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Unit 3 A healthy life 一、閱讀理解。 Beijing’s Forbidden City is a place full of wonder. From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, there’s no wonder it’s one of China’s most popular tourist destinations. But even more than 600 years after it was built, it’s still managing to serve up surprises. Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, it’s estimated that the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes. And while most structures aren’t made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to withstand anything. A recent television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient building’s designers. A group of Chinese carpenters and engineers were shown building a scale model (成比例模型) of one of the Forbidden City’s palaces, at one fifth of the size. To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test. It was subjected to a simulated (模擬的) earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale – equivalent to the largest ever recorded quake – and survived. Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved gently during the test. According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City’s strength, as well as other ancient Chinese structures’, lies in dougong– a centuries-old building method invented in China. This is the name for special brackets on buildings. Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together when the weather gets rough. “Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure, much like the shock absorbers (減震器) of a car,” according to Chinese National Geography. “Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures that were both enduring and aesthetically (在美學(xué)方面) pleasing using dougong, revealing their advanced understanding of mathematics, architecture, materials, and structural science.” The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and cultural significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter. 1. What is the article mainly about? A.What has made the Forbidden City a popular tourist destination. B.What has helped the Forbidden City survive so many earthquakes. C.The characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Ming Dynasty. D.A variety of building methods used in ancient Chinese structures. 2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “was subjected to” in Paragraph 4? A. suffered B. was controlled by C. obeyed D. was affected by 3. What was the aim of the test in the UK documentary? A. To reproduce a real earthquake from the Ming Dynasty. B. To discover a long-lost Chinese building method C. To explain the impact of earthquakes on ancient buildings. D. To prove the strength of ancient Chinese architecture. 4. What is “dougong” according to the text? A. A paint that gives Chinese buildings an attractive look. B. A tool used by ancient people to measure earth-quakes. C. Special building parts that keep a traditional Chinese building together, D. A building piece located in the center of a traditional Chinese house. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了紫禁城的斗拱設(shè)計(jì)幫助它能夠在多次地震中幸存。 1. B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是倒數(shù)第二段中的“Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure”可知，紫禁城的斗拱設(shè)計(jì)幫助它能夠在多次地震中幸存。 3. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test. ”可知，測(cè)試的目的是證明中國(guó)古建筑的抗震性。 4. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“dougong– a centuries-old building method invented in China. This is the name for special brackets on buildings.”可知，斗拱是連接中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)建筑物的一個(gè)特殊部件。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．No matter how busy he is, he makes it a rule___________ (read) at least 20 minutes a day. 答案：to read 2．We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son’s illness had put him under great___________ (stressful)． 答案：stress 3．The new survey shows that the number of students ___________ (addict) to puter games has been on the increase in recent years. 答案：addicted 4．___________ spite of what has recently been done to provide more buses for the people，a shortage of public vehicles remains a problem. 答案：In 5．The young couple had meant to travel abroad, but they cancelled the trip due ___________ the tough budget. 答案：to 6．(江西卷)I’ve got ___________ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. 答案：into 7．The number of people infected with HIV may reach 50 million by 2020 unless ___________ (effect) measures are taken to prevent the spread of the disease. 答案：effective 8．After decades of effort, the city is still trying to figure out how to ban ___________ (smoke) in public places. 答案：smoking 9．It will be a long time before you are ___________ (accustom) to the local food. 答案：accustomed 10．It is only when we cannot see perfectly ___________ we realize how important our eyes are. 答案：that 三、完形填空。 “Guys, get out of the mud! How many times do I have to tell you? ”I 　 1　 the words angrily. I felt myself recreating the 　 2　 words my parents had said to me so many times in the past, and I felt powerless to change my kids’ actions. A(n) 　 3　 thought came to me, one that es to most 　 4　 at some point: “Am I being my father?” We were on a short vacation, and my daughter and son were playing in the mud, splashing(濺)it with their boots, and 　 5　 the feeling. You know, one of those feelings that we adults are far too 　 6　 to enjoy anymore. It was the third and last day of our trip, and I’d been with the kids on a solo mission to northern Minnesota. My wife had stayed home to enjoy some 　 7　 time to rest. Taking care of kids alone was 　 8　 no easy task. And while we’d 　 9　 some great time on the trip, it didn’t feel too great at the moment. I was 　 10　 with something many fathers did with: a sense of 　 11　 with my kids, and a feeling I should control their 　 12　 . My son turned around to me and said, “Dad, relax! It’s OK!”I 　 13　 back at him, realizing he was right. 　 14　 , the mud could be washed off. No lives were in 　 15　 . The only 　 16　 here was my desire to control them. I wanted to thank him for his 　 17　 . It’s useful to remember that our kids are not to be controlled. They should be guided and led, but not controlled. This desire to control can lead many fathers to an emotional 　 18　 with their kids. And while many fathers are clearly 　 19　 of this problem, they convince themselves that it can’ t be helped. The truth is that it can be helped, and fathers can 　 20　 the relationship they have with their kids. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：作者無(wú)意中因?yàn)橐患∈聦?duì)孩子發(fā)脾氣，事后作者開(kāi)始反思自己對(duì)孩子教育的方式，最后意識(shí)到對(duì)孩子的教育不是控制而是需要引導(dǎo)。 1.A. picked out B. figured out C. spilled out D. plained about 【答案】C 【解析】從下文中的angrily可知，此處指作者惱怒地脫口而出。spill out在這里表示突然說(shuō)出，脫口而出。 2.A. valuable B. powerful C. unforgettable D. same 【答案】D 【解析】由空前的recreating和空后的my parents had said to me so many times in the past可知，此處表示作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在重復(fù)過(guò)去父母對(duì)自己說(shuō)過(guò)的相同的(same)話(huà)。 3.A. alarming B. inspiring C. amusing D. interesting 【答案】A 4.A. educators B. travelers C. fathers D. drivers 【答案】C 【解析】由下文中多次出現(xiàn)的father和fathers可知，此處應(yīng)填fathers。 5.A. expressing B. enjoying C. exploring D. describing 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示孩子們享受(enjoying)這種感覺(jué)。 6.A. familiar B. skilled C. mature D. corrupted 【答案】C 【解析】此處表示大人由于過(guò)于成熟，沒(méi)有了童心，因此享受不到這種快樂(lè)。 7.A. relaxed B. precious C. meaningful D. remaining 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者一個(gè)人帶著兩個(gè)孩子，妻子在家享受休息時(shí)光，故這里用relaxed最合適。 8.A. absolutely B. similarly C. additionally D. gradually 【答案】A 【解析】一個(gè)人帶孩子絕對(duì)不是件容易的事。從下文的didn’t feel too great可知，空處用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，故選absolutely。 9.A. suffered B. experienced C. encountered D. counted 【答案】B 【解析】盡管我們已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了(experienced)一些美好的時(shí)光，但此時(shí)此刻作者感覺(jué)并不美好。 10.A. agreeing B. bining C. paring D. struggling 【答案】D 【解析】這里表示作者正如許多父親一樣在努力應(yīng)付一件事情。struggle在此處表示作出極大的努力。 11.A. impatience B. embarrassment C. satisfaction D. expression 【答案】A 【解析】對(duì)應(yīng)上文中的angrily及作者對(duì)孩子說(shuō)的話(huà)，此處表示作者對(duì)孩子缺乏耐心(impatience)。 12.A. behavior B. direction C. routine D. emotion 【答案】A 【解析】作者覺(jué)得自己應(yīng)該控制孩子們的行為(behavior)，即約束孩子們不要在泥中玩耍。 13.A. shouted B. glared C. dashed D. looked 【答案】D 14.A. However B. Indeed C. Therefore D. Otherwise 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，此處表示作者意識(shí)到泥的確(Indeed)可以被洗掉，且在泥中玩耍并沒(méi)有生命危險(xiǎn)。 15.A. vain B. doubt C. danger D. shape 【答案】C 【解析】參見(jiàn)上題解析。in danger意為處于危險(xiǎn)之中。 16.A. chance B. problem C. method D. choice 【答案】B 【解析】此處表示孩子們的行為沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，唯一的問(wèn)題(problem)是作者想要控制孩子們的行為的這種欲望。 17.A. confidence B. response C. education D. concern 【答案】B 【解析】是孩子的回答(response)提醒了自己，因此作者很感激孩子。 18.A. association B. argument C. munication D. disconnection 【答案】D 【解析】控制孩子的欲望會(huì)導(dǎo)致父親與孩子之間的疏遠(yuǎn)。disconnection分離，疏遠(yuǎn)。 19.A. afraid B. ashamed C. aware D. careful 【答案】C 【解析】盡管許多父親清楚地意識(shí)到(aware)這一點(diǎn)，但他們卻說(shuō)服自己這是沒(méi)辦法的。 20.A. build B. destroy C. change D. protect 【答案】C 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2018湖南省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)When we does make a mistake, we must correct it fully, openly, and as quickly as possible.___________ 答案：does→do 2．The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism to the wildlife in the area.___________ 答案：第二個(gè)to→on/upon 3．Accustoming to living in Tianjin for quite a few years, Mr.Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.___________ 答案：Accustoming→Accustomed或Accustoming后加himself 4．I’m not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as more tiring a day as today.___________ 答案：去掉more 5．Experts are concerned that Britain’s youth are prepared to take risk with their health. ___________ 答案：risk→ risks或在risk前加a 五、單元語(yǔ)法——it的用法 1．(2018陜西西安83中階段考試)—I think ___________ possible that he has got the ticket for tonight’s concert. —So do I. He seemed very happy for the whole afternoon. 答案：it 2．(2018安徽江南十校聯(lián)考)___________ was only when I watched the film a second time that I had a better understanding of what it was talking about. 答案：It 3．You may depend on ___________ that they will look after your daughter when you are away. 答案：it 4．From the teacher’s patient explanation, I have learnt what a big responsibility ___________ is to educate us. 答案：it 5．(2015廣東卷)It’s a waste of time playing games and ___________ will have a bad effect on their study. 答案：it