模塊6U2一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenever we see a button，we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases，for example，on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的)，like the “close”button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the“close”button because they dont have the patience to wait.But lifts“close” buttons are a plete trick，at least in the USthe doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US，making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the doorclosing process if they have special keys.But to normal lift riders，the buttons arent pletely useless.According to psychologists，fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，”said Ellen JLanger，a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.For example，pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster，but that was before putercontrolled traffic signals were introduced.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little“white lies”，they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close，it is considered to be worth the effort.1What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo describe different fake buttons.BTo explore the functions of fake buttons.CTo analyze various habits of pushing buttons.DTo explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.2What can we learn about the“close”buttons on a lift in America?AThey work when people press them hard.BThey were designed for a sense of control.CThey never speed up the doorclosing process.DThey take the safety of the disabled into account.3What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?AThey can make people feel better.BThey help puters work faster.CThey can control the traffic signals.DThey help pedestrians cross safely.4Which may be the best title for the passage?AButtons in the USABButtons Always LieCButtons May Not WorkD“Close”Buttons on Lifts【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了我們平時(shí)生活中所見到的按鈕可能是不起作用的?！倦y句分析】Put psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句子主干為psychologists found it interesting。it為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：但是心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，有趣的是，甚至當(dāng)人們意識(shí)到這些“善意的謊言”時(shí)，他們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)按那些虛假按鈕，因?yàn)橹灰罱K門關(guān)了，那就被認(rèn)為是值得努力的。1B考查推理判斷。通讀整篇文章可知，作者通過(guò)舉例子介紹了不同地點(diǎn)的虛假按鈕，其目的是探求這些虛假按鈕的功能。故選B。A項(xiàng)“描述不同的虛假按鈕”，C項(xiàng)“分析按按鈕的不同習(xí)慣”，D項(xiàng)“解釋虛假按鈕的弊端”。A、C、D三項(xiàng)在文中均有提及但不是整篇文章的目的，故排除。2D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely”可知，美國(guó)電梯里的“關(guān)閉”按鈕是為了確保殘疾人能安全地通過(guò)。故選D。3A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example，pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either”可知，人行橫道按鈕也沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)其功能，但可以讓人們感覺(jué)好一點(diǎn)，故選A。4C考查標(biāo)題判斷。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了有些按鈕只是形式上的，而不具備真正的實(shí)際功能。故C項(xiàng)“按鈕可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故選C。二、單項(xiàng)填空1.While experts _ delaying the retirement age, some citizens doubt whether they can _ easily to thenew age of workforce.A. acplish, adopt B. attain, allocate C. adore, adapt D. advocate, adjust【答案】D【解析】 acplish 完成； adopt 采取， 收養(yǎng)； attain 獲得； allocate 分配； adore 崇拜； adapt 使適應(yīng)； advocate提倡；adjust 調(diào)整。句意：盡管專家提倡推遲退休年齡，有些人懷疑他們是否能適應(yīng)新時(shí)代的工作。2.Some high school teachers strongly _ the reform of the current education system to make students developin an allround way.A. advocate B. Establish C. dominate D. plain【答案】A【解析】句意：一些中學(xué)教師強(qiáng)烈主張對(duì)當(dāng)今的教育體系進(jìn)行改革，以使學(xué)生得到全面的發(fā)展。advocate“提倡，主張，擁護(hù)” ，符合句意。establish 建立；dominate 控制，支配；plain 抱怨。3.The examinations are around the corner. Some fans in our class are persuaded to _ playing football tofocus on their studies.A. neglected B. escaped C. quit D. denied【答案】C【解析】neglected 疏忽；忽略；escaped 溜走；逃脫；quit 放棄，離開，停止，擺脫；denied 否定，否認(rèn)；句意：考試就在眼前，我們班的一些球迷被說(shuō)服放棄踢足球，集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。quit (doing) sth.“停止/放棄(做)某事” 。4.To ensure that children from poor areas can receive fair education, the government has planned to _ moremoney to improve the miserable conditions of local schools.A. announce B. allocate C. advocate D. accumulate【答案】B【解析】announce 宣布；allocate 分配；advocate 提倡；accumulate 累積。句意：為了確保貧困地區(qū)的孩子能接受公平的教育,政府計(jì)劃分配更多的資金來(lái)改善當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的貧窮的教學(xué)條件，故選 B 項(xiàng)。5.A UN official said aid programs will be suspended until theres _ protection for relief convoys(車隊(duì)).A. abrupt B. typical C. adequate D. considerate【答案】C【解析】abrupt 突然的；typical 典型的；adequate 足夠的；considerate 體貼的。句意：一名聯(lián)合國(guó)官員說(shuō)將會(huì)暫停援助項(xiàng)目，直到援助車隊(duì)能夠得到充分的保護(hù)為止。6._ by adjustments to financial systems and safety nets, some of those reforms fail to ensure that the poorare not harmed.A. Having not acpanied B. Not having been acpaniedC. Having not been acpanying D. Not having acpanied【答案】B【解析】句子主語(yǔ) some of those reforms 和 acpany 之間是一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系，acpany 這一動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生，可知用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動(dòng)式，根據(jù)句意可知選 B。句意：其中的一些改革如果不伴隨著金融制度和網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的調(diào)整，就不能確保窮人不受到傷害。7.The young nurse was very nervous when she _ in her first operation.A. resisted B. insisted C. accepted D. assisted【答案】D【解析】assist 協(xié)助，幫助。句意：當(dāng)?shù)谝淮屋o助(assist)做手術(shù)時(shí)，那位年輕護(hù)士很緊張。8.We knew that there were no _ or easy solutions to overe the problems that we faced.A. instant B. suitable C. free D. open【答案】A【解析】句意：我們知道對(duì)于面臨的問(wèn)題我們沒(méi)有立竿見影的解決方法。根據(jù)句意用 instant。9.As he began his U. S. job hunt, Morales considered buying a car in order to be able to _ the best availablejob.A. go through B. go after C. . go away with D. go over【答案】B【解析】go after 追逐, 追求，符合語(yǔ)境。當(dāng)他開始在美國(guó)找工作時(shí)，莫拉萊斯考慮購(gòu)買一輛汽車，以便能夠追求最好的工作。10.His essay, having been polished up many times, was brief and _, and therefore won the first prize in thewriting petition.A. at this point B. off the point C. on the point D. to the point【答案】D【解析】to the point 切題的，中肯的。句意：他的文章，經(jīng)多次修改后，簡(jiǎn)潔而又切題，因此在作文比賽中贏得了一等獎(jiǎng)。11.Most living creatures are capable of _ when pelled to do so.A. application B. adaptation C. approval D. appreciation【答案】D【解析】application 應(yīng)用；adaptation 改編；approval 批準(zhǔn)；appreciation 感激。句意：大多數(shù)生物都能在迫于壓力的情況下適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。12.In the questionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they _ banning cars in the city center.A. agree B. ment C. advocate D. conduct【答案】C【解析】 句意： 在問(wèn)卷調(diào)查中， 被試被詢問(wèn)是否提倡在市中心禁止車輛行駛這一主張。 agree 同意； ment評(píng)論；advocate 提倡，主張；conduct 執(zhí)行，實(shí)施。advocate doing sth 提倡做某事，故選 C。13.She _ school as soon as she had taken her GCSEs.A. went to B. left for C. quit D. gave in【答案】 C【解析】quit school 輟學(xué)。句意：她一拿到普通中等教育證書后就沒(méi)再上學(xué)了。14.Mr. Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business.A. abandons B. allocates C. accelerates D. advocates【答案】 C。【解析】abandon 拋棄；allocate 分配；accelerate 加速；advocate 提倡，鼓吹。句意：威廉斯先生是個(gè)保守派，主張政府應(yīng)減少對(duì)商業(yè)的控制。15.He graduated from a key university with great honors and I think he is _ to the job.A. delicate B. pulsory C. adequate D. suitable【答案】C【解析】句意：他畢業(yè)于一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)，我認(rèn)為他足以勝任這份工作。adequate“勝任的，合格的” ，符合題意。delicate 易碎的，精致的；pulsory 義務(wù)的；suitable 適合的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?，be suitable for 適合。be adequate to 能勝任。三、完形填空。There was once a widow who had two daughters.The _1_ widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality，but didnt love the other，who resembled her _2_，although she was pretty and friendly.The younger daughter had to _3_ hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister.Among her other _4_ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day _5_.One day _6_ she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water.Glad to show a kindness to the old woman，she _7_.Now，all of a sudden，there was no old trembling woman but a(n)_8_ who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty _9_ your heart is gentle，” said she.“For your kindness，I will make you a gift.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel.”When the girl reached home，her ill mother _10_ her for her long absence.“Pardon me for being away so long，” she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her _11_.“What is this I see，child？” asked the _12_ widow.The poor girl was so happy to be _13_ child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her _14_ with the old woman at the fountain.The widow immediately _15_ her favorite daughter to do as the _16_ girl had done.When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the _17_，a beautiful lady appeared and _18_ a drink of water from the girl.“I have not e here to serve you，” she _19_ replied.The lady，who was the fairy，said，“I will make you a gift to _20_ your rudeness.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a snake or a toad(蟾蜍)”1A.goodtempered BbadtemperedCkind Dbeautiful2A.daughter BteacherCmother Dfather3A.plain BplayCwork Dstudy4A.easy BhardCinteresting Dboring5A.within reachBwith easeCwithout hesitationDfrom a great distance6A.when BwhileConce Dbefore7A.hesitated BagreedCleft Dargued8A.boy Bold womanCold man Dfairy9A.although BbutCwhile Dand10A.scolded BpraisedCthanked Dforgave11A.waist BhairClips Dhands12A.amused BinterestedCastonished Dfrightened13A.awarded BcalledCshowed Dtaught14A.difficulty BthoughtCexperiment Dexperience15A.advised BgotCforced Dinvited16A.slim BtallCelder Dpoor17A.river BpoolCfountain Dwell18A.asked for Basked ofCasked about Dasked after19A.rudely BjokinglyCproudly Dhurriedly20A.deserve BfaceCequal Drepay【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了兩個(gè)性格和外表不同的姐妹對(duì)給予他人幫助的不同反應(yīng)及她們得到的相應(yīng)的結(jié)果，彰顯了善有善報(bào)的道理。1B根據(jù)下文中的“her ill mother”并結(jié)合下文她訓(xùn)斥小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。2D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處與“herself”形成對(duì)比。小女兒不像她而是像父親。3C根據(jù)下文中的“Among her other _4_ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day _5_”并結(jié)合“l(fā)ive upon the leftovers of her elder sister”可推知，小女兒整天要做許多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。4B根據(jù)上文中的“The younger daughter had to _3_ hard all day”可推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。5D根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過(guò)得很艱難。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女兒還得每天從很遠(yuǎn)的地方挑水，這與其艱難的生活境況呼應(yīng)。6A此處應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞One day。7B根據(jù)空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman”可推知，小女兒答應(yīng)了老婦人的請(qǐng)求。8D根據(jù)下文的“The lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老婦人是仙女變過(guò)來(lái)的。9D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，故選D。10A與“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼應(yīng)并結(jié)合下文小女兒的道歉可知，此處表示小女兒受到母親的訓(xùn)斥。11C根據(jù)上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel”可知，小女兒以后說(shuō)話會(huì)口吐花兒或者寶石，故選C。lip“嘴唇”，符合語(yǔ)境。12C小女兒突然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親自然很吃驚。astonished“吃驚的”。13B根據(jù)上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知，寡婦很震驚，對(duì)小女兒的態(tài)度突然轉(zhuǎn)變，柔和了很多，稱她為“孩子”。14D小女兒迫切地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。15Bget sb.to do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。16D與上文中的“The poor girl”呼應(yīng)可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。17C 與上文中的“One day _6_ she had just filled her pot at the fountain”呼應(yīng)可推知，大女兒也來(lái)到噴泉那里。18A 與上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼應(yīng)可推知，一個(gè)漂亮的女士向大女兒討水喝。19A與下文中的“your rudeness”呼應(yīng)可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)大女兒舉止很粗魯，與上文的“the impatient girl”呼應(yīng)，故選A。20C結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的粗魯相匹配的禮物。equal“比得上”。四、短文改錯(cuò)。Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a heating discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father in a very early age，he was brought up by her mother.Despite of serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was admit to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four year.In the reply，the school promise to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university which attracts the publics attention.From Weis story，I learned that hard work would final pay off.【答案】Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father a very early age，he was brought up by mother.Despite serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four .In the reply，the school to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university attracts the publics attention.From Weis story，I learned that hard work would pay off.第一處：heating改為heated?？疾樾稳菰~。那引起了一場(chǎng)激烈的討論。故heated “激烈的”符合語(yǔ)境。第二處：in改為at。考查介詞。at a very early age“在很小的年紀(jì)”為固定搭配。第三處：her改為his?？疾榇~。根據(jù)上文可知Wei Xiang是男性，故此處應(yīng)用his。第四處：刪除of?？疾榻樵~。盡管得了嚴(yán)重的疾病，despite“盡管”后跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不需帶of。第五處：admit改為admitted?？疾楣潭ù钆?。be admitted to“被接收(入學(xué))”為固定搭配。第六處：year改為years?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。未來(lái)四年母親能夠在那兒照顧他，four后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故此處為years。第七處：promise改為promised?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。本文敘述的是過(guò)去的事情，且全文使用的均為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故此處用promised。第八處：have后加a?？疾楣谠~。鼓勵(lì)他對(duì)人生充滿信心，have a strong belief in.“堅(jiān)信；對(duì)懷有堅(jiān)定信念”。第九處：which改為that?？疾樘厥饩湫汀Ｕ撬奈枞诵牡慕?jīng)歷和來(lái)自清華大學(xué)的溫暖吸引了公眾的注意。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it be被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who.，故改為that。第十處：final改為finally?？疾楦痹~。此處表示“努力最終會(huì)得到回報(bào)”。修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞，因此改為finally。