Unit 3A healthy life【短文語法填空】How would you use a radio or a telephone 1. you had no electricity or batteries?These problems bothered British inventor Trevor Baylis.So in 1996 he 2.(invent) a wind-up(裝有發(fā)條的) radio which doesnt need electricity or batteries.You wind it up 3. hand.It plays for about an hour.Then you wind it up again.After three years,Baylis invented a mobile phone 4. is powered by shoes.The shoes contain a small battery that 5.(power) when you walk.This battery is connected to a mobile phone.These two simple inventions can bring modern 6.(municate) to all parts of the world.Baylis doesnt have 7. university degree in engineering.In fact,he left high school before 8.(graduate).He just loves making things 9.(help) people.He never knows when ideas will e to him.The idea for the mobile phone 10.(sudden) came to him in a dream.答案1.if2.invented3.by4.that/which5.is powered6.munications7.a8.graduating/graduation9.to help10.suddenly(對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P145)stress n重壓，逼迫，壓力；重音；重點(diǎn)vt.加壓力于；使緊張；重讀(1)under stress 在壓力之下under the stress of.在壓力下put sb.under great stress 使某人感到沉重的壓力lay/place/put stress on sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物(2)stress the importance of.強(qiáng)調(diào)的重要性(3)As _has been stressed_ (stress) many times，learning English well is of great importance to your career development in future.正如多次強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣，學(xué)好英語對你們今后的職業(yè)發(fā)展非常重要。The manager always _stresses_ (stress) the importance of hard work.However，after a _stressful_ (stress) week of work，all the employees were extremely _stressed_ (stress) and tired.They plained that few could work efficiently under stress.經(jīng)理總是強(qiáng)調(diào)辛勤工作的重要性。然而一周緊張的工作之后，所有的雇員都心力交瘁，疲憊不堪。他們抱怨說幾乎沒有人能在壓力之下高效地工作。單句語法填空(2017江蘇卷)Here I _will stress_ (stress) some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的(1)be/bee/get addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于；專心做(2)addict vt.使沉溺；使上癮n.有癮的人addict oneself to sth.沉溺于a work addict 工作狂(3)addiction n癖好(教材原句)You see，during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.你知道，當(dāng)我還是一個(gè)十幾歲的孩子的時(shí)候，我也吸過煙，而且還上了癮。While his wife was in hospital in the United States，he got totally _addicted_ (addict) to alcohol，and his son _addicted_ (addict) himself to puter games._Addicted_ (addict) to puter games，his son has lost interest in his lessons，which makes his wife very angry.他妻子在美國住院期間，他對酒完全上了癮，而且他的兒子迷上了電腦游戲。由于迷戀于電腦游戲，他的兒子對功課失去了興趣，這使他的妻子非常生氣。accustomed adj.經(jīng)常的；慣常的；習(xí)慣了的(1)be accustomed to(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于(做)某事(表示狀態(tài))get/bee accustomed to(doing)sth.習(xí)慣于(做)某事(表示動(dòng)作)(2)accustom vt.使習(xí)慣于accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.使某人/自己習(xí)慣于(教材原句)This means that after a while your body bees accustomed to having nicotine in it.這就是說，過一段時(shí)間以后，你的身體習(xí)慣了香煙里的尼古丁。I _am accustomed_ (accustom) to living in the countryside，and I always find it hard to live in the city._Accustomed_ (accustom) to living in the countryside，I always find it hard to live in the city.I accustom myself _to_ living in the countryside，and I always find it hard to live in the city.我習(xí)慣于生活在鄉(xiāng)村，總是覺得生活在城里很困難。be accustomed to結(jié)構(gòu)中to為介詞，后須跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，相當(dāng)于be used to。effect n結(jié)果；效力(1)have an effect/influence on/upon 對產(chǎn)生影響e/go into effect/take effect 生效；實(shí)施bring/carry/put.into effect 實(shí)施；使生效/起作用of no effect 沒有效果的；沒有影響的side effect 副作用(2)effective adj.有效的；有影響的(3)affect vt.影響(教材原句)When I was young，I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.年輕時(shí)，我不太了解吸煙的危害性。My advice didnt have much effect _on_ him.我的勸告對他沒什么效果。(2016浙江卷)While online shopping has changed our life，not all of its _effects_ (effect) have been positive.盡管網(wǎng)上購物已經(jīng)改變了我們的生活，不是所有的影響都是積極的。單句語法填空(2017江蘇卷)What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect _of_ global warming?ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的(1)be/feel ashamed of 因感到慚愧be ashamed to do sth.恥于做某事feel/be ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧(2)be ashamed that.感到羞恥，感到慚愧shame n羞恥，慚愧；讓人遺憾的事真讓人遺憾真可惜！(3)shameful adj.可恥的；丟臉的shameless adj.不知羞恥的(教材原句)If you weaken and have a cigarette，do not feel ashamed.如果你意志薄弱了而吸了一支煙，不要感到羞愧。I must admit to _being ashamed_ (ashame) for what had happened.發(fā)生這樣的事我應(yīng)承認(rèn)我感到慚愧。Didnt you feel _ashamed_ (ashame) for yourself when you did the shameful thing_！What_ a shame that you should be such a cruel man!當(dāng)你做這件可恥的事時(shí)，你不為自己感到羞愧嗎？真可惜，你竟是這么一個(gè)殘酷的人?！酒哌x五】Choosing the Right Path to Be a “Better” PersonLife is a constant exercise in selfimprovement.In the rush to achieve，the idea of being “better” can bee lost sometimes.You may always wonder how to improve yourself and fulfill your dreams in an easier way._1_Explore your talents.Everybody has some outstanding skills or interests.So its often necessary to be patient and try many things before you find one that suits you._2_ For example，people loving adventure may not be interested in the quiet chess club，but someone who enjoys other quiet activities might be.Determining who you enjoy being around may help you know what youll enjoy._3_No matter how much money you make，you will not be happy if you spend your entire life doing something you hate.Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.If youre particularly unhappy at your job，consider why._4_ If you feel your job isnt meaningful，or isnt in line with your values，consider finding another job.Experience something new.Research has shown that when were in our fort zone，we arent as productive as we are when we step just beyond it._5_ Because of that，we may react slowly to our own positive experiences.Its important to have new experiences and interactions with others，even when those are a little scary.Doing so can help you achieve more.ADo what you love.BHere are some tips for you.CRegister in a class youre interested in.DHuman adapt very quickly to positive events.EIts possible that some changes may change your feeling.FSimilar types of people may be attracted to the same activities.GTry not to allow yourself to focus so much on a certain aspect of your life.【解題導(dǎo)語】人生就是不斷自我提升的過程，有時(shí)我們急于取得成功，卻迷失了自我。本文就如何提升自己給出了一些建議。1B上文提到你可能想知道如何用更簡單的方式提升自己，下文則給出了一些建議。由此可知，設(shè)空處承上啟下。B項(xiàng)符合語境。2F本段最后一句提到，判斷你喜歡跟誰在一起有助于你了解自己喜歡什么。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。3A本題考查標(biāo)題句。根據(jù)該標(biāo)題下的Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.可知，花時(shí)間做自己喜歡的事很重要。由此可知，A項(xiàng)(做你喜歡的事)符合語境。4E上文提出如果特別不喜歡現(xiàn)在的工作，考慮一下原因，下文則提出考慮換一份工作。由此可知，E項(xiàng)(有時(shí)候作出一些改變也可以改變你的心情)符合語境。5D本段主題是體驗(yàn)新事物?？崭窈笳f，正因?yàn)槿绱?，我們可能對自己的積極的經(jīng)歷反應(yīng)遲鈍。D項(xiàng)(人類對積極的事件適應(yīng)很快)正好解釋了下文的現(xiàn)象。故選D項(xiàng)。due to 由于；因?yàn)?1)due to 因?yàn)椋捎?，作表語或狀語，通常不置于句首due adj.欠款的；預(yù)定的；到期的be due to do sth.預(yù)期做某事，預(yù)定做某事be due to sth./sb.歸因于某事/某人；某人應(yīng)得的be due for sth.應(yīng)有；應(yīng)得到(2)because of 因?yàn)?較口語化)owing to 因?yàn)?較正式)thanks to 因?yàn)?；多虧了as a result of 因?yàn)閛n account of 由于(教材原句)I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.我想我之所以長壽而且精力充沛，要?dú)w功于我的健康生活。Any money that is due _to_ you will be paid before the end of the month.欠你的錢將在月底之前全部支付給你。The meeting is due _to start_ (start) until three.會(huì)議預(yù)定到3點(diǎn)鐘才開始。in spite of 不顧，不管；盡管，雖然(1)盡管盡管(2)regardless of 不管，不顧(教材原句)In spite of all his efforts he failed.He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying.盡管他很努力還是失敗了。他傷心地想哭。He went out _despite/in spite of_ the bad weather.雖然天氣不好，他還是出去了。(1)in spite of與despite同義，?？蓳Q用。in spite of為普通用語，despite多用于書面語言，despite不與of連用。(2)although/though也是“盡管；不管；不顧”的意思，但用作從屬連詞，后面接讓步狀語從句。in spite of/despiten.although從句。如：_In spite of/Despite_ the fact that it will cost much，we must take every measure to save the old mans life.Although it costs too much，we must take every measure to save the old mans life.不管費(fèi)用多少，我們必須采取一切措施搶救這位老人。take risks/a risk 冒險(xiǎn)(1)(2)(3)(教材原句)He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.他覺得每一步都得作出決定而不是冒險(xiǎn)。(2016北京卷)The reason why any of us take any _risks_ (risk) at all might have to do with early humans.我們?nèi)魏我粋€(gè)人都愿意冒險(xiǎn)的原因也許與早期人類有關(guān)。單句語法填空(2017江蘇卷)Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk _or_ cost.get into 陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)get into a talk/a fight/an argument 參與討論/斗毆/爭論get into the habit of 養(yǎng)成/染上習(xí)慣get into trouble 陷入麻煩get into debt 欠債get into a panic 陷入恐慌get into a temper 大發(fā)脾氣(教材原句)Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!當(dāng)然，對付毒品的最好的方法是首先就別養(yǎng)成(吸毒的)習(xí)慣！It is much easier to get _into_ debt than to get _out_ of it.負(fù)債容易還債難。A smile can help us get _through_ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以幫助我們渡過難關(guān)，在陌生人中找到朋友?！径涛母腻e(cuò)】Its not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of a need.Its your family who will but its important to know that.It happens such often that we end up take our parents for granted.We hurt them many cases and they are treated with disrespect for not understanding them. Its necessary to understand the fact that there is always different in opinions across two generations.But what really matters is the unconditionally love and care that they hold for us，that I believe is truly valuable.【答案】Its not the people you across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need.Its your family who will its important to know that.It happens often that we end up our parents for granted.We hurt them many cases and they are treated with disrespect for not understanding . Its necessary to understand the fact that there is always in opinions across two generations.But what really matters is the love and care that they hold for us， I believe is truly valuable.I _do hope_ so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的確希望如此，因?yàn)槲蚁胱屇愫臀乙粯踊畹媒】甸L壽?！癲o/does/did動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句，意為“確實(shí)，的確”，用來加強(qiáng)謂語動(dòng)詞的語氣，但須符合以下條件：(1)句子是肯定句；(2)句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。_Do_ be quiet!務(wù)必安靜！He _did_ go home yesterday.他昨天確實(shí)回家了。He _does_ work hard and finish the job in time.他工作的確努力，及時(shí)完成了任務(wù)?！鹃喿x理解】Recent months have seen a revival of the humble(普通的)bike across China, with an increasing number of people choosing pedaling(騎車)instead of driving to school, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction of bike-sharing systems, services in which bicycles are made available for shared use to individuals who do not own them and pioneered by start-ups like Ofo and Mobike, has brought the trend to a new level.Washington D. C. has one of the biggest bike sharing systems in the US with 3, 700 bikes and 440 stations. The UK, France and Germany all have growing programs. However, China, so far, outdoes(超過)them all by operating three out of four of the worlds shard bikes.People can unlock the shard bikes by simply using their smartphone. The bikes are equipped with GPS and users of Chinas versions can leave bikes anywhere in public for the next user. Theyre popular among many Chinese people as they provide an effective solution to the “l(fā)ast mile” problem, which refers to the final leg of a persons journey.However, the Chinese programs have also led to problems such as illegal parking, vandalism(故意破壞)and theft. In fact, these problems are also shared by bike-sharing programs abroad. Launched in 2007, Vilb is a large-scale public bike sharing system in Paris. At its early stage of operation, it also suffered from problems of vandalism or theft. By Oct 2009, a large number of Vlibs initial bikes had to be replaced due to vandalism or theft, according to The New York Times.To deal with these problems, the pany came up with the idea of encouraging people to return the bikes to stations by rewarding free time for their next rides. Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address these problems. For example, Mobike sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with points taken in the case of bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes, up from 0. 5-1 yuan.1.What can we learn about bike sharing systems?A. They offer free bike rides.B. They are running perfectly.C. China operates the biggest system.D. France was the first to launch the system.2.As a means of transportation, bike-sharing can be best described as _.A. promising but expensive.B. convenient and eco-friendly.C. eco-friendly but ineffective.D. troublesome and meaningless.3.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shared Bikes Pedal into Style.B. Problems with Bikes in China.C. Shared Bikes Attract Young People.D. Transportation Changes with the Times.【文章大意】本文為說明文。講述的是共享單車成為一種新的趨勢，并介紹了它的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。2.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知共享單車方便而且環(huán)保，故選B。3.A 【解析】主旨大意題。縱觀全文可知本文講的是共享單車成為一種新的趨勢，與A項(xiàng)一致，故選A。