Unit 2 Heroes課時練(一)閱讀理解組塊專練練速度(限時：35分鐘).閱讀理解A(2019湖北四市七校聯(lián)考)TECFIDERAWhat is TECFIDERA?TECFIDERA is a prescription (處方) medicine used to treat people with multiple sclerosis, a serious illness that gradually destroys your nerves, making you weak and unable to walk.It is not known if TECFIDERA is safe and effective in children under 18 years of age.Before taking and while you take TECFIDERA, tell your doctor if you have or have had low white blood cell counts or any other medical conditions.Tell your doctor if you are：pregnant or planning to bee pregnant. It is not known if TECFIDERA will harm your unborn baby. If you bee pregnant while taking TECFIDERA, talk to your doctor about joining in the TECFIDERA Pregnancy Registry. You can join in this registry by calling 18668101462. The purpose of this registry is to monitor the health of you and your baby.breastfeeding (母乳喂養(yǎng)) or planning to breastfeed. It is not known if TECFIDERA passes into your breast milk. You and your doctor should decide if you will take TECFIDERA or breastfeed.How should I take TECFIDERA?Take TECFIDERA exactly as your doctor tells you to take it.The remended starting dose (劑量) is one 120mg capsule taken by mouth 2 times a day for 7 days.The remended dose after 7 days is one 240mg capsule taken by mouth 2 times a day.TECFIDERA can be taken with or without food.Swallow TECFIDERA whole. Do not press, chew, or put capsule contents in food.Protect TECFIDERA from light. You can do this by storing the capsules in their original container. Throw away opened TECFIDERA after 90 days.What are the possible side effects of TECFIDERA?TECFIDERA may cause serious side effects including decreases in your white blood cell count, sickness, redness, stomach pain and so on.Redness and stomach problems are the most mon reactions, especially at the start of the treatment, but they should decrease over time. Call your doctor if you have any of these symptoms and they bother you or do not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of TECFIDERA. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at 1800FDA1088.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要向人們介紹了處方藥TECFIDERA的適宜人群和注意事項。1Before taking TECFIDERA, you do NOT have to tell your doctor if you are _.Aunder 18 years oldBabove 90 years oldCexpecting a baby Dbreastfeeding解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)語境可知，文中沒有具體提到90歲以上的人需要在服用TECFIDERA之前告訴醫(yī)生，所以選B項。2Which of the following is the correct way of taking TECFIDERA?ANever dividing the capsule by any means while taking it.BIncreasing the dose by 2 times every 7 days.CTaking it exactly as the instructions show.DNever taking it on an empty stomach.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)“How should I take TECFIDERA”部分中的“Swallow TECFIDERA whole. Do not press, chew, or put capsule contents in food”可知，藥要整個吞服下去。不要擠壓、咀嚼或者和食物混吃。因此選項A“在服藥時無論如何不能把膠囊打開來服用”是正確的。所以選A。3If you suffer from TECFIDERA, you may _.Ahave some eye problemsBreport your doctor for prescribing the wrong medicineChave a high white blood cell countDcontact FDA解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What are the possible side effects of TECFIDERA”部分末段的“Call your doctor if you have any of these symptoms . You may report side effects to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at 1800FDA1088”可知，當(dāng)你服用TECFIDERA出現(xiàn)副作用時，你應(yīng)該給醫(yī)生打電話，你還可以聯(lián)系FDA，故D項正確。BWhen she was a little girl, Margarita Engle spent her summers in Cuba, where she says she fell in love with nature.Engle, 66, was born to a Cuban mother and an American father. Her annual visits to the Caribbean island from her home in California shaped her life and inspired her to bee a poet and writer. The Poetry Foundation recently named her its Young Peoples Poet Laureate, a role Engle plans to use to encourage children and teenagers to write down their feelings.Magic happens when you put your emotions (情感) in writing, she said.Engle says she has always liked poetry. At age 6, she wrote her first poem about nature. After looking around while taking a walk one day in California, she wrote a rhymed poem about the shapes of hills. As a teen, she wrote sonnets (十四行詩) about nature and stories about people in Cuba.Some of her books explore the island, its people, markets and landmarks. Her new picture book, All the Way to Havana, features American cars from the 1940s and 1950s. Forest World, a new novel, introduces Edver to readers, an 11yearold who lives in Miami, Florida, with his mother and is shipped off to Cuba to see his birthplace and meet his Cuban family. When he arrives in Havana, the capital, he learns he has an older sister, Luza, who stayed on the island with her father and grandfather. The two go on an adventure into a Cuban forest.The emotions of the characters are similar to what many children feel when they are separated from loved ones, Engle said. She hopes that people facing similar challenges can find support and fort in poetry.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Engle童年時每年往返于古巴和美國，這讓她親近自然，并激發(fā)了她的創(chuàng)作熱情，最終成為一位知名的詩人兼作家。4What made Engle a poet?AHer visits to Cuba.BDays spent in California.CMagic skills in practicing writing.DEncouragement from the Poetry Foundation.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Her annual visits to the Caribbean island from her home in California shaped her life and inspired her to bee a poet and writer”可知A項正確。5We can learn from the text that young Engle probably _.Aenjoyed indoor gamesBfound inspiration in natureCliked exploring cities in FloridaDmade friends with Cuban people解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段和第四段中的“At age 6, she wrote her first poem about nature . she wrote sonnets (十四行詩) about nature”可知，兒時的Engle愛上了大自然，還寫了關(guān)于大自然的詩，因此她從大自然中獲得了創(chuàng)作靈感，故選B。6What is TRUE about Forest World?AIt is a new picture book.BIt is based on a reallife event.CIt talks about an adventure story.DIt describes family ties between countries.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段提到的小說Forest World的內(nèi)容可知，該書描寫的是Edver離開美國佛羅里達(dá)州前往古巴哈瓦那探親的故事，揭示的是分隔在兩個國家的家庭親情，故選D。7What does Engle stress in the last paragraph?AThe frequent changes of emotions.BThe challenges in writing poems.CThe separations from family members.DThe links between life and literature.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，Engle認(rèn)為無論是在作品中還是在現(xiàn)實中，孩子離別親人時心底迸發(fā)的情感有相似之處，她希望面臨這種處境的人能從詩歌中尋覓到支持和慰藉。故Engle在此強調(diào)生活與文學(xué)作品的聯(lián)系。CThink of a seed buried in a pot. Its dark down there in the potting soil. Theres no light, no sunshine. So how does it know which way is up and which way is down? It does know. Seeds routinely send shoots up toward the sky, and roots the other way. Darkness doesnt confuse them. Somehow, they get it right.More amazingly, if you turn a seedling (秧苗) or a whole bunch of seedlings upside down, as Thomas Andrew Knight of the Royal Society did around 200 years ago, the tips and roots of the plant will sense, “Hey, Im upside down，” and will wiggle (扭動) their way to the right direction, doing a Uturn.How do they know? According to botanist Daniel Chamovitz, Thomas Knight about 200 years ago assumed that plants must sense gravity. Knight proved it with a crazy experiment involving a spinning plate.He attached a bunch of plant seedlings onto a disc. The plate was then turned by a water wheel powered by a local stream at a speed of 150 revolutions per minute for several days.If youve ever been at an amusement park in a spinning teacup, you know that because of centrifugal (離心的) force you get pushed away from the center of the spinning object toward the outside.Knight wondered, would the plants respond to the centrifugal pull of gravity and point their roots to the outside of the spinning plate? When he looked, thats what theyd done. Every plant on the disc had responded to the pull of gravity, and pointed its roots to the outside. The roots pointed out, and the shoots pointed in. So Thomas Knight proved that plants can and do sense the pull.語篇解讀：本文為說明文。植物能辨別方向，但植物是怎么做到的呢？事實是，植物通過感知引力來辨別方向。作者借助Knight的圓盤試驗說明植物能夠并確實感知到引力。8How does the author write about the young seedling in Paragraph 2?ABy lively description.BBy accurate statement.CBy objective presentation.DBy gentle persuasion.解析：選A寫作手法題。從第二段中的“Hey, Im upside down， and will wiggle (扭動) their way to the right direction, doing a Uturn”得知，作者對這株幼苗的描寫十分生動形象。9What determines the direction the plants choose?ASoil. BSunshine.CDarkness. DThe pull of the earth.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段得知，土壤、陽光和黑暗均不決定植物對方向的判定；根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容和最后一段Knight的圓盤試驗結(jié)果得知，地球引力影響植物對方向的判定。10What did Knights experiment prove?APlants can tell up from down.BPlants can feel gravity.CSpeed influences plants growing.DPlants have their own desires.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thomas Knight about 200 years ago assumed that plants must sense gravity. Knight proved it with a crazy experiment involving a spinning plate”得知，Knight 的圓盤試驗證明植物能夠感知到引力。11Whats the best title for the text?AWhat does a plant know?BWhich direction do plants grow in?CHow do plants decide: up or down?DWhy do plants grow towards the sun?解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。本文重點講述的是植物是怎么辨別生長方向的，故選C。DIn our research, we surveyed nearly 1,400 consumers about what they had eaten over the last 24 hours and how often they bought foods at supermarkets. We also took note of individual characteristics. When it came to making unhealthy food choices, a consumers individual characteristics mattered more than where they shopped.Young consumers were less likely to eat fruits and vegetables. People without college degrees consumed significantly more sugar and butter. With age and education came better eating habits. Older people and college graduates ate more fruits and vegetables.The clear role played by these connections argues for approaches to helping people improve the diet choices they make. Particularly when it es to eating less junk food, targeted interventions (干預(yù)) are needed in addition to building supermarkets and stocking them with “good for you” foods. Policymakers should consider putting in place proven strategies (策略) that push consumers to change their shopping behaviors, such as taxing foods high in added sugars.In 2014, Berkeley became the first city in the US. to put a tax on sugarsweetened drinks, and consumption of such drinks dropped by more than 20 percent. In Mexico, an 8 percent tax on highcalorie foods put in place the same year reduced junk food purchases by about 5 percent.Evidence that people with lower levels of education may be more likely to reduce their consumption of sugarsweetened drinks in the face of such a tax also es from Mexico. With more US. cities following suit, muchneeded additional research should follow on whether these taxes effectively reduce consumption.Some strategies that are not obvious and are aimed at changing individual behaviors also could make a difference in eating and shopping habits. Instore marketing where and how foods are put has shown promise of increasing the sales of healthy foods in supermarkets of lowine neighborhoods.Technology may also play a role. Research has shown that just being exposed to electronically delivered dietary feedback (反饋), including advice on how to eat more fruits and vegetables, led to increased consumption of such foods among lowerine individuals with lower levels of education.語篇解讀：本文為議論文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，個人特點，如年齡和受教育程度，與個人飲食習(xí)慣存在關(guān)聯(lián)。對此，作者提到從稅收政策、市場營銷和科技三個方面來改善個人飲食習(xí)慣。12Which of the following would the author agree from the first paragraph?APersonal tastes vary greatly.BYou are what you eat.CYou eat what you are.DMore supermarkets should be built.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“a consumers individual characteristics mattered more than where they shopped”得知，在選擇食品時，消費者的個人特點要比購物地點更有決定性，因為年齡和受教育程度決定購買食品的種類，進(jìn)而形成飲食習(xí)慣，即你的個人特點決定你的飲食習(xí)慣。第二段對此闡釋得更加清楚，故C項最佳。13What does the underlined word “connections” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AEducation backgrounds decide economic ine.BAge and education affect the choices of foods.COlder consumers tend to buy cheap foods.DIndividual characteristics influence where to shop.解析：選B名詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段中的“With age and education came better eating habits”得知，飲食習(xí)慣受年齡和受教育程度的影響，故此處connections指上文提及的年齡和受教育程度與個人飲食習(xí)慣之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，故選B。14How does the author feel about the taxes?ADoubtful. BOpposed.CIndifferent. DCautious.解析：選D觀點態(tài)度題。從第四段的數(shù)字得知，作者認(rèn)為征稅政策在特定城市的確有效，再結(jié)合第五段中的“With more US. cities following suit, muchneeded additional research should follow on whether these taxes effectively reduce consumption”得知，作者認(rèn)為征稅政策的效果還需進(jìn)一步論證，故作者對征稅的做法持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，故選D。15What does the author mainly talk about in the text?AAdvice on improving eating habits.BThe importance of healthy foods.CPeoples different food preferences.DA latest research discovery.解析：選A主旨大意題。作者開篇提到一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，由此引出改善個人飲食習(xí)慣的幾種方法。故作者主要在文中談了改善個人飲食習(xí)慣的方法，故選A。.閱讀七選五(2019重慶市九校聯(lián)考)Experiencing bad dreams every night can be frightening for anybody. Bad dreams can disturb sleep. _16_ Thats why one should take steps to stop them as soon as they happen every day.Studies have shown that when a person is under some sort of physical or mental stress, hes more likely to get bad dreams and disturbed sleep. _17_ For example, if youre overworked, learn to take things slow.Besides, an unpleasant experience that a person is unable to get over can make the person suffer from bad dreams. _18_ In such a case, receiving treatment and dealing with the unpleasant experience is the only way to stop bad dreams.Eating fatty and highprotein (高蛋白質(zhì)的) foods is also known to cause bad dreams in some people. _19_ Taking a light dinner of soups and salads is the best, both for health and for stopping disturbed sleep in some cases._20_ For example, your bedroom should be the most fortable place in the world. So remove all electronic equipment including televisions. In addition, if you have negative thoughts, it can have side effects on the kind of dreams you have. So from now on try to be a happy and positive person.AFirst, we need to know the bad effects of bad dreams.BFor example, death of a very close one can result in bad dreams.CThey may also make a person feel stressed throughout the next day.DBad dreams occurring because of this can be stopped if the diet is changed.EReading something you enjoy can make you feel relaxed and help you sleep better.FBesides these, there are many other things a person can do to have a good nights sleep.GTo stop bad dreams, its necessary to find out the causes of stress in life and remove them.語篇解讀：本文是說明文。本文主要介紹了做噩夢的原因及避免噩夢的方法。16解析：選C該空前一句介紹的是噩夢會影響睡眠，后一句說那就是為什么我們應(yīng)該想辦法避免做噩夢，由此可知，應(yīng)選“噩夢還會讓一個人第二天一整天感到有壓力”。17解析：選G根據(jù)該空前一句及后面的例子可知，應(yīng)選“為防止做噩夢，我們需要找到生活中壓力的起因并消除這些壓力”。18解析：選B結(jié)合該空后一句中的“In such a case”可知，該空內(nèi)容與一個例子有關(guān)，故選“例如一位很親近的人的去世會導(dǎo)致噩夢”。19解析：選D該空所在段內(nèi)容與日常飲食有關(guān)，D項中的the diet是提示，故選“由不良日常飲食引起的噩夢可以通過改變飲食來避免”。20解析：選F該空后所舉的幾個例子是避免噩夢的其他方法，故選“除了這些，還有其他很多辦法可以保證一晚的好睡眠”。課時練(二)語言知識運用組塊專練練準(zhǔn)度(限時：30分鐘).完形填空(2019成都診斷)When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a 500,000“genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. _1_， she put the money in the bank and _2_ writing poems.In 2011, she finally _3_ what to do with it. That year, Heathers godson and his wife _4_ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled. “I saw how peoples _5_ can change overnight. I started thinking about people in a _6_ situation，” says Heather.She _7_ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled. So in 2012, Heather _8_ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation, with all _9_ paid, to people who have been caregivers for at least ten years.Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation. When Tricia got a call saying she was offered a _10_ vacation, she couldnt _11_it; disbelief even _12_ her concern about leaving her two kids.Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy the _13_ things. “I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to，” says Tricia. She was afraid the _14_ would return when the _15_ was over, but to her surprise, it hasnt been back since.Heather says Tricias _16_ resembles those of the other ten caregivers she helps every year. “Before the vacation they are so _17_， but the _18_ is so amazing. They reflect and relax. It feels _19_ like another world and gives them a chance to see their lives from another _20_，” she adds.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Heather McHugh利用自己的五十萬美元獎金建立非營利組織，為照顧慢性病患者和殘疾人的護理員提供免費休假，讓他們到新的環(huán)境中，從不一樣的角度來看待他們的人生。1A.However BThereforeCInstead DBesides解析：選C根據(jù)空處前一句中的“she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris”可知，在獲得了五十萬美元的獎金后，她并沒有購買汽車或去旅游，反而，她將這些錢存入銀行。C項意為“而是，反而”，符合語境。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“此外”。2A.continued BquittedCpracticed Dstarted解析：選A她(這位詩人)獲獎后，將獎金存進(jìn)銀行，繼續(xù)(continued)寫詩。quit“停止”；practice“實踐，訓(xùn)練”。3A.thought over BwonderedCtalked about Ddecided解析：選D根據(jù)下文中的“Heather _ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation”可知，此處表示在2011年，她終于決定如何使用這筆錢。decide“決定”，符合語境。think over“仔細(xì)考慮”；wonder“想知道，好奇”；talk about“談到，談?wù)摗薄?A.held BweledClost Dsaved解析：選BHeather的教子和他的妻子迎來了他們的第一個孩子，那是一個漂亮的女嬰，但是有嚴(yán)重的殘疾。wele“迎接”，符合語境。hold意為“握著，舉行”；lose意為“失去”；save意為“拯救，節(jié)約”。5A.feelings BfutureClives Droutine解析：選C根據(jù)語境，并結(jié)合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一個殘疾的女嬰可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之間發(fā)生改變的。routine“慣例，常規(guī)”。6A.different BsimilarCworse Dbetter解析：選B根據(jù)上文提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一個殘疾女嬰并且Heather看到了人的生活是如何在一夜之間發(fā)生改變的可知，Heather開始關(guān)注那些有相似(similar)境遇的人。7A.discovered BclaimedCadmitted Dfelt解析：選A她發(fā)現(xiàn)有數(shù)百萬照顧慢性病患者和殘疾人的護理員。claim“宣稱；斷言”；admit“承認(rèn)”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。8A.donated BfoundCvisited Dformed解析：選D因此Heather在2012年建立了一個非營利組織，為那些當(dāng)護理員至少十年的人提供七天免費(free)休假。form“建立，組成”，符合語境。donate“捐贈”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；visit“參觀”。9A.taxes BsalaryCexpenses Drent解析：選C參見上題解析。expense“花費”，符合語境。tax“稅”；salary“薪水”；rent“租金”。10A.free BcaringCshort Dlong解析：選A參見8題解析。11A.believe BtakeCrefuse Denjoy解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“disbelief”可知，Tricia不相信她獲得了一個免費休假這件事。believe“相信”，符合語境。12A.woke BdefeatedCshowed Dmoved解析：選B根據(jù)下一段中的“Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy”可知，Tricia接受了免費休假這件事情，由此可知，她對免費休假的懷疑(和向往)打敗(defeated)了對于留下孩子們的擔(dān)憂。wake“醒來”；show“展示”；move“移動”。13A.wonderful BdeliciousCpeaceful Dsimple解析：選D根據(jù)空后的“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to”可知，Tricia在度假時所做的事情都是很普通、很簡單的(simple)事情。wonderful“精彩的，極棒的”；delicious“美味的”；peaceful“平靜的，和平的”。14A.heaviness BpainCsadness Ddisbelief解析：選A她擔(dān)心度假結(jié)束后，自己的生活會回歸以前的沉悶，但出乎她意料的是后來的生活并沒有回到從前。根據(jù)上文可知，Tricia是一個護理員，平時的工作都是照顧病人，生活少有放松的時候，故heaviness“沉悶”符合語境。pain“傷痛”；sadness“傷心，悲傷”；disbelief“懷疑，不信任”。15A.entertainment BdreamCvacation Dfreedom解析：選C根據(jù)第四段第一句“Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation”可知選C。16A.ment BstoryCsurprise Dfortune解析：選B上文講述的是Tricia享受免費休假的故事，故B項story“故事”符合語境。17A.worried BconfusedCunexpected Dstressed解析：選D根據(jù)上文提到的Tricia擔(dān)心度假結(jié)束后自己的生活會回歸以前的沉悶可知，D項“stressed”符合語境。18A.award BchangeCscenery Dacmodation解析：選B根據(jù)上文可知，其他護理員和Tricia一樣，在度假前他們的生活較為沉悶；結(jié)合后一句“They reflect and relax”可知，在度假之后，他們變得很放松。據(jù)此可知，這樣的改變令人驚訝。change意為“改變”，符合語境。award“獎”；scenery“風(fēng)景”；acmodation“住宿”。19A.slightly BinterestinglyCmagically Dmostly解析：選C這神奇地(magically)像是另外一個世界，并且給了他們一個從另一個角度(angle)看待他們的生活的機會。magically“魔法般地”，符合語境。slightly“輕微地”；interestingly“有趣地”；mostly“大多地”。20A.place BsituationCheight Dangle解析：選D參見上題解析。.語法填空(2019押題卷六)Massimo Bottura is an Italian chef, with plans to open two new restaurants in Paris and Naples next year.But _1_ (wealth) diners will not be wele.The food will be free, made from marketplace leftovers (剩余物) and offered only to _2_ poor.Botturas Refettorio Ambrosiano restaurant in Milan alre