.根據(jù)提示填空The amount of time that people spend on travel is 1.1 hours per person per day in all societies. The average distance (distant) traveled is 7,400 miles (12,000 km) per year. In total, the world population travels more than 16.6 trillion miles (23 trillion km) per year, 53% of which is by car, 26% by bus, 9% by rail, 9% by highspeed_transport (高速運(yùn)輸) such as airplanes, and 3% by bicycle, boat and other means.It is estimated (估計(jì)) that, due to developments in highspeed public transport, travel time will drop to only 12 minutes per person per day by 2050. Of the_global_traffic_volume (全球交通流量), 35% will be by car, 20% by bus, 41% by highspeed transport, and 4% by rail.At present, traffic_congestion (交通擁堵) has a huge negative economic and environmental impact (影響) across the world. Road congestion in the UK costs the UK economy 15 billion a year. It costs the US D|S100 billion a year. In Seattle, Washington for instance, a driver (司機(jī)) spends an average (平均) of 59 hours caught in traffic each year. In the greater Seattle area there are more cars than people; each household makes an average of 10 motorcar trips a day. According to Sierra Club，“American cars and trucks account_for (占) 20 percent of the worlds petroleum consumption (consume)”The US has the most highways (highway), but European roads are busier. In Europe, cars travel more than 600 miles (1,000 km) per road per year, pared to an average of 500 km per road in the US. The worlds worst traffic_jam (交通堵塞) usually occurs during the summer on the road from Paris to Toulouse, France.片段選詞填空popularity， benefit， monthly， service， available， make a reservation， pay for， car sharing， make a big trip to， have access toCar sharing is another way to drive green thats gaining in popularity,_especially in urban areas. People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事) or drive on weekends benefit most from car_sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are nonprofit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have_access_to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city, so members only need to make_a_reservation,_and then go to the pickup spot.Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it lessens the number of cars on the road. Members dont drive just because they have a car. They plan trips, and if they dont need a car, they dont use one. Still, a car is available to them if they need to make_a_big_trip_to the grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They usually dont have to pay_for gas, insurance or maintenance (保養(yǎng))，and the monthly membership fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but arent ready to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.課下作業(yè)（三） 高考語(yǔ)篇提能練.閱讀理解A(2019湖北七市聯(lián)考)Real literary travelers often travel to the birthplace or residence of a writer, or to the setting of a famous scene. Weve prepared a small list of literary travel destinations.London, EnglandIn London, literary landmarks are so mon that “blue plaques” are often found on the homes or schools of famous writers. They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites. One can be found at 221B Baker Street the apartment of famous fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. But watch out for false plaques, such as the Jacob Von Hogflumes, where the inventor of time travel would live in 2189.To truly experience literature in person, you can also visit StratforduponAvon, the birthplace of William Shakespeare, and watch nightly performances of his plays.Rome, Italy“Go to Rome at once the Paradise，The grave, the city, and the wilderness .”This is from an elegy (挽歌) to John Keats, who traveled to Rome in the hope that the air would cure his illness but died within three months. Despite the fact that Keats visit was a quick one, Rome has a reminder of it the KeatsShelley House.Just across the street is the Antico Caff Greco, a cafe frequented by famous authors like Dickens, Byron, Shelley ., but you probably get the idea that this is somewhere any literary traveler has to go.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇旅游指南，向文學(xué)旅行者介紹了倫敦和羅馬的幾個(gè)文學(xué)旅行景點(diǎn)。1According to the passage, true literary travelers are less likely to visit _.A221B Baker StreetBthe Jacob Von HogflumesCStratforduponAvonDthe KeatsShelley House解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)London, England部分中的“But watch out for false plaques, such as the Jacob Von Hogflumes”中的關(guān)鍵詞“watch out for”(留意)和“false”(假的)可知，B項(xiàng)正確。2Whats the function of “blue plaques” in London?ATo confuse literary travelers.BTo introduce famous English writers.CTo show nightly performances.DTo represent famous literary landmarks.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)London, England部分中的“They have been introduced to show wellknown literary sites”可知，藍(lán)牌代表著名的文學(xué)地標(biāo)，故D項(xiàng)正確。3Why is the Antico Caff Greco favored by literary travelers?AIt is famous for offering coffee of high quality.BIt was regularly visited by many famous writers.CIt is located opposite the KeatsShelley House.DIt is regarded as a reminder of Rome.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rome, Italy部分中的“a cafe frequented by famous authors”可知B項(xiàng)正確。B(2019沈陽(yáng)模擬)SYDNEY Visitors to an Australian tourist hotspot have been advised to use umbrellas to protect themselves against dingo attacks, according to research.Fraser Island, off the coast of Queensland, offers a rare opportunity to observe the native wild dogs, but people can occasionally meet dingoes acting in a threatening or aggressive manner toward them, resulting in human injury and, in one tragic case, death, according to a research paper published on Thursday in the Pacific Conservation Biology scientific journal.Reviewing a wide range of measures to help manage wild animals, the researchers said moves to minimize harm from dingoes have included electric fencing and warning signs.However, “strong umbrellas” and “mild chemical irritant (刺激性的) sprays” could also offer personal protection.Australian dingoes, which feature remarkably in native culture but are also viewed as a threat to livestock in some areas, are listed as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.The mediumsized dogs have broad heads, pointed muzzles, and red or yellow coats, and are found across the country except Tasmania, according to government agency Tourism Australia.Fraser Island stretches over 123 kilometres in length and 22 kilometres at its widest point.With an area of 184,000 hectares, it is the largest sand island in the world.The island prides attractions such as its superb scenery and humpback whales, and is also home to the most pure strain of dingoes remaining in eastern Australia.By bringing up instances of how an umbrella “rapidly opened in front of charging bears was enough to cause them to stop or move back”， the researchers said “an open, strong umbrella may also serve as useful protection against a dingo making a very close approach.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了澳洲野犬會(huì)對(duì)人類造成傷害，建議來(lái)澳大利亞的游客用雨傘來(lái)保護(hù)自己，不被澳洲野犬傷害。4Which of the following is TRUE about Australian dingoes?AThey are fierce and big.BThey are native and famous in Australia.CThey can be found in every island of Australia.DThey often cause harm to humans and livestock.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“the native wild dogs”和第四段第一句中的“which feature remarkably in native culture”可知，本題答案選B。5They are all attractions of Fraser Island EXCEPT _.AbearsBdingoesCsceneryDhumpback whales解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知， 弗雷澤島上的看點(diǎn)有優(yōu)美的景色、座頭鯨和澳洲野犬，不包括熊，故選A項(xiàng)。6We can learn from the last paragraph that _.Adingoes are as dangerous as bears in AustraliaBpeople always use umbrellas to frighten away bearsCif umbrellas work on bears, so do they on dingoesDthe umbrellas are specially designed against bears and dingoes解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可推斷，如果雨傘對(duì)熊起作用的話，那么對(duì)澳洲野犬也會(huì)起作用，故本題選C。C(2019蘭州診斷)In the last few years, you may have noticed the term “microplastics” in the news. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic from discarded (丟棄的) plastic bottles, bags and containers that end up in rivers, lakes and oceans. Because they are so tiny and hard to see, researchers set sail to collect water samples and estimate the amount of plastic in the ocean. The 5 Gyres Institute, an organization aimed at reducing plastic pollution in our oceans, estimates that 296,000 tons of plastic is floating in the worlds oceans. But, if you think that oceans are the only water bodies with a microplastics problem, think again the problem is also reported in the Chesapeake Bay, in our own backyard.In a partnership with the 5 Gyres Institute, Trash Free Maryland took to the Chesapeake Bay in November to study the presence of microplastics in the water. Setting out from Deale, Maryland, the research team collected seven samples by dragging a trawl (拖網(wǎng)) for an hour at a time. The trawl was fitted with a coneshaped (錐形的) net, whose holes measure 330 microns (微米) wide, about the width of two to three strands of human hair. Water flows through the main opening and the fine mesh (網(wǎng)眼) of the net ensures anything suspended in the water is trapped behind.In seven samples, the net picked up algae (海藻), trash, foam and plastic. According to the 5 Gyres Institute representative, the first sample collected contained almost 10 times the amount of plastic than would be collected in a typical ocean sample. The plastic found in the Chesapeake Bay samples included bits of bags, sheeting, fishing lines and microbeads, which are small plastic scrubbers (磨砂) found in the face wash, toothpaste and cleaning products. Microbeads in particular are a major source of microplastics pollution worldwide. They are small enough to bypass water treatment systems filters (過(guò)濾器) and end up in waterways. Scientists warn that chemicals and toxins (毒素) absorbed by microbeads and other microplastics could be passed on to organisms who mistake them for food and eat them, and could then be passed up higher and higher on the food chain, eventually reaching humans.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)介紹塑料微粒，人們能更多地了解塑料帶給環(huán)境的污染。7What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe description of the trawl.BThe basic data of the water samples.CThe process of collecting water samples.DThe introduction of Trash Free Maryland.解析：選C段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“the research team collected seven samples by dragging a trawl (拖網(wǎng)) for an hour at a time”可知，第二段主要介紹收集水樣的過(guò)程。8What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to?ABits of bags.BChemicals.CMicrobeads.DMicroplastics.解析：選C代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前一句的“Microbeads in particular are a major source of microplastics pollution worldwide”可知，They在此處指前文提到的Microbeads。9How does the author prove plastic pollution can be harmful to peoples health?ABy analyzing the data.BBy making parisons.CBy giving some examples.DBy referring to scientists views.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Scientists warn that chemicals and toxins (毒素) absorbed by microbeads . eventually reaching humans”可知，通過(guò)參考科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)作者證明了塑料污染對(duì)人體健康有害。10Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo explain some new scientific terms to people.BTo let people learn more about plastic pollution.CTo urge governments to make environmental laws.DTo tell people some new findings in scientific research.解析：選B寫作目的題。根據(jù)文章的描述可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是讓人們更多地了解塑料污染。.閱讀七選五(2019廣州綜合測(cè)試)Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. _1_ Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they wont be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. _2_ Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic (診斷的) tool.Ozcans invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, dont have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. _3_ With Ozcans mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central puter at a hospital. The puter will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes._4_ His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology mobile phones, Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effective almost anywhere. _5_AAnother reason why Ozcans invention is important is that it is inexpensive.BEven though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you might die because of the delay.CPeople are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.DOzcans simple, costeffective tool might just save millions of lives around the world.EThis tool has bee much more popular all around the world.FYou bee very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.GAs a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，醫(yī)生救助病人比較困難，工程師Andy Ozcan發(fā)明的診斷疾病的工具一種手機(jī)軟件解決了這一難題。該工具僅需手機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，成本低廉，使用簡(jiǎn)單。1解析：選F根據(jù)空前一句并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，假如你在一個(gè)沒(méi)有醫(yī)療診所的偏遠(yuǎn)村莊并且病得很重，你也必須等待數(shù)天才能得到幫助，故F項(xiàng)與上文銜接緊密。2解析：選B根據(jù)空前的“Once the doctors get to you . to find out what is wrong”可知，醫(yī)生到達(dá)后檢查你的身體并采集血樣，但是他們無(wú)法立即幫助你，直到他們把血樣帶回醫(yī)院去檢測(cè)哪兒出了問(wèn)題；據(jù)此可知，即便你只是患有普通的感染，你也可能會(huì)因?yàn)檠诱`而死，故B項(xiàng)正確。3解析：選G根據(jù)空前一句可知，例如，許多醫(yī)生因訓(xùn)練有限而無(wú)法正確診斷他們所看到的病情；因此，他們?cè)\斷出的疾病可能會(huì)不準(zhǔn)確，故G項(xiàng)與此處匹配。4解析：選A根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主題句；由該段內(nèi)容及第二段第一句可知，該段主要說(shuō)明這個(gè)發(fā)明很重要的另一個(gè)原因，故A項(xiàng)正確。5解析：選D根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容尤其是“Therefore, it can be effective almost anywhere”可知，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用，這個(gè)發(fā)明幾乎可以在任何地方使用；據(jù)此可知，這種簡(jiǎn)單且合算的產(chǎn)品將可能挽救全世界數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的生命，故D項(xiàng)正確。