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Unit 4 Body language 一、閱讀理解。 Crossing your legs is an extremely mon habit; most people dont even notice that theyre doing it when they sit down. While you may find it fortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of. A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You wont feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawn-out increases in blood pressure can cause long-term health issues. So, planning to sit for a long period of time? Dont keep your legs crossed. Crossing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg, explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle—what we know as that “pins and needles” sensation. While the feeling of disfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage. So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run. 1.What can we learn about crossing ones legs? A. It is a very bad social habit. B. It is usually practiced deliberately. C. It can make others feel unfortable. D. It can do harm to peoples health. 2.According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can______. A. resist gravity effectively B. affect your blood pressure C. lead to heart attacks easily D. improve the function of legs 3.In the third paragraph "pins and needles" probably means______. A. serious muscle injuries B. being a little nervous C. slight sharp pains D. being highly flexible 4.What is the main purpose of the text? A. To give readers some advice. B. To pare mon habits. C. To evaluate effects of an experiment. D. To introduce research methods. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蹺二郎腿對身體有害，大家要改掉蹺二郎腿的壞習(xí)慣。 1.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”可知，蹺二郎腿對健康有害。 2.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure.”可知，蹺二郎腿會使血壓升高。 4.A 【解析】文章意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段中的“it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”及最后一段中的“So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor.”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蹺二郎腿對健康有害，因此這篇文章的目的是建議大家改掉蹺二郎腿的壞習(xí)慣。 二、單句語法填空 1． (face) with a new situation, we make assumptions based on our experiences. 答案：Faced 2．Simon has lived in Spain for more than 10 years, but (curious) enough, he can’t speak a word of Spanish. 答案：curiously 3．(2018北京東城區(qū)模擬)At the conference, political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world terrorism and other threats. 答案：against 4．That means the price is likely (go) down because of the petition. 答案：to go 5．—Tom’s still angry with me. —You are (blame). How dare you call him a liar! He’s the last person (lie)． 答案：to blame; to lie 6．I appreciate the professor’s new approach to (teach) languages. 答案：teaching 7． (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience. 答案：Being misunderstood 8．You ought never to turn your back your friends on a threatened danger. 答案：to 9．The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household; it’s important (function) properly. 答案：to function 10．The doctor will give you some medicine (ease) your pain. 答案：to ease 三、完形填空。 We rarely get a chance to see pure care and love for those who need it most. And this story will 　1　 serve to remind us there is still lots of good in the world and that we are responsible for 　2　 that goodness. Ms Noriza, 49 years old, was walking in the street when she smelt a(an) 　3　 smell. She noticed many people were holding their 　4　 and hurried by. Looking around she found an old man in a wheelchair vomiting (嘔吐)and his clothes were made 　5　. “Nobody was helping him even though he looked so 　6　, ” Ms Noriza explained. She found some people were not only not doing something about it, but were plaining. The 　7　 was more than she could bear. 　8　, she went up to help. She went and bought a pair of shorts and a T-shirt in a nearby store and helped the old man get 　9　. After that, she acpanied him back to his flat 　10　 she went to work. There was kindness shown by some other 　11　, including Mr Goh. He was so 　12　 by what Ms Noriza had done that he got his friend to 　13　 the press of this story. “Her 　14　 towards a stranger moved me. It was 　15　 and plete kindness, ” said Mr Goh. Sometimes we are so focused on conflicts, arguments and all sorts of 　16　 things that we forget that the world is what it is because of us. If we want to see a society full of love, we should deliver that 　17　 through our actions and our lives. So next time we are given this priceless 　18　 to touch someone else’s life, let us 　19　 the moment and do something good, not just for the society, but for our 　20　 as well. 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文, 介紹了Ms Noriza在大街上幫助素不相識的老人的事情。通過本文作者呼吁人們要相信善良, 秉承善良, 傳播善良, 讓社會變得更加美好。 1. A. approximately　 B. hopefully C. finally　　　 D. merely 【解析】選B。approximately大約; hopefully有希望地; finally最后; merely僅僅。在文章末段作者發(fā)表了自己的感慨, 由此判斷作者講述這個(gè)故事的目的是希望人們能夠把善良的美德傳播開來, 故選B。 2. A. spreading B. praising C. searching　 D. discovering 【解析】選A。spread 傳播; praise表揚(yáng); search搜尋; discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。從文章最后兩段內(nèi)容可知作者希望人們用善良來驅(qū)逐冷漠, 用道德來傳遞溫暖, 鼓勵(lì)人們親身去做, 而不局限于僅僅去發(fā)現(xiàn)或者表揚(yáng)善良的行為, 故選A。 3. A. strong B. fragrant C. sweet　　　　 D. unpleasant 【解析】選D。strong 強(qiáng)壯的; fragrant芳香的; sweet 甜的; unpleasant不愉快的。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知Ms Noriza聞到的是老人的嘔吐物的味道, 當(dāng)然不會好聞, 故選D。 4. A. ears　　　　 B. eyes C. noses　 　 D. mouths 【解析】選C。從當(dāng)時(shí)的情景可知老人的嘔吐物發(fā)出難聞的味道, 路過的人都捏著鼻子, hold one’s nose“捏緊鼻子”。故選C。 5. A. wet B. dirty C. wrinkled　　 D. broken 【解析】選B。wet潮濕的; dirty臟的; wrinkled有褶皺的; broken破損的。根據(jù)語境可知坐在輪椅上的老人嘔吐時(shí)把衣服弄臟了, 故選B。 6. A. pitiful B. desperate C. hopeless　　 D. merciful 【解析】選A。pitiful可憐的; desperate絕望的; hopeless 沒希望的; merciful仁慈的。在此Ms Noriza指老人的狀況很可憐, 令人同情, 故選A。 7. A. action B. smell　　 C. word　　 D. sight 【解析】選D。上文Ms Noriza描述了當(dāng)時(shí)的情景, 她對沒人幫助老人的這種情形看不下去, 故選D。 8. A. However　　 B. Besides　　　 C. Therefore　　 D. Otherwise 【解析】選C。however然而; besides 此外; therefore因此; otherwise否則。從語境可知此處表示因果關(guān)系, 故選C。 9. A. cleaned　　 B. dressed C. changed　　 D. shaved 【解析】選C。clean 清潔; dress打扮; change換; shave剃。根據(jù)上文可知老人把衣服弄臟了, 而且Ms Noriza給他買了新衣服, 由此判斷她幫他換上干凈的衣服, get changed “換衣服”, 故選C。 10. A. before　　 B. until　 C. after　　 D. when 【解析】選A。從常識和語境可知善良的Ms Noriza先送老人回家, 然后去上班, 故選A。 11. A. customers　 B. passers-by　 C. women　　 D. salesmen 【解析】選B。從上文中的 “She noticed many people were holding their　 　and hurried by”. 可知Ms Noriza只是在大街上路過, 所以選B。 12. A. attracted　 B. encouraged　　 C. inspired　　 D. touched 【解析】選D。attract吸引; encourage鼓勵(lì); inspire激勵(lì); touch觸動。根據(jù)下文Mr Goh說的話 “. . . towards a stranger moved me. ”可知他被Ms Noriza的行為感動了, 故選D。 13. A. warn　　　 B. convince　 C. remind　　 D. inform 【解析】選D。warn 警告; convince使人信服; remind 提醒; inform通知。從語境可知Mr Goh讓他的朋友把Ms Noriza的善良行為告訴了媒體, 故選D。 14. A. politeness　 B. honesty　 C. selflessness　 D. carefulness 【解析】選C。politeness禮貌; honesty誠實(shí); selflessness無私; carefulness認(rèn)真。根據(jù)故事內(nèi)容以及后句中的plete kindness可知此處Mr Goh指Ms Noriza對待一個(gè)素不相識的人的那份善良和無私, 故選C。 15. A. pure　　　 B. simple　 C. mon　　 D. unusual 【解析】選A。pure純的; simple 簡單的; mon常見的; unusual不同尋常的。根據(jù)and連接并列成分前后一致的原則可以判斷填pure, 表示不帶有其他目的、純粹的, 故選A。 16. A. mental　　 B. negative　 C. positive　　 D. practical 【解析】選B。mental精神的; negative消極的; positive 積極的; practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)前面列舉的名詞conflicts, arguments可知此處指一些消極、負(fù)面的事情, 故選B。 17. A. motto　　 B. message　 C. speech　　 D. solution 【解析】選B。motto 箴言; message信息; speech 演講; solution解決方法。從if從句的內(nèi)容可知如果人們想要一個(gè)充滿愛的社會, 那么就需要通過我們的行為來傳遞這種信息, 故選B。 18. A. gift　　 B. situation 　　 C. experience　 D. opportunity 【解析】選D。gift禮物, 天賦; situation 情形; experience經(jīng)歷, 經(jīng)驗(yàn); opportunity機(jī)會。在文中作者呼吁人們要在別人需要幫助的時(shí)候, 伸出援助之手, 由此可知此處指當(dāng)人們遇到這樣的事情, 即有機(jī)會去傳遞愛心的時(shí)候, 不要錯(cuò)過這個(gè)機(jī)會, 故選D。 19. A. seize 　 B. find　 C. celebrate　 D. seek 【解析】選A。seize 抓住; find 發(fā)現(xiàn); celebrate 慶祝; seek尋求。從上文可知作者希望人們遇到此事時(shí), 把美好、善良傳遞下去, 希望人們抓住機(jī)會。故選A。 20. A. memories　 B. parents　　 C. souls　　　 D. future 【解析】選C。memory 記憶; parent 父母; soul 靈魂; future將來。俗話說: 贈人玫瑰, 手留余香。善意的行為不僅傳播善良和美好, 也給自己帶來快樂, 讓心靈得到洗禮和升華。故選C。 四、 1．She is not at all mean; in the contrary, she is quite generous. 答案：in→on 2．We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment in generally and air pollution in particular. 答案：generally→general 3．Nurses do all they can to make patients feel with ease. 答案：with→at 4．We don’t have enough books for anybody; some of you will have to share. 答案：anybody→everybody 5．He didn’t participate in the oral petition，because he didn’t want to lose a face. 答案：去掉a 五、單元語法——v.ing形式作狀語或定語 1．(2016全國卷Ⅲ)People probably cooked their food in large pots， (use) twigs(樹枝) to remove it. 答案：using 2． (translate) into many languages, the book written by Lu Yao is popular in many countries. 答案：Having been translated 3．A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, (leave) your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. 答案：leaving 4．Do you know the young man (wait) outside the school gate? 答案：waiting 5．The new film (show) in the cinema is exciting and I hope I will see again with my parents at this weekend. 答案：being shown