Unit 24 Society課時(shí)練(一)閱讀理解組塊專練練速度(限時(shí)：35分鐘).閱讀理解A(2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè)卷六)Dont miss out on student petitions available from NASA.Check this page often for new additions.NASA_Earth_&_Space_Air_PrizeAudience: Higher Education StudentsRegistration Deadline: Dec.13, 2017The petition asks individuals to design and develop sensors (探測(cè)裝置) useful in spaceflight as well as on Earth.Three finalists will receive 50,000 each to build a functioning sensor according to their suggestions.The winner will receive a 100,000 award.Future_Engineers:_Two_for_the_Crew_ChallengeAudience: K12 StudentsRegistration Deadline: Dec.19, 2017Use your head to create a tool that bines the functions of two objects already being used by crew aboard the International Space Station! Visit the Challenge Website to find out about space station tools and to get brainstorming resources to help you create a design.The site provides links to free 3D design software.The winning design will be 3D printed on the station.Prizes include “3D Printing in Space” prize packs, a 3D printer for your school and a trip to Washington, DC.!Mission_X_2018:_Train_Like_an_Astronaut_Walk_to_the_Moon_ChallengeAudience: All Educators and Students, Home School Parents and Afterschool GroupsRegistration Deadline: Dec.31, 2017Mission X encourages children of all ages to seek healthy lifestyles based on training like an astronaut.In 2018, Mission X is challenging fit explorers around the world to work together to perform activities in which all will move online mascot (吉祥物) Astro Charlie the 478 million steps required to walk from the Earth to the moon! Thats 238,857 miles, or 384,403 kilometers! The challenge starts in January.Visit the website for full challenge details.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局主辦的面向不同層次的學(xué)生的三項(xiàng)競(jìng)賽。1Who is NASA Earth & Space Air Prize most likely intended for?AHigh school students.BHome school parents.CCollege students. DCollege educators.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NASA Earth & Space Air Prize部分中的“Audience: Higher Education Students”可知，此項(xiàng)比賽主要針對(duì)的是受過高等教育的學(xué)生；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，只有C項(xiàng)“大學(xué)生”符合文章內(nèi)容。故選C。2What can we know about the “Mission X 2018”？AIt kicks off in the year of 2018.BIt aims to find potential astronauts.CIt allows of an experience of flying.DIt provides participants with cash prizes.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分中的“The challenge starts in January”及“Registration Deadline: Dec.31, 2017”可知，Mission X 2018這項(xiàng)競(jìng)賽在2018年開始。故選A。3Whats the purpose of this passage?ATo call on people to visit NASA.BTo stress the importance of creativity.CTo introduce the development of NASA.DTo attract people to NASA petitions.解析：選D寫作意圖題?？v觀全文尤其是第一段中的“Dont miss out on student petitions available from NASA”可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局主辦的面向不同層次的學(xué)生的競(jìng)賽，目的是吸引他們?nèi)⒓印９蔬xD。B(2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè)卷二)Back in January, I was watching a college football game and came to a realization: As a high school senior, pretty soon, Ill be the same age as some of the top athletes in the world.This realization was both confusing and forting. Until this point, Id always thought of top athletes in another generation. I had no real connection to people in the news or playing sports on TV because they were so much older. But pretty soon, people of my age will be the ones dominating (支配) the news.The fort came in understanding that as I prepare to graduate from Sanford H. Calhoun High School in Merrick, Im not that far off from entering the real world, and I will have a chance to make a name for myself.Right now, Im at the end of one of life stages, with many more to e. As seniors, many in my class developed superiority_plexes. Wed see babyfaced ninthgraders and think, “Ugh, those annoying freshmen.” Or wed hear juniors plain about starting the college application process and say to each other, “Those juniors have no idea what theyre talking about.” Of course, last years seniors said the same thing about last years juniors, repeating a timeless cycle.Psychologist and author Thomas Armstrong writes that life is made up of 12 stages. He stresses that no stage is more important than another, and each has its own unique gifts. There is no highest point in life, no impressive ending when you are above everybody else. At the same time, there is no lowest point in life; at no point is a human worthless and below others. Just as an infant isnt below everyone else, our elders arent above everyone else.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在觀看足球比賽時(shí)意識(shí)到自己將和一些優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員同歲，并由此引發(fā)了其對(duì)高中生活和人生的感悟。4What can we know about the author?AHell finish his high school studies about one year later.BReflecting on the past is a part of his daily routine.CFootball is a particular favorite with him.DHe dreams of being an excellent athlete.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“As a high school senior”可知，作者作為高中畢業(yè)班學(xué)生，會(huì)在大約一年后完成自己的高中學(xué)業(yè)。故選A。5Why did the author find his realization forting?AThe top athletes are the same age as him.BThere is a possibility that he can be famous.CHe will be admitted to his dream university.DHes made full preparations for entering society.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“I will have a chance to make a name for myself”可知，作者覺得自己的感悟中令人欣慰的部分是他很快就會(huì)步入真正的世界，也將有機(jī)會(huì)讓自己出名。make a name“出名，成名”。故選B。6What does the underlined phrase “superiority plexes” in Paragraph 4 mean?AA habit of making plaints.BA habit of following in others footsteps.CA feeling that you are better than others.DA feeling that others are unapproachable.解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Wed see babyfaced ninthgraders and think . repeating a timeless cycle”可知，該段主要講的是作為畢業(yè)班學(xué)生，作者的很多同學(xué)會(huì)在新生面前自以為是，或者嘲笑那些抱怨大學(xué)申請(qǐng)過程(復(fù)雜)的低年級(jí)學(xué)生，即高年級(jí)學(xué)生會(huì)在低年級(jí)學(xué)生面前產(chǎn)生一種優(yōu)越感，故畫線詞的意思應(yīng)為“優(yōu)越感”。故選C。7What message is conveyed in the last paragraph?ALife is meant to be lived and enjoyed.BLife is never smooth, full of ups and downs.COne should try to reach his greatest potential.DEveryone has their own value and position in life.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“at no point is a human worthless and below others. Just as an infant isnt below everyone else, our elders arent above everyone else”可知，在任何時(shí)候人都是有價(jià)值的，不低于他人，亦不高于他人，即每個(gè)人在生活中都有自己的價(jià)值和位置。故選D。C(2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè)卷五)Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare or provide support for others in their munity tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany.Having fulltime custody (監(jiān)護(hù)) of grandchildren can have a negative effect on health, but occasional helping can be beneficial for seniors.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70 in the Berlin Aging Study.The participants pleted interviews and medical tests every two years.The researchers did not include any grandparents who were the primary caregivers for their grandchildren, only those who cared for grandchildren occasionally.The study team pared this group with seniors who provided support for nonfamily members, such as friends or neighbors, and seniors who did not provide any care for other people.Overall, after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, pared with grandparents who did not provide any childcare.Half of the grandparents who cared for grandchildren were still alive ten years after the initial interview.The same was true for participants who did not have grandchildren but supported their adult children in some way, such as helping with housework.In contrast, about half of the participants who did not help others died within five years after the start of the study.“Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Arpino, adding that previous studies suggest that caregiving may improve cognitive (認(rèn)知的) functioning, mental and physical health.Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health, and too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering.“Children should take into consideration their parents needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” Arpino suggested.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶爾幫忙照看孩子或者給社區(qū)的其他人提供幫助的老年人會(huì)更長(zhǎng)壽。8What does the study from Berlin focus on?AThe problems faced by grandparents providing childcare.BWhether grandparents should provide childcare.CHow grandparents can help out with childcare.DThe benefits of childcare on grandparents.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare .other people”及下文的內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶爾幫忙照看孩子或者給社區(qū)的其他人提供幫助的老年人比那些不關(guān)心他人的老年人活得更久。由此可知，該研究的關(guān)注點(diǎn)是兒童照管給老年人帶來(lái)的好處。故選D。9Whats Arpinos attitude toward caregiving?ADoubtful. BObjective.CNegative. DFavorable.解析：選B觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active”及第六段中的“caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health, and too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities”可知，Arpino既肯定了兒童看護(hù)對(duì)老年人的好處，也說明了過多的看護(hù)責(zé)任可能會(huì)帶來(lái)的不利影響，因此Arpino對(duì)讓老年人看護(hù)兒童所持的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B。10Which statement may Arpino agree with?AGrandparents are really the best choice for childcare.BThere is a growing trend toward grandparenting.CChildcare provides more opportunities for the elder.DProper amounts of childcare make grandparents live longer.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句和最后一段中的“Children should take into consideration their parents needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare”可知，Arpino可能認(rèn)可的言論是適量的兒童看護(hù)可能會(huì)使老年人更長(zhǎng)壽。故選D。11Why does the author write the passage?ATo present the findings of a study.BTo tell the senior how to live longer.CTo stress the importance of childcare.DTo give advice on looking after the aged.解析：選A寫作意圖題。縱觀全文可知，本文主要向讀者介紹了一項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，即偶爾幫忙照看孩子或者給社區(qū)的其他人提供幫助的老年人會(huì)更長(zhǎng)壽。故作者寫作本文的意圖是告訴人們這一研究的結(jié)果。故選A。D(2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè)卷三)The last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents.But through working as a parttime skating instructor and restaurant server, she isnt able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households (家庭) have always been a part of American life.However, the number of young adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.UBS Financial Services released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesnt want them to leave.The report shows that 74 percent of millennials (千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. It finds that millennials have redefined the ties that connect parents and children. Millennials see their parents as peers (同齡人), friends and instructors. Nearly three quarters talked with their parents more than once a week during college.In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them.Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Group in the US, said the number of young adults striking out on their own fell during the Great Recession.Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesnt necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest.He said, “They may like living at home and being able to save money.”“Theres no doubt it has held back household formation and purchases of things people spend money on related to household formation and perhaps related to childraising，” Hoffman explained.“But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they dont have a house expense or marriage.I dont know if it represents a change in moral values.But its much more mon for adult children to live in their parents homes because its being part of the culture.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在西方的傳統(tǒng)觀念中，成年即意味著要離開父母，獨(dú)立生活。然而現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的西方年輕人更傾向于與父母同住。12What can be learned about Caitlin Hipp?AShe is in her thirties.BShe is ambitious for her career.CShe can barely make ends meet.DShe prefers living with her parents.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“But through working as a parttime skating instructor and restaurant server, she isnt able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home”可知，如果不住在家里，通過作兼職滑冰教練和餐館服務(wù)員，Hipp是不能賺取足夠的錢來(lái)獨(dú)立生活的，即她很難維持生計(jì)。故選C。13Whats the reason for young adults living at home according to UBS Financial Services?AThe lack of job opportunity.BTheir parents need for them.CThe high pressure from modern life.DTheir parents overprotection of them.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesnt want them to leave”可知，據(jù)瑞銀金融服務(wù)公司發(fā)布的報(bào)告顯示，越來(lái)越多的年輕人住在家里的一個(gè)原因是他們的父母不想讓他們離開，即他們的父母需要他們。故選B。14What does Hoffman think of young adults living at home?AIt will never go out of fashion.BIt may allow of more travel chances.CIt results from the change in moral values.DIt goes against Americas cultural development.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they dont have a house expense or marriage”可知，在Hoffman看來(lái)，年輕人住在家里可能會(huì)使他們擁有更多的旅游機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。15What is the authors purpose of writing this passage?ATo introduce different types of living arrangements.BTo stress the importance of financial independence.CTo inform people of a social phenomenon in the US.DTo explain why American young adults still live at home.解析：選C寫作意圖題?？v觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了在美國(guó)，越來(lái)越多的年輕人傾向于與父母同住的這樣一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，故C項(xiàng)最能概括作者寫作本文的目的。.閱讀七選五(2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測(cè)卷二)Being first in your class is a goal that you can work toward, but you must set it for yourself from the first day of high school. _16_Read beyond assigned reading. Following your course outline and doing all of your assigned reading are important. But to pull ahead to first rank, you also need to read books that can provide that extra information you need. _17_ Prepare an extra credit report based on what you learn._18_ Dont just physically sit in the chair. Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. Take leadership roles whenever theyre offered. If the class has a debating team, take part in it often and e prepared with notes and references for every debate.Ask for help when you see you need it. Balancing different classes and assignments can make it difficult to keep up in every subject. If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, dont struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary. _19_ Show an interest in your classmates. Your teacher will notice.Ask your teacher for extra credit assignments, particularly if you receive a disappointing grade in a subject. Dont merely accept the mark. Do everything you can to raise it.Stay physically fit. _20_ Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies. But be disciplined (有條理的). Schedule a study period for each day and stick to it.AFinish your homework in time.BParticipate in teamwork in class.CGet plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities.DTry these tips along your way to help you get that first rank in your class.EConcentrate on what your teacher explains so that you can grasp the main points.FSimilarly, if you do well in a subject, tell your teacher youre available to help others.GIf youre studying World War ， for instance, read biographies of the important players.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，就如何成為班級(jí)的第一名提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。16解析：選D根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容及空后列舉的幾條建議可知，此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)起承上啟下作用的句子，故D項(xiàng)“在(向著這個(gè)目標(biāo)前進(jìn)的)途中嘗試這些建議來(lái)幫助你成為班級(jí)的第一名”符合語(yǔ)境。17解析：選G根據(jù)本段的主旨句“Read beyond assigned reading”可知，本段主要講的是要閱讀老師布置的閱讀材料之外的東西，再結(jié)合空處前后的內(nèi)容可知，G項(xiàng)“例如，如果你正在學(xué)習(xí)第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，就去讀一讀(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的)重要參與者的自傳”符合語(yǔ)境?！癰iographies of the important players”是對(duì)上文中的“extra information”的具體說明。18解析：選B根據(jù)下文中的“Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams”和“If the class has a debating team, take part in it”可知，本段主要講的是關(guān)于參與班級(jí)的集體活動(dòng)方面的內(nèi)容，故B項(xiàng)“在課堂中參與團(tuán)隊(duì)合作”符合語(yǔ)境。19解析：選F根據(jù)本段的主旨句“Ask for help when you see you need it”及空后一句可知，空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)是與幫助同學(xué)有關(guān)，故F項(xiàng)“同樣地，如果你某門功課學(xué)得好，告訴你的老師你可以幫助其他人”符合語(yǔ)境。20解析：選C根據(jù)本段的主旨句“Stay physically fit”可知，本段主要講的是要保持身體健康。再結(jié)合下文中的“Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors”可知，此處說明的應(yīng)是保持身體健康的方式，故C項(xiàng)“通過集體活動(dòng)或個(gè)人活動(dòng)獲得大量的鍛煉”符合語(yǔ)境。課時(shí)練(二)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用組塊專練練準(zhǔn)度(限時(shí)：30分鐘).完形填空(2019貴陽(yáng)監(jiān)測(cè))There was a little, but always strange girl. Everything was bad for her. She wished to meet an enchantress (女魔法師) that would turn her life a(n) _1_ tale.One day an enchantress came and said that one of her wishes would _2_. The girl became very happy at first, but then she started to think that she had a lot of wishes and all of them were _3_ for her. She could not _4_ just one. Then the _5_ enchantress said that she would help her realize one wish every day. The girl became _6_ now all her dreams will bee realities.From that day on, she was waiting every morning with joy and _7_. Then as days passed, the dreams became real ones . But soon the little girl realized that _8_ of the wishes did not give her joy and happiness which she _9_ for. Many wishes brought her disappointment, and some _10_ pains. Almost every dream was an empty little girls caprice (任性). Though being _11_， she suddenly found that she did not _12_ this. Soon she started to _13_ the dreams. She was afraid to _14_ every day, waiting for the realization of another wish. Crying, she asked the enchantress to _15_ only one dream to live as she lived _16_ and enjoy life.The good enchantress had _17_ upon the little girl. She waved her magic wand and disappeared. The girl was happy _18_ she knew that now she would carefully seek for her one big _19_ dream, not wasting time with shortterm, _20_， quite unnecessary wishes.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇寓言故事，講述了一個(gè)小女孩遇到了一位女魔法師，她答應(yīng)每天實(shí)現(xiàn)小女孩一個(gè)愿望以及小女孩在這個(gè)過程中所明白的道理。1A.funny BoutstandingCfairy Dextraordinary解析：選C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，小女孩的生活很糟糕，她希望遇到一位女魔法師，把她的生活變成童話。fairy tale“童話”。2A.give out Be trueCe out Dgive off解析：選B根據(jù)下文中的“The girl became very happy at first”可知，此處為她的愿望中的一個(gè)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)(e true)。3A.mysterious BhumorousCimportant Dprivate解析：選C根據(jù)上文可知，小女孩有很多愿望，下文提到“She could not _ just one”，所以此處應(yīng)是指所有的愿望對(duì)她來(lái)說都很重要(important)，她無(wú)法只選擇一個(gè)。4A.remind BchooseCchange Dguess解析：選B參見上題解析。choose“選擇”；remind“提醒”；guess“猜測(cè)”。5A.kind BstrictCmagical Doptimistic解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“enchantress said that she would help her realize one wish every day”可知，女魔法師說她每天都會(huì)幫助小女孩實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)愿望，因此她是善良的(kind)。最后一段中的“The good enchantress”也是提示。6A.weaker BprouderCluckier Dhappier解析：選D善良的女魔法師答應(yīng)她每天都能實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)愿望，所以這個(gè)小女孩變得更加高興(happier)了。7A.enthusiasm BsorrowCsurprise Ddoubt解析：選A從那天起，她每天早晨都懷著喜悅和熱情(enthusiasm)等待著。sorrow“悲傷”；surprise“驚訝”；doubt“懷疑”。8A.description BwonderCachievement Dexpression解析：選C根據(jù)上文“Then as days passed, the dreams became real ones”可知，此處指夢(mèng)想成了現(xiàn)實(shí)，但是愿望的實(shí)現(xiàn)(achievement)并沒有給小女孩帶來(lái)她所期望的快樂。9A.hoped BtookCthanked Danswered解析：選A參見上題解析。10A.still BeverCindeed Deven解析：選D上文指出許多愿望使她感到失望，此處應(yīng)指一些愿望甚至(even)給她帶來(lái)了痛苦。此處用even表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。11A.annoyed BsatisfiedCconfused Dexcited解析：選B上文說女魔法師實(shí)現(xiàn)了小女孩的愿望，所以此處表示小女孩是滿足的(satisfied)。12A.want BdoCget Ddecide解析：選A根據(jù)上文中的Though可知，小女孩雖然實(shí)現(xiàn)了愿望，但她突然發(fā)現(xiàn)這并不是她想要的。13A.suspect BhateCfear Denjoy解析：選C根據(jù)下文中的“She was afraid to _ every day, waiting for the realization of another wish”可知，此處為她開始害怕(fear)夢(mèng)想。下文中的“was afraid to”為重要提示。14A.stand up Bwake upCgo to sleep Ddress up解析：選B根據(jù)上文的“that she would help her realize one wish every day”“she was waiting every morning with joy and _”可知，此處表示她每天醒來(lái)(wake up)。15A.understand BrememberCaccept Drealize解析：選D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及空后的“only one dream”可知，此處指實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)愿望，故用realize。