Unit 5 Music一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。For over a century，the Nashua River in Massachusetts provided power for mills(工廠)，which gave jobs to thousands of people.Over the years，these paper，cotton，wood，and woolen mills had dumped their waste into its waters.By the 1960s，the Nashua River was about as polluted as any river could get.Its waters ran red or green or blue with dye (染料)from paper mills situated on its banks.The fumes(煙)from this dye blackened paint on the buildings near the river.Then along came Marion Stoddart with a simple but overwhelming ideaclean up the Nashua.This was no onewoman campaign.Stoddart encouraged the paper mills and the business munity to form partnerships to reclaim the river.She carried jars of dirty river water to local officials to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem.Stoddart talked with business leaders about economic problems.She talked with environmentalists about the longterm problems of pollution.Stoddart knew that the State Water Pollution Control Board would have the final say on forcing the cleanup.When she spoke to the board，she insisted that the Nashua should be made safe for swimming.They thought her goals were unrealistic.However，the partnerships Stoddart had helped form and the volunteers who were drawn to her cause never gave up.They all realized that cleaning up the river was in everyones best interests.By 1993，several water treatment plants had been built，and a conservation area called a“greenway”had been created along the banks of the river.Today mills are still operating along the river，but there are also fish in the river.The Nashua River weles boaters，naturalists，and even swimmers.None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a munity working together.1What does the underlined word“reclaim” refer to?ARescue. BEnlarge.CMonitor. DExplore.2Whats the boards attitude to Stoddarts goal of improving the river?ASupportive. BDoubtful.CNeutral. DCautious.3What kind of person is Marion Stoddart?AIndependent and broadminded.BDetermined and farsighted.CIntelligent and creative.DStubborn and proud.4What message is conveyed through the no onewoman campaign?AItll be all right on the night.BPrevention is better than cure.CMany hands make light work.DFailure is the mother of success.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講的是Marion Stoddart如何聯(lián)合個(gè)體、團(tuán)體和政府部門共同治理河水污染。【難句分析】None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a munity working together.分析：本句用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。None of this would have been possible表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，without引出虛擬條件。譯文：如果沒有一個(gè)具有遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)的女人和一個(gè)一起努力的團(tuán)體，所有這一切都是不可能的。1A考查詞義猜測(cè)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及上下文中出現(xiàn)的“clean up the Nashua”“the cleanup”“cleaning up the river”等信息可知，此處指的應(yīng)是河流治理方面的內(nèi)容，由此可推知畫線詞的意思應(yīng)是“改造”，與A項(xiàng)意思相近，故選A。2B考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)第四段中的“When she spoke to the board.They thought her goals were unrealistic”可知，該委員會(huì)認(rèn)為Stoddart改善河流狀況的目標(biāo)不切實(shí)際，即是持懷疑的態(tài)度的，故選B。3B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第三、四段中對(duì)Stoddart為了改善河流狀況東奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“a woman of vision”可知，Marion Stoddart是一個(gè)有決心和有遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)的人。故選B。4C考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，改善納舒厄河被污染的現(xiàn)狀并不是Stoddart一個(gè)人的戰(zhàn)斗，她還積極地聯(lián)合個(gè)體、團(tuán)體和政府部門共同治理河水污染，并最終收到成效。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“人多好辦事，眾人拾柴火焰高”符合題意。A項(xiàng)意為“車到山前必有路”；B項(xiàng)意為“預(yù)防優(yōu)于補(bǔ)救”。二、單句語(yǔ)法填空1The meeting didnt break _until noon.答案：upbreak up “結(jié)束；解散”。2She buried her head under the covers, _(pretend) to be asleep.答案：pretending此處She與pretend之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且pretend表示的動(dòng)作幾乎與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在分詞pretending作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。3The process is _(pain), but the result is desirable. Remember: no pains, no gains.答案：painful此處形容詞painful “痛苦的”，作表語(yǔ)。4She was efficient and _(rely), so we all liked her very much.答案：reliable此處形容詞reliable “可靠的”，作表語(yǔ)。5He was full of _(confident) that he would be admitted to the famous university.答案：confidencefull of confidence “充滿信心”。6It is hard for migrant workers _(earn) a living, especially during the present financial crisis.答案：to earn此處to earn a living是不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，句首It是形式主語(yǔ)。7The old are very _(attach) to old customs and habits.答案：attachedbe attached to “依戀”。8Tom and his twin sisters are going to put on a _ (perform) tomorrow evening.答案：performanceput on a performance “演出”。9To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, _all, honest.答案：aboveabove all為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“最重要；首先”。10(2017北京高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.答案：whose本空需要關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，句子還原后的表達(dá)是one of its purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation，這里把作定語(yǔ)的人稱代詞its改為whose，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作定語(yǔ)，指代前面的名詞the World Food Programme，因此填whose。三、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018海口調(diào)研)My fianc(未婚夫)and I decided today was the day to treat ourselves to a nice dinner.It _1_ as“our day”，but little did we know that it would turn into much _2_.I didnt want the whole day to be about wanting to _3_ the office for the uping(即將到來的)_4_ and I didnt want it to be just another romantic night for two，_5_ I decided to do something to make ourselves and others happy.I began in small ways.I _6_ a few more coins into the food vending machines(自動(dòng)售貨機(jī))at work for the staff，so that there would be something for the next _7_ worker.I posted smile signs in the hall which gave _8_ instructions on how to smile as _9_ entered the office，either before their morning cup of coffee or right before a meeting with their boss.I drafted some powerful words of inspiration on colorful strips of paper and decorated my _10_ ，so that any colleague who came by might just_11_ for a moment，read，and _12_ change their feeling.When it came time for our lovely dinner to _13_ that night，I left the server a big _14_ and a wellwishing note for her to have a _15_ day.As my fiance and I were just about to leave our table，the waitress _16_ tears beside us.We asked her to _17_ with us and we just listened.As an emotional mothertobe，I _18_ along with her，too.Our table for two was now for _19_.It was a day that was not _20_ ours，but it was the waitressday，my coworkers day，and now its your day too!1A.startedBadaptedCdisappeared Dfinished2A.later BworseCmore Dearlier3A.apply BleaveCfind Dstay4A.party BpicnicCbanquet Ddinner5A.if BthoughCso Dbecause6A.turned BputCmade Dhid7A.full BsleepyCangry Dhungry8A.few BcleanCclear Dpuzzling9A.employees BmanagersCfriends Dbosses10A.home BofficeCrestaurant Dbedroom11A.stop BrunCeat Dbuy12A.never BhardlyCfrequently Dperhaps13A.change BbeginCarise Dend14A.bill BtipCorder Dmenu15A.wonderful BcarefulCbusy Danxious16A.looked into Bcame intoCmade into Dburst into17A.stand up Bsit downCgo away Dstay up18A.smiled BshoutedCcried Dcheered19A.three BfourCfive Dsix20A.ever BusualCjust Deven【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者和她的未婚夫決定一起共進(jìn)晚餐。在這本該屬于他們自己的特殊一天里，作者卻選擇把關(guān)愛和歡樂一同送給同事、餐廳服務(wù)員、甚至是未曾謀面的陌生人，讓愛和溫暖滋潤(rùn)他人。1A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“but little did we know that it would turn into much _”及下文內(nèi)容可知，這頓晚餐一開始只屬于我們。start意為“開始”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。2C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)最后一段中的“but it was the waitress day，my coworkers day, and now its your day too”可知，“我們”的這一天最后卻變得更有意義，是更多人的一天。more 意為“更多”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。3B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指吃晚飯前先離開辦公室。leave意為“離開”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。4D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“a nice dinner”可知，此處指即將到來的晚餐。故選D。5C考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指作者不想這一天只屬于她和未婚夫，她也想給他人帶來快樂。本句與上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C。6B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及常識(shí)可知，硬幣應(yīng)該是放入自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)。B項(xiàng)意為“放，安置”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。7D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“food vending machines(自動(dòng)售貨機(jī))”可知，此處指在自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)里放入多一些的硬幣，是為了讓下一個(gè)肚子餓了來買食物的同事有東西吃。hungry意為“饑餓的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。8C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“instructions”及上文中的“I posted smile signs in the hall”可知，此處指作者在大廳里貼出清晰易懂的笑臉示范。clear意為“清晰易懂的，明白清楚的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。9A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“right before a meeting with their boss”可知，此處應(yīng)指雇員。故選A。10B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“any colleague who came by”可知，作者裝飾的是辦公室。故選B。11A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“for a moment，read”可知，路過的同事們看到激勵(lì)的話會(huì)停下來讀一讀。故選A。12D考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者覺得這些激勵(lì)的話可能會(huì)改變同事們的心情。此處表推測(cè)。故選D。13D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“I left the server.”可推知，此處應(yīng)表示在晚餐結(jié)束要離開的時(shí)候。end意為“結(jié)束，終止”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。14B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及常識(shí)可知，在離開之前作者給服務(wù)員留下了很豐厚的小費(fèi)。B項(xiàng)意為“小費(fèi)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。15A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文及“a wellwishing note”可知，作者的便條是祝愿服務(wù)員有美好的一天。wonderful意為“精彩的，絕妙的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。16D考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，服務(wù)員看到作者的便條感動(dòng)得哭了。burst into tears意為“突然哭了”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。17B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“with us”可知，作者邀請(qǐng)服務(wù)員坐下來，聽她傾訴。B項(xiàng)意為“坐下”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。18C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“As an emotional mothertobe”及語(yǔ)境可知，服務(wù)員突然哭起來，而作者作為一名感性的孕婦也陪她哭了起來。故選C。19A考查數(shù)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，作者夫婦和服務(wù)員一起坐著，因此一共是三個(gè)人。故選A。20C考查副詞辨析。句意為：這一天已經(jīng)不僅僅是屬于我們的，也是屬于服務(wù)員的、我的同事的而且現(xiàn)在也是你們的。just意為“僅僅”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。四、單句改錯(cuò)1Her devotion in the job left her with very little free time._答案：intodevotion名詞“奉獻(xiàn)；熱愛”常與to搭配。2Help in form of money will be very wele._答案：in后加thein the form of “以形式”。3This is a kind of flower familiar with many of us._答案：withtoSth. is familiar to sb. “某物是某人所熟知的”。4My uncle says that he never dreams being rich in a short period of time._答案：dreams后加of或aboutdream of/about “夢(mèng)想”。5He is so diligent that he never goes anywhere with a book._答案：withwithoutnever . without . 是雙重否定表達(dá)肯定含義的用法。五、短文改錯(cuò)(2017福建省廈門市二模) Last Sunday，I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 800 am.，we arrived there，wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic rule.To our delighted，they all waited for the green light patient except one motor-biker.We also give out some handmade brochures about traffic regulations，for that many people praised us.About 4 hours later，they said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.答案：Last Sunday，I joined voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 800 am.，we arrived there， red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic .To our ，they all waited for the green light except one motor-biker.We also out some hand-made brochures about traffic regulations，for many people praised us.About 4 hours later， said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.解析：在全文中是第一次出現(xiàn)，不能用特指，而應(yīng)用泛指。故將the改為a。解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)表主動(dòng)含義，此處wear的主語(yǔ)是we，其間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。解析：幫助某人做某事，不存在help with sb.sth這一搭配。故將with去掉。解析：交通法規(guī)為固定用語(yǔ)，法規(guī)肯定不可能就一個(gè)。故將rule改為rules。解析：固定用語(yǔ)，意為令我們高興的是。故將delighted改為delight。解析：副詞修飾形容詞，此處是用副詞patiently修飾形容詞waited。解析：整篇文章所描述的事情發(fā)生在過去，所以動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去時(shí)態(tài)。解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句中介詞which的用法，此處for是與后面praised相照應(yīng)的，praise sb.for sth.解析：全篇的人稱都是we我們，根據(jù)句意也應(yīng)該是“我們和警察道別”。解析：it在此處作形式賓語(yǔ)不可省略，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式。