選修8Unit 5Meeting your ancestors一、閱讀理解The story of Sir Nicholas Winton is the one that you would imagine could only happen on the silver screen. Sir Nicholas Winton was a British man who went to heroic efforts, potentially putting himself at risk, during World War II. Sir Winton was responsible for ensuring the safety of six hundred and sixty-nine Jewish children by aiding their escape from countries occupied by Nazis. Finally, the Jewish children were brought to England where he worked to make sure families in his native country would help the kids by taking them into their homes.Recently, this unbelievable story has again been making the rounds on the Internet, particularly after a rerun of the BBC show called “Thats Life”, which featured Sir Winton. People around the world were moved at the details of the story, with saying it to be the best story theyve ever seen.Sir Winton kept his entire plan pletely secret, even his wife had no idea about his planning until fifty years later. After the war, years passed and many people remained in the dark about Sir Wintons extraordinary achievement. Some fifty years later, his wife Greta was searching in their house and discovered a Wintons notebook which documented the names of all the children. She worked with BBC and they produced a TV episode (插曲) of their program “Thats Life” that served as an honor for Sir Wintons work.In 2003, Sir Winton was knighted by the Queen of England for his work. He also was even nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize. He also had a small planet named after him by Czech astronomers. Sir Winton died peacefully in his sleep at the old age of one hundred and six, in 2015. Leaders around the world paid tribute (悼念). Israels ambassador to the United Kingdom, Daniel Taub, said, “He was a hero of our time, having saved 669 Jewish children from Nazis. His story, as a point of light in a period of darkness, will forever be remembered.”1.What happened to the 669 Jewish children?A. They were killed by Nazis.B. They returned to their own homes.C. They fled to their native countries.D. They were raised by English families.2.What made Wintons story spread widely?A. Peoples chatting online.B. The program “Thats Life”.C. His wifes promotion.D. Praises from some leaders.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined expression “remained in the dark, in Paragraph 3?A. felt doubtfulB. remained movedC. knew nothingD. criticized something4.What do we know about Winton?A. He was born in 1909.B. Nazis tried to arrest him.C. He named a small planet.D. Many children paid tribute to him.【文章大意】文章主要講述Sir Nicholas Winton在納粹期間幫助669個(gè)猶太孩子逃到英國的故事。如今而且BBC把這一故事搬上熒幕，讓大眾知道在黑暗時(shí)期還有這樣一個(gè)英雄給人們帶來光明。1.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Finally, the Jewish children were brought to England where he worked to make sure families in his native country would help the kids by taking them into their homes.”可知，669個(gè)猶太人孩子被帶到了英國，并由英國家庭收養(yǎng)。故選D。3.C 【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前面的句意可知，Sir Nicholas Winton一直對(duì)自己的英雄事跡保密，甚至是他的妻子。所以，此處應(yīng)為不為人們所知道。故選。4.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Sir Winton died peacefully in his sleep at the old age of one hundred and six, in 2015.”可知，Sir Winton 生于1909年。故選。二、完形填空One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire.We didnt see the fire _2_ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I _3_ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in _4_ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)_5_ and knew what to do. _6_ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he _7_ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the _8_ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind _9_，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩滅) out the flames as he moved to the _10_，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate._11_ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove _12_ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her _13_ eyes.After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became _14_，asking him what other jobs he had done before he _15_.Well，it turned out that he had done just about _16_ except brain surgery!He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had _17_ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as a result of that _18_，but that hasnt stopped him from being a fulltime electrician.To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be _19_ of them，and remember that some day their _20_ might save your life.1A.prevented BpermittedCwitnessed Dstarted 2A.because BunlessCafter Duntil3A.wanted BmanagedCpromised Dhappened4A.anger BhorrorCexcitement Dembarrassment5A.carpenter BelectricianCfirefighter Deducator6A.Armed BSatisfiedCShared DIdentified7A.slid BfellCdashed Dwalked8A.trees BgrassCflames Dflowers9A.died off Btook onCturned out Dpicked up10A.fence BtruckCfurniture Dbucket11A.If BOnceCSince DWhile12A.through BalongCover Dacross13A.high BwideCfast Dfar14A.curious BsuspiciousCconcerned Danxious15A.moved BresignedCretired Dsuffered16A.everything BnothingCsomething Danything17A.allowed BencouragedCinvited Dforced18A.fire BaccidentCattempt Dexplanation19A.afraid BproudCcareful Dashamed20A.culture BlearningCskills Dlanguages【解題導(dǎo)語】本文作者通過講述火災(zāi)中父親撲滅大火的故事，告訴我們?cè)?jīng)在部隊(duì)和做過其他危險(xiǎn)工作的父親將來某一天可能會(huì)用他們的技能拯救我們的生命，我們應(yīng)為他們感到驕傲?！竞诵脑~匯】as a result of由于，因?yàn)?其后跟賓語)be proud of為感到驕傲1D根據(jù)該句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire”可知，此處表示一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)開始了。D項(xiàng)意為“開始，使開始發(fā)生”，符合語境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允許”；witness“目擊”。2D直到大火堵住了通往唯一的門的路，我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)大火。此處考查“not.until.”結(jié)構(gòu)。3A根據(jù)語境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳過籬笆，到達(dá)安全地帶，可是大火包圍了我們。manage“設(shè)法做成”；promise“許諾”；happen“發(fā)生”。4B由上文可知，大火包圍了我們，“我”只能驚恐地看著火焰繼續(xù)上升。in horror“驚恐地”；in anger“生氣地”；in excitement“興奮地”；in embarrassment“尷尬地”。5C根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父親曾經(jīng)是一名消防員。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“電工”；educator“教育工作者”。6A本題考查be armed with的省略結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，意為“用裝備或武裝”，故選A項(xiàng)。satisfied“滿意的，滿足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨認(rèn)的”。7C根據(jù)語境可知，父親應(yīng)該是沖(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。8C根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指開始用水噴向火焰(flames)。9D根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示然而很快，風(fēng)又變強(qiáng)了。pick up“變大，變強(qiáng)”，符合語境。die off“相繼死去，先后死去”；take on“呈現(xiàn)，開始具有(某種特征、面貌等)”；turn out“結(jié)果是，證明是”。10B根據(jù)下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父親走向卡車。11B考查連詞。A項(xiàng)意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；B項(xiàng)意為“一就，一旦”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；C項(xiàng)“自以來，因?yàn)?，既然”；D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)時(shí)候，盡管”。由上下文可知，此處指父親一到達(dá)大門，就跳進(jìn)了卡車?yán)?。故選B項(xiàng)。12A根據(jù)語境可知，父親開著卡車從火中穿過。through“通過，穿過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物的空間內(nèi)；along“沿著”；over“在上面”；across“從一邊到另一邊，橫過”，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在物體的表面。13B根據(jù)語境可知，父親開著卡車從火中穿過，火最終被撲滅了，所以母親睜大(wide)眼睛看著父親。14A根據(jù)下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我們是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“懷疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(與某事)有關(guān)的，有牽連的”； anxious“焦慮的，不安的，擔(dān)心的”。15C根據(jù)語境可知，我們問父親在退休(retired)之前還做過其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。16A根據(jù)第三段對(duì)父親退休前工作的描述可知，父親做過很多事情，所以此處指除了做腦外科手術(shù)之外，父親幾乎什么都做過。everything except“除了之外什么都”符合語境。17D由上下文可知，那場(chǎng)事故迫使(forced)父親退休。18B根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指那場(chǎng)事故(accident)。attempt“嘗試”； explanation“解釋”。19Bbe proud of “為感到驕傲”符合語境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞恥的，內(nèi)疚的，慚愧的”。20C根據(jù)上文可知，此處指他們的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。三、七選五(2018濰坊模擬)Temper tantrums(發(fā)怒) range from crying to screaming, kicking, hitting, and breath holding. Theyre equally mon in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three. _1_， and others have them rarely. Tantrums are a normal part of child development. They are the way young children show theyre upset or frustrated(沮喪的). Tantrums may happen when kids are tied, hungry, or unfortable; or because they cant get something (for example, an object or a parent) to do what they want. _2_.Tantrums are mon during the second year of life, a time when language skills are starting to develop. Because young children at this age cant yet say what they want, feel, or need, a frustrating experience may cause a tantrum. _3_. _4_ more than they may be able to handle. This can lead to power struggles as a child thinks “I can do it myself” or “I want it, give it to me”. When kids discover that they cant do it and cant have everything they want, they may have a tantrum.So try to prevent tantrums from happening in the first place, whenever possible. Give plenty of positive attention. Get in the habit of catching your child being good. Reward your little one with praise and attention for positive behaviors. Most importantly, keep your cool when responding to a tantrum. Dont plicate the problem with your own frustration or anger. _5_. So you need to be calm, too.ASome kids may smile all the dayBSome kids may have tantrums oftenCYou may wonder how long a tantrum will lastDAs language skills improve, tantrums tend to decreaseEKids want independence and control over their environmentFLearning to deal with frustration is a skill that children gain over timeGRemind yourself that your job is helping your child learn to calm down【文章大意】本文是一篇科普類說明文。文章介紹了1歲到3歲的孩子容易發(fā)怒的原因及這種情緒得到緩解的原因，告誡家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)當(dāng)遇事冷靜，并幫助孩子們養(yǎng)成冷靜的習(xí)慣。1答案與解析：B根據(jù)上文“Theyre equally mon in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three.”可知，1歲到3歲的孩子發(fā)怒很正常；結(jié)合該句中的“and others have them rarely”可知，一些孩子可能會(huì)經(jīng)常發(fā)怒，但是另一些孩子很少發(fā)怒。故B項(xiàng)正確。2答案與解析：F空格處在該段結(jié)尾，其作用是總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容并引起下段內(nèi)容；通讀該段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要陳述孩子發(fā)怒是表現(xiàn)他們不開心或沮喪的方式，下段內(nèi)容是說隨年齡增長(zhǎng)，孩子們的語言技能得到提升，他們也就不那么容易發(fā)怒了。F項(xiàng)“久而久之，孩子們就擁有處理這種沮喪的技能了。”承上啟下。故F項(xiàng)正確。3答案與解析：D根據(jù)空格上一句“Because young children at this age cant yet say what they want, feel, or need, a frustrating experience may cause a tantrum.”可知，處在這個(gè)年齡階段的孩子由于無法用言語表達(dá)他們的需要，所以會(huì)發(fā)怒。D項(xiàng)“隨著語言技能的提高，發(fā)怒的行為將會(huì)減少。”承接上文，符合語境。故D項(xiàng)正確。4答案與解析：E根據(jù)該段第二句“This can lead to power struggles as a child thinks I can do it myself or I want it, give it to me”可知，孩子們總是在想“我能自己完成”“我想要，給我吧”；據(jù)此可以判斷，E項(xiàng)“孩子們總是想要獨(dú)立，控制他們的環(huán)境。”與該段內(nèi)容相符。故E項(xiàng)正確。5答案與解析：G根據(jù)空格后一句“So you need to be calm, too.”可知，該處建議遇到問題首先自己要冷靜。G項(xiàng)“你要想著你的工作就是幫你的孩子學(xué)會(huì)冷靜。”與此構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，銜接緊密。故G項(xiàng)正確。四、書面表達(dá)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Afel was only a very small boy when he first saw snow. But it wasnt real snow that he saw. Actually, there was no real snow where he lived. He saw the snow in a picture book, which had lots of pictures of children playing in big white fields.He dreamed about snow all the time, trying to imagine how it really was. He thought of big white fields. He thought of the big, heavy clothes the children playing in the snow wore. He thought about feeling cold. He dreamed of being able to fly across the white fields of snow.Then, when Afel was twelve years old, the next thing happened. One day when he was watching TV at his uncles house. His uncle had a big new TV, with all the satellite channels. Afel was watching one of the satellite channels, and a program full of snow came on. And not only snow. There were people flying across the snow. They looked like fantastic birds. They had hats which covered all their heads and big goggles(護(hù)目鏡) over their eyes. They wore brightly-colored clothes. And on their feet, they had things that looked like strange shoes.What are those? he asked his uncle excitedly.They are skis, replied his uncle. And those people are called skiers. Afel was in love. Here was the snow, and here were people who were flying across the snow. At that moment, he decided, he wanted to be a skier.He asked his uncle what the program was. The Winter Olympics, said his uncle. Its like the normal Olympics, but for sports where you need snow skiing, ice skating, bobsleigh, those sorts of things. They have it every four years.Perfect, he thought. Enough time for me to bee a brilliant skier. Then Ill go to the next Winter Olympics, and win the gold medal for skiing.But theres no snow here! people told him. Where are you going to ski?注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.應(yīng)使用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4.續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraph 1:Afel didnt care._Paragraph 2:So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel practiced skiing down sand hills._【參考范文】One possible version:Paragraph 1：（第一段）Afel didnt care. He made himself a pair of skis from two pieces of wood. He tied them to his feet and practiced skiing holding two sticks in his hands as the professional skiers do. At first he couldnt move, but he practiced and practiced and practiced until he could move quite quickly across the sand or the earth. He tried to fly down sand hills like the skiers on TV, but he couldnt. He could only move slowly. But he told himself this was not the reason why he stopped making efforts.Paragraph 2：（第二段）So every night, out in the middle of the desert, Afel practiced skiing down sand hills. He dreamed that the yellow sand of the desert and brown earth were the white fields of snow he saw in the book and on the television. He dreamed that the yellow sand and brown earth were as gold as the medal he would bring home with him, when he was the world champion in the Winter Olympics.前文概要：Afel生活在一個(gè)見不到真正的雪的地方，但自他在一本圖畫書中見到雪之后，就對(duì)其充滿好奇并愛上了這種神奇的東西。一天，Afel在他叔叔家的電視上看到了冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的滑雪項(xiàng)目，并深深地被吸引了，他下定決心要成為一個(gè)出色的滑雪者，參加下一屆冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)并獲得金牌。但人們提醒他說他們所生活的地方?jīng)]有雪。思路導(dǎo)航：Paragraph 1的開頭是Afel并不在意，暗示接下來的內(nèi)容會(huì)涉及Afel如何在沒有雪的情況下自己制作滑雪用具，克服一切困難努力成為一個(gè)滑雪者，而Afel最初的嘗試可能會(huì)遇到一些挫折。寫作時(shí)可能會(huì)用到的畫線詞有skis， skiers， TV等。Paragraph 2的開頭是因此，每天晚上在外面的沙漠中間，Afel都會(huì)練習(xí)著從沙丘上滑下來，這表明下文講的可能是Afel以一種特別的方式練習(xí)滑雪，把黃黃的沙漠想象成白白的雪場(chǎng)，并以奧運(yùn)金牌來激勵(lì)自己等。寫作時(shí)可能會(huì)用到的畫線詞有the white fields of snow， Winter Olympics， medal等。